RU143110U1 - INSTALLATION OF WASTE WATER CLEANING AT FILLING STATIONS WITH ADDITIONAL PUMPING OF OIL PRODUCTS IN A SEPARATE RESERVOIR - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at gas stations (complexes) and filling stations. The solution to this problem is achieved by installing a separate tank for collecting petroleum products, equipped with a pipeline with shutoff valves and an inspection device for separating petroleum products from water, as well as the fact that a sampling pipe with a pipeline for pumping petroleum products with an upper layer of wastewater is diverted from the tank with wastewater for the collection of petroleum products, the length of the pipe is regulated by a tight swivel joint. The utility model works as follows. Through the grate for receiving wastewater, a receiving pipe with an open gate, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump, which is equipped with filter screens with cells of various diameters. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited at the bottom of the sump filter. When filling the first sump with special valves, the waste water is sent to the second filter sump. In this case, mechanical impurities from the first sump are removed through the pipeline by opening the valve. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, with the help of an electric pump installation, through the upper intake pipe and the corresponding valve, the oil product with the upper layer of water enters a separate tank for collecting oil products. In this case, the operator adjusts the length of the intake pipe using a sealed swivel. After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water using an electric pump, the contaminated wastewater is fed into the coarse filter, then into the fine filter of the membrane type and into the tank for clean water. Pure water from the tank is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground. Self-cleaning of fine and coarse sludge filters is carried out in the sludge tank by an electropump installation using water from the tank through the process pipe and the sludge pipe. From the reservoir for collecting oil products, the settled water through the pipeline and the corresponding open valve enters the viewing device for separating the oil products from the water. The operator through the sight glass monitors the movement of water. When petroleum products appear in the sight glass, it closes the corresponding valve. For pumping oil from the tank, a pipeline with appropriate valves and an electric pump installation are used. Pumping is carried out in a car tank. Pumping petroleum products into a separate tank reduces the load on the fine filter and reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning process. Also, the collected petroleum products are pumped from a separate tank into a car tank and delivered to a refinery for further processing, which causes an economic effect.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at gas stations (complexes) and filling stations. The proposed utility model is most applicable when issuing petroleum products of various grades at gas stations (gas stations) equipped with recessed horizontal steel tanks.

For the treatment of storm drains from the territory of a gas station, their composition should include treatment facilities of an underground type of fire and explosion-proof performance, ensuring the treatment of drains to the requirements of maximum permissible concentrations for sewage on the ground, in urban storm sewers or in fishery reservoirs. For these purposes, treatment facilities of both domestic and foreign production that meet the specified requirements can be used [1, 2].

The main indicator of the operation of treatment facilities is the quality of treatment.

Industrial and waste water before being discharged from the territory of a gas station into a city storm sewer or into a water body must be treated in accordance with existing regulatory requirements to a concentration of oil products of 0.05 mg / l. The concentration of suspended solids should not exceed 10.5 mg / l. [2].

The pollution of the territories of gas stations is expressed mainly through the pollution of groundwater and soil. Oil products reaching the surface are filtered vertically through the thickness of the soil and reach the level of groundwater, where they accumulate and spread over the aquifer.

This not only leads to fuel losses and pollution of the hydrosphere, but also negatively affects public health.

Combating wastewater pollution is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

To achieve standardized indicators of wastewater treatment quality, the main technological solutions are accumulation or regulation of surface runoff, sedimentation, flotation, pressure or pressureless filtration and sorption.

At gas stations, local treatment facilities are used (sand traps, oil traps, neutralization stations, flotation plants, etc.), which allow eliminating the discharge of contaminated wastewater, and pre-treated wastewater can be supplied to treatment facilities of other enterprises, including urban treatment facilities.

Local treatment facilities at gas stations should provide for the treatment of surface wastewater during oil spills, emergencies, and general pollution of the territory of a gas station.

Installations and devices have been developed that allow sedimentation and filtering of mechanical impurities when receiving crude oil into the tank [3, 4]. These devices include cone-type sumps equipped with special inserts for filtering nets with cells of various diameters, pipelines with shutoff valves and valves to remove sludge. The use of these installations and devices as sand traps at the treatment plants of gas stations will significantly reduce the ingress of solid and suspended particles into the wastewater tank.

