RU2547550C1 - Method of treatment of mastitis in lactating sheep - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises intramuscular administration of the tylosin-containing preparation at a dose of 0.05 ml/kg body weight once a day for 3-4 days in all forms of mastitis. The tylosin-containing preparation is used as the preparation of the following composition, wt %: colistin sulphate - 4.0-6.0; tylosin base - 4.0-6.0; benzyl alcohol - 4.0; water for injection - 15.0; 1,2-propylene glycol - 100.0%.

EFFECT: use of the claimed invention enables to improve the therapeutic efficacy of treatment of mastitis.

3 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to veterinary obstetrics, and can be used to treat mastitis in sheep.

Inflammation of the mammary gland - mastitis - in sheep is widespread. During the year, mastitis suffers from two to ten percent of ewes [Huseynov EM, Shabanov Sh.B., Hasanova K.B. Diagnosis and prevention of latent mastitis. Sheep breeding 1993, No. 2. S.37-38].

Mastitis in sheep occurs in most cases as a result of the ingestion of pathogenic microflora, mainly staphylococci, streptococci, and pasteurellas, into the mammary gland. Infection occurs when the animal is lying on an infected litter or when the lambs and then healthy sheep are sucked by the lambs, as well as through injuries of the udder and nipples caused by the lambs (Goncharov V.P. Prevention and treatment of mastitis in animals / V.P. Goncharov, V.A. Karpov, I.L. Yakimchuk // M. - 1987. - 207 p.).

Mastitis is mainly acute and manifests itself in the form of serous, catarrhal, purulent and hemorrhagic inflammation, as well as subclinically. The economic damage from this disease consists of a decrease in the milk productivity of ewes, the cost of treatment, premature culling, and also the cost of treating the lambs [Nikitin V.Ya. Mastitis in sheep in the Stavropol Territory. Proceedings of the Stavropol Agricultural Institute, vol. 20, 1965].

For the treatment of patients with mastitis, ewes mainly use various antimicrobial agents containing antibiotics and sulfonamides.

A known analogue is a method of treating mastitis in sheep, involving intramuscular injection of penicillin at a dose of 100000-200000 IU three times a day and oral administration of norsulfazole 1-3 g per head 2 times a day. Simultaneously with the intramuscular administration of an antibiotic, 50,000-100,000 IU of penicillin or streptomycin dissolved in 10 ml of saline are injected into the affected lobe of the udder once a day. To dilute the exudate of the udder before using these drugs, a warm 1-2% solution of bicarbonate of soda is injected through the nipple and discarded. The course of treatment is 3-4 days [http://webmvc.com/bolezn/livestock/infect/cattle/mastitis.php].

The disadvantage of this method of treatment is the multiplicity and complexity of the introduction of drugs.

A known method of treating mastitis in animals using bicillin-3. The antibiotic is dissolved in sterile saline and intramuscularly administered to the ewes at a dose of 10-20 thousand units per 1 kg of animal weight [I. Arkhangelsky. Infectious mastitis of sheep. In: Diseases of Sheep and Goats. M., 1973].

The disadvantage of this method of treatment is the low effectiveness of the treatment.

A known analogue is a tool for the treatment of mastitis in animals based on tylosin [RU 2464988 C2, 10.27.2012]. The treatment consists in the following: after milking, a product is applied and rubbed onto the skin of the nipples and the area of the nipple, which includes the following components: tylosin (0.5-1.0%), glycerin (5.0-10.0%), carbopol (0.15-0.2%), triethanolamine (0.02-0.03%), fir essential oil (0.1-0.3%) and water.

The disadvantage of this method of treatment is the low efficiency and complexity of the treatment (it takes a lot of time to fix the animal, applying and rubbing the ointment into the skin of the mammary gland).

The closest analogue is a method of treating cattle and small cattle in diseases of bacterial and mycoplasma etiology, including mastitis, using tylosin 200 at a dose of 0.05-0.06 ml / kg of animal body weight, intramuscularly once a day 3-5 days [Instructions for use of tylosin 200 for bacterial infections in animals, registration certificate number: 44-3-12.12-0836 No.PVR-3-2.9 / 00065].

The disadvantage of the prototype is a decrease in the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug used in the method, associated with the development of the resistance of microorganisms to its active component - tylosin.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment of mastitis in lactating sheep.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of treating mastitis in lactating sheep, including intramuscular administration of a tylosin-containing preparation at a dose of 0.05 ml / kg body weight once a day for 3-4 days with all forms of mastitis, according to the invention, they are used as tylosin-containing preparation of the following composition, wt.%:

Colistin sulfate 4.0-6.0 Tylosin base 4.0-6.0 Benzyl alcohol 4.0 Water for injections 15.0 1,2-propylene glycol up to 100.0%

The combination in the dosage form of two antimicrobial components with a different mechanism of action provides the best bactericidal and therapeutic effect by expanding the spectrum of antimicrobial action, filling the gaps in the action of each of the components of the combination and preventing the formation of resistance of microorganisms.

