RU2540341C2 - Method of disposal of solid wastes and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to scavenging hardware, particularly, to disposal of winter precipitates. Proposed method consists in that snow and frazil are accumulated in appropriate hopper. Then, they are processed by heating with hot air for their forced thawing. Hot air is isolated from atmosphere in warm season. Said air is fed into melted water ply produced in stored bulk. Then, air is discharged in atmosphere. Melted water is directed for domestic water consumption or in sewer system. Proposed device comprises accumulation holler, air selection unit, water pump and pipelines. Besides, it includes pontoon. The latter is equipped with filter and biological bubbler and dipped in said accumulation hopper.

EFFECT: electric power saving.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for the disposal of solid atmospheric precipitation, and can be used to change the microclimate of urban areas during positive temperatures, as well as to use the resulting melt water in central heating systems or to preserve road asphalt.

There is a known method of utilizing solid precipitation according to RF patent No. 2476638, which includes storing snow in a bunker, forcing it to thaw through pipelines through which the coolant flows, draining melt water from the bunker through a treatment device to a storage tank (for various household needs: irrigation in period of positive temperatures, fire fighting, etc.).

This saves potable water.

The disadvantage of this method is that water for these needs can be obtained by simply collecting melt water in the spring in a storage tank, without the cost of expensive energy.

The closest technical solution is the method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2226591. The specified method includes storing the snow mass in the hopper, its melting by means of heated air supplied under the porous base of the hopper. Cooled air through an air intake perforated pipe enters for heating in a power plant or is discharged into the atmosphere. Melt water seeps through the base pores into the pit and from there it flows by gravity to the sewer. The method also provides for the intensification of melting snow through infrared spotlights.

The main disadvantages of the prototype are: the need for energy costs for heating the air and dumping melt water into the sewers without disposing of their beneficial properties.

These disadvantages are eliminated by the fact that in the known method, which includes storing snow and ice in a storage hopper, forced melting of this mass by treating it with warm air, air is vented to the atmosphere, melt water is sent to household needs or to the sewer, snow and ice mass is melted by the heat of air taken from the atmosphere in the warm season, and melting is carried out by introducing this air into a layer of melt water formed in a stored mass, and then producing Air is vented into the atmosphere, for example, to pedestrian areas.

In addition, melt water from the storage hopper is sent to the central heating systems of buildings.

A device for implementing the method comprises: a storage hopper, a unit for supplying and selecting air, a water pump, a bubbler, a filter and pipelines, as well as a pontoon.

Blowing warm atmospheric air through a layer of meltwater will allow: firstly, melting the accumulated snow