The simplest local facility for wastewater treatment at gas stations is an oil trap [1, 2]. It includes: a receiving device with a grate, a pipeline with a valve and a reservoir for collecting contaminated waste water. The principle of operation of the oil trap is based on the collection of contaminated sewage in the tank, followed by pumping of the settled water into a specialized automobile tank for the purpose of further removal to city treatment facilities or liquid waste collection points.

The disadvantages of the oil trap during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Lack of wastewater treatment directly at the gas station;

2. The ingress of a large amount of mechanical impurities into the reservoir for contaminated wastewater;

3. High costs associated with the operation of an automobile tank for the injection of contaminated wastewater, as well as the delivery and delivery of water to municipal wastewater treatment plants or liquid waste collection points.

Known stationary treatment plant NLP ROSEKS [1]. This installation is designed for deep wastewater treatment at gas stations and tank farms.

The installation consists of an oil trap, a coarse filter, a wastewater pump for treatment, a thin-layer unit, six pressure stages of purification, instrumentation, an automation and alarm unit, a tank for collecting oil products and mechanical impurities, a compressor and process pipelines.

The first stage is a thin-walled block filled with granular filter material. In the first stage, sand, solids and coarse oil are separated.

The second stage, three quarters of the volume, is filled with filter material and has a drainage layer. With the passage of wastewater through the filter and drainage layers, oil droplets coarsen and float.

The third and fourth stage are aerators. The diffusion of molecules of dissolved oil products and their flotation takes place in them.

The fifth and sixth steps are filled with sorbent material. Here the sorption of the remaining particles of petroleum products and their dissolved part occurs. The plant capacity is 5 m / h.

The disadvantages of this installation during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. A large number of loading consumables, which causes high operating costs and the unit cost of wastewater treatment;

2. Low life of the installation without replacing the boot consumables;

3. The inability to change the parameters of water purification without constructive changes to the installation.

4. The inability to collect petroleum products in a separate tank.

Also known is the treatment plant "Module-Eco" [2].

The principle of operation, which is based on the membrane method of separation of liquid media and suspended solids at the molecular level. As a standard filtering membrane element, a flat filter design based on nanofiltration membranes with pore sizes of the filter membrane septum cells from 15 Å to 500 Å (angstroms) is adopted.

The schematic diagram of the underground module-type treatment plant “Modul-Eco” for explosive and fire facilities includes a sand trap, a sludge tank, a contaminated water tank, a clean water tank, pipelines for water, pipelines for sludge, two electric pump units, and intermediate and fine filters .

The construction works as follows. Wastewater through a sand trap enters the tank with contaminated water. After settling, water with the help of an electric pump installation under a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² enters the intermediate filter, then into the fine filter and then into the tank with clean water. From the tank with clean water using a second pump installation, the purified water is discharged into the city storm sewer or to the ground. The productivity of the water treatment plant at a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² and pore sizes of the filter membrane partitions from 50 Å to 500 Å is 0.15 m ³ / h.

In this case, the smallest pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane septum of 50 Å are necessary for the purification of water from oil products.

For self-cleaning the fine filter, water from the tank with clean water is supplied by an electric pump to the fine filter, from where the sludge is discharged through a separate pipeline with shut-off valves to the sludge tank. In a similar manner, the intermediate filter is self-cleaning.

The disadvantages of the treatment plant for wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Low productivity of the structure associated with the operation of the fine filter, high working pressure of the wastewater supply and high energy intensity of the cleaning process;

2. Lack of separation of water and oil products due to flotation;

3. The low efficiency of the sand trap, in connection with which a large amount of mechanical impurities and suspended solids enters the tank with contaminated water;

4. The inability to collect petroleum products in a separate tank.

Closest to this problem is the installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtering of mechanical impurities and oil products [5].

In this installation, a cone-type filter-settler with valves and pipelines for removing mechanical impurities is equipped with a wastewater receiving grate having a receiving pipe with a valve. Also, additional sumps are equipped with two filter screens, with cells of different diameters. The settling filters are connected via a technological pipeline to a wastewater collection tank into which two intake pipes are mounted: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of wastewater and a lower pipe for pumping wastewater. The installation includes electric pump installations. The first electric pump unit is designed for pumping oil with an upper layer of water into a filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbing component, followed by supplying purified water from oil to a fine filter of membrane type with increased minimum pore sizes of mesh filtering partitions with 50 Å up to 200 Å and into the tank for clean water. The same pumping unit is designed for pumping contaminated wastewater through a process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter, and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. The second electric pump unit also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge with water is piped into the sludge tank.