The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of the macrolide antibiotic tylosin is to inhibit the synthesis of protein of the microbial cell as a result of its interaction with aminocyl-t-RNA and peptidyl-t-RNA of bacterial ribosomes, while the formation of polysomal functional complexes and translation of amino acids associated with t-RNA is blocked. Macrolides are characterized by a post-antibiotic effect, which manifests itself in the absence of the effect of the resumption of bacterial growth, despite the removal of the antibiotic from the body, as well as the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effect [Klyuchnikov C.O., Boldyrev VB Possibilities of using macrolides in children in modern conditions / Bulletin of Pediatric Pharmacology and Nutritionology / Volume 4. 2007, No. 3. - S.16-23]. These antibiotics increase the activity of T-killers, accumulate in neutrophils and macrophages, enhance their phagocytic activity and migration to the site of inflammation [Dorozhkin VI, Biryukova NP, Antipov VA Testing of antimicrobial agents based on tylosin // Sat. scientific tr VNIVIPFiT “Use of new diagnostic methods and pharmacological agents in the treatment and prevention of non-communicable animal diseases”. Voronezh, 1993. - P.26-30].

Colistin sulfate (polymyxin E) is a polymyxin produced by Bacillus polymyxa. The antibiotic is active against salmonella, Escherichia coli, pseudomonads, Shigella, hemophilus, aerobacteria, pasteurell, bordetell, Klebsiella [Keshinyan ES, Semina G.Yu. Assessment of the clinical efficacy of Zitrocin in the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases in children / Bulletin of Pediatric Pharmacology and Nutritionology / Volume 4. 2007, No. 5. - S. 35-39. Shabunin S.V. Antimicrobial effect of pharmacological compositions / S.V. Shabunin // Veterinary medicine. - 1999. - No. 9. - S. 47-48]. The mechanism of action of colistin is based on the destruction of the structure of phospholipids of the cell membrane of the microbial cell. Damage to the membrane structure leads to a change in its permeability for both intracellular and extracellular components [Devid Bernala, J.M. Llop, E. Fort, M.B. Badia, R. Jadar. Use colistin in the Treatment of Multie-Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections / Am J health-Syst Pharm, 2005; 62 (1): 39-47].

Testing the effectiveness of the method of treating mastitis in sheep was carried out on lactating ewes of the Dagestan rock, at 2-4 lamb, with a body weight of 35-40 kg, patients with subclinical, serous, catarrhal and purulent-catarrhal forms of mastitis. According to the principle of analogues, animals were divided into two groups, taking into account the general condition, the severity of the disease and the same feeding and keeping conditions.

The diagnosis of mastitis was made comprehensively on the basis of data from a clinical examination of animals, the results of bacteriological studies, taking into account the epizootic situation on the farm.

For the animals during the experiment conducted daily clinical observations. The treatment results were evaluated on the 3-4th day after the last injection of the drug comprehensively taking into account the clinical examination of sheep and laboratory studies of the secretion from the treated udder lobes. The studies were performed in three series of experiments.

Example 1. Research was conducted on 107 patients with mastitis ewes belonging to the PC "Repairmen" Gergebilsky district of the Republic of Dagestan.

The animals of the experimental group (n = 58) were injected intramuscularly with the preparation of the claimed invention at a dose of 0.05 ml / kg of animal weight once a day until clinical recovery; the control (n = 49) was the prototype preparation in accordance with the instructions for use.

Tests of therapeutic efficacy were carried out against the background of subcutaneous administration of oxytocin at a dose of 10 units twice with an interval of 12 hours and an elevated novocaine blockade according to DD Logvinov by double administration of a 0.25% solution of novocaine in a dose of 0.5 ml per 1 kg of body weight with an interval of 48 hours. The results of the experiment are presented in table 1.

Table 1 The effectiveness of the proposed method for mastitis in lactating sheep in the PC "Repairmen" Gergebilsky district of the Republic of Dagestan. Ways Being treated, goal. Duration of recovery, days Recovered ewes % Subclinical mastitis The inventive method eighteen 2.5 ± 0.3 17 94.4 Prototype method 17 2.6 ± 0.2 fifteen 88.2 Serous mastitis The inventive method fifteen 3.1 ± 0.2 fourteen 93.3 Prototype method 12 3.6 ± 0.3 9 75.0 Catarrhal mastitis The inventive method 13 3.5 ± 0.5 eleven 84.6 Prototype method eleven 4.0 ± 0.3 8 72.7 Purulent catarrhal mastitis The inventive method eleven 4.3 ± 0.4 9 81.8 Prototype method 10 4.9 ± 0.4 7 70.0

As follows from the data presented, the therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment according to the prototype method was: with subclinical mastitis - 88.2%, serous - 75.0%, catarrhal - 72.7%, purulent-catarrhal - 70.0%.