Installation works as follows. Through the grate for receiving wastewater, a receiving pipe with an open gate, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump, which is equipped with filter screens with cells of various diameters. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited at the bottom of the sump filter. Mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the first mesh, and of a smaller diameter by a second mesh. When filling the first sump with special valves, the waste water is sent to the second filter sump. In this case, mechanical impurities from the first sump are removed through the pipeline by opening the valve. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, with the help of an electric pump installation, through the upper intake pipe and the corresponding valve, the oil product with the upper layer of water enters the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbing component. Then, purified from oil products, water flows through a process pipeline into a fine filter of membrane type, and after filtration into a tank for clean water.

After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water by means of an electric pump installation, a contaminated wastewater is fed into the coarse filter through a pipe and process pipe with an appropriate corresponding valve, then into a fine filter of a membrane type and into a tank for clean water.

Pure water from the tank is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

Self-cleaning of fine and coarse sludge filters is carried out in the sludge tank by an electropump installation using water from the tank through the process pipe and the sludge pipe.

Preliminary removal of mechanical impurities in the sump filters can significantly reduce the amount of contaminated mechanical impurities and suspended solids in the wastewater tank, as well as reduce the amount of sludge after self-cleaning the filters.

The standard pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions are 50 Å, 200 Å, 300 Å, 500 Å [2].

Additional filtration of the oil product with the upper water layer in the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component allows increasing the minimum pore sizes of the filtering membrane partitions from 50 Å to 200 Å, since the smallest pore sizes of 50 Å are necessary for purifying water from oil products. In this regard, the productivity of the installation increases from 150 l / h to 300 l / h and the energy intensity of the cleaning process decreases.

The disadvantages of a wastewater treatment plant at a gas station are:

1. Low accuracy of sampling the volume of petroleum products through the upper intake pipe.

2. The ingress of a large amount of water into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component.

3. Lack of collection of petroleum products in a separate tank.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment at gas stations. At the same time, petroleum products are collected in a separate tank, and do not undergo filtering in filters for fine cleaning and cleaning of fuels and lubricants, the energy consumption of the cleaning process is reduced, and the content of solids and suspended solids entering the wastewater tank is reduced.

The solution to this problem is achieved by installing a separate tank for collecting petroleum products, equipped with a pipeline with shutoff valves and an inspection device for separating petroleum products from water, as well as the fact that a sampling pipe with a pipeline for pumping petroleum products with an upper layer of wastewater is diverted from the tank with wastewater for the collection of petroleum products, the length of the pipe is regulated by a tight swivel joint.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since oil products are collected in a separate tank for further delivery to the oil refinery, the energy intensity of the cleaning process is reduced, the amount of water pumped through the intake pipe with the oil product is reduced, and the amount of contaminated solids and suspended solids in waste water tank.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2., Fig. 3) which depict: a section of the proposed installation, a top view of the filters of sedimentation tanks with pipelines and valves, as well as a front view of the device for separating oil from water. On the grate for receiving wastewater 1, having a receiving pipe 2, with a valve 3, two cone-type filter sumps 4 are equipped with valves 5 and pipelines 6 to remove mechanical impurities 7. Also, additionally, the sumps are equipped with two filter screens with cells of various diameters 8 ,9. The sump filters are connected by a technological pipeline 10 to a wastewater collection tank 11 into which two intake pipes are mounted: an upper pipe 12 for collecting oil products 13 with an upper layer of wastewater 14 and a lower pipe 15 for pumping wastewater. The wastewater treatment plant includes electric pump units 16, 17. The electric pump unit 16 is designed to pump oil with an upper layer of water into a separate tank for collecting oil products 18.

The same pump installation 16 is designed for pumping contaminated sewage 14 through a process pipeline 10 into a coarse filter 19, a fine filter of membrane type 20 and into a clean water tank 21.

An electric pump installation 17 is used to supply clean water 22 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. Electric pump installation 17 also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge 25 with water through the pipeline 26 enters the tank for sludge 27. It should be noted that part of the equipment is located below the surface of the earth 28, and pumping and filtration equipment is installed on the earth's surface. A separate reservoir for collecting oil products 18 by means of a process pipeline 10 is connected to a reservoir for collecting waste water 11. An observation device for separating oil products from water 29, which includes a housing 30, a sight glass 31 and flange connections 32, is mounted below the tank 18. for the purpose of taking petroleum products from the tank 11, the intake pipe 12 is inserted into a sealed swivel 33 located in the pipe of a larger diameter 34. The length of the intake pipe is regulated by a seal hinged joint.

For pumping out of the reservoir 18 filled with oil, the pipeline 35 is designed for an electric pump installation 36. Pumping is carried out in an automobile tank.

The utility model works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater 1, a receiving pipe 2, with an open valve 3, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump 4, which is equipped with filter screens 8, 9 with cells of different diameters. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities 7 due to gravitational forces is deposited on the bottom of the filter sump 4. The mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the mesh 8, and the smaller diameter by the mesh 9. When filling the first sump using special valves 3, the wastewater is sent to the second filter sump . In this case, mechanical impurities from the first sump are removed through pipeline 6 by opening the valve 5. Filled filtered mesh from the first sump is removed and replaced with new ones. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank 11, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, using an electric pump installation 16, through the upper intake pipe 12 and the corresponding valve 3, the oil product 13 with the upper layer of water 14 enters a separate reservoir for collecting oil products 18. The operator adjusts the length of the intake pipe 12 using a tight swivel joint 33. After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water using an electric pump installation 16 is supplied through the pipe 15 and the process pipe 10 with the corresponding open valve 3 of contaminated waste water 14 into the filter is rough purification 19 minutes, then a fine filter membrane 20 and into the tank for clean water 21. Clean water 22 from tank 21 is pumped out of the second electric pump installation 17 via the intake pipe 23 through conduit 24, pure water in a municipal storm sewer or the ground. Self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters from sludge 25 is carried out in the tank for sludge 27 by an electric pump installation 17 with water 22 from the tank 21 through the process pipe 10 and the pipe for sludge 26. From the tank 18, the settled water through the pipe 10 and the corresponding open valve 3 enters the viewing device to separate oil products from water 29. The operator through the sight glass 31 monitors the movement of water. When petroleum products appear in the sight glass, it closes the corresponding valve 3. To determine the level of water and petroleum products in the tank 11, the operator uses a meter stock and water-sensitive paste. Then he sets the length of the intake pipe 12 using a sealed swivel 33 to more accurately take the volume of oil from the tank 11. To pump the oil from the tank 18, a pipeline 35 with the corresponding valves and an electric pump installation 36 are used. Pumping is carried out in a car tank.

Preliminary removal of mechanical impurities in the sump filters can significantly reduce the amount of contaminated mechanical impurities and suspended solids in the wastewater tank, as well as reduce the amount of sludge after self-cleaning the filters.

Pumping petroleum products into a separate tank reduces the load on the fine filter and reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning process. Also, the collected petroleum products are pumped from a separate tank into a car tank and delivered to a refinery for further processing, which causes an economic effect.

LITERATURE

1. Cooper V.A., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: AOZT Paritet, 1999 - 338 p.

2. V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. Center LitNefteGaz LLC, 2004.

3. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Vyushin D.A. A reservoir for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities. Utility Model Patent No. 79535 dated January 10, 2009.

4. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Kudashova E.A., Kundrotas K.R. Installation for receiving and dispensing crude oil and filtering solids. Utility Model Patent No. 84357 of June 10, 2009.

5. Matveev Yu.A., Kuznetsov VA, Butuzov AA, Mulgachev A.Yu. Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and oil products. Utility Model Patent No. 120963 of 10/10/2012.

Claims (1)

Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional pumping of oil products into a separate tank, characterized in that a separate tank for collecting oil products is equipped with a pipeline with shut-off valves and a viewing device for separating oil products from water, while an upper intake pipe with a pipeline for pumping oil products with an upper layer of wastewater, while for the collection of oil products the length of the pipe is made adjustable by g sealed swivel joint.