The highest therapeutic efficacy is achieved using the proposed method. With subclinical mastitis, it was 94.4%, serous - 93.3%, with catarrhal - 84.6%, with catarrhal-purulent - 81.8%, which is higher than when using the prototype method, respectively, by 6.2% , 18.3%, 11.9% and 11.8%.

Example 2. The studies were performed on 98 ewes of the OTF No. 4 of the PZ "Chokh" of the Gunibsky District of the Republic of Dagestan.

The animals of the experimental group (n = 56) were injected intramuscularly with the preparation according to the claimed method at a dose of 0.05 ml / kg of animal weight once a day until clinical recovery, control (n = 42) - the preparation according to the prototype method in accordance with the instructions for use .

Tests of therapeutic efficacy were carried out against the background of subcutaneous administration of oxytocin at a dose of 10 units twice with an interval of 12 hours and an elevated novocaine blockade according to DD Logvinov by double administration of a 0.25% solution of novocaine in a dose of 0.5 ml per 1 kg of body weight with an interval of 48 hours. The results of the experiment are presented in table 2.

table 2 The effectiveness of the proposed method for mastitis in lactating sheep OTF No. 4 PZ "Chokh" Gunibsky district of the Republic of Dagestan Ways Being treated, goal. Duration of recovery, days Recovered ewes % Subclinical mastitis The inventive method 17 2.2 ± 0.7 16 94.1 Prototype method fourteen 2.8 ± 0.2 12 85.7 Serous mastitis The inventive method fifteen 3.5 ± 0.7 fourteen 93.3 Prototype method 12 3.6 ± 0.4 10 83.3 Catarrhal mastitis The inventive method fourteen 3.3 ± 0.7 13 92.8 Prototype method 8 3.6 ± 0.4 6 75.0 Purulent catarrhal mastitis The inventive method 10 4.7 ± 0.3 9 90.0 Prototype method 8 4.7 ± 0.3 5 62.5

The highest therapeutic efficacy is achieved using the proposed method. With subclinical mastitis, it was 94.1%, serous - 93.3%, with catarrhal - 92.8%, with purulent-catarrhal - 90.0%, which is higher than when using the prototype method, respectively, 6.2% , 10.0%, 17.8% and 27.5%.

Example 3. Studies were performed on 106 ewes belonging to the PZ “Red Sheruns” of Nagai district of the Republic of Dagestan.

The animals of the experimental group (n = 55) were injected intramuscularly with the preparation according to the claimed method at a dose of 0.05 ml / kg of animal weight once a day until clinical recovery, control (n = 51) - the preparation according to the prototype method in accordance with the instructions for use .

Tests of therapeutic efficacy were carried out against the background of subcutaneous administration of oxytocin at a dose of 10 units twice with an interval of 12 hours and an elevated novocaine blockade according to DD Logvinov by double administration of a 0.25% solution of novocaine in a dose of 0.5 ml per 1 kg of body weight with an interval of 48 hours. The results of the experiment are presented in table 3.

Table 3 The effectiveness of the application of the proposed method for mastitis in lactating sheep in the PZ "Scherunniye Buruni" Nagai district of the Republic of Dagestan Ways Being treated, goal. Duration of recovery, days Recovered ewes % Subclinical mastitis The inventive method 17 2.7 ± 0.2 16 94.1 Prototype method 16 3.2 ± 0.1 fourteen 87.5 Serous mastitis The inventive method 13 3.7 ± 0.4 12 92.3 Prototype method fourteen 3.9 ± 0.5 eleven 78.5 Catarrhal mastitis The inventive method fourteen 3.3 ± 0.3 12 92.8 Prototype method 12 3.3 ± 0.3 10 83.3 Purulent catarrhal mastitis The inventive method eleven 4.7 ± 0.6 10 90.9 Prototype method 9 4.7 ± 0.4 6 66.6

The highest therapeutic efficacy is achieved using the proposed method. With subclinical mastitis, it was 94.1%, serous - 92.3%, with catarrhal - 92.8%, with purulent-catarrhal - 90.9%, which is higher than when using the prototype method, respectively, by 6.6% , 13.8%, 9.5% and 24.3%.

Thus, the tests of the proposed method for the treatment of mastitis in lactating sheep showed that it has a pronounced therapeutic effect. The method is technological and cost-effective.

Claims (1)

A method for the treatment of mastitis in lactating sheep, including intramuscular injection of a tylosin-containing preparation at a dose of 0.05 ml / kg body weight once a day for 3-4 days with all forms of mastitis against the background of subcutaneous administration of oxytocin at a dose of 10 PIECES twice with an interval of 12 hours and implicit novocaine blockade according to D.D. Loginov by twice introducing a 0.25% solution of novocaine in a dose of 0.5 ml per 1 kg of body weight with an interval of 48 hours, characterized in that as a tylosin-containing drug, the following composition is used, mass. %:
Colistin sulfate 4.0-6.0 Tylosin base 4.0-6.0 Benzyl alcohol 4.0 Water for injections 15.0 1,2-propylene glycol up to 100.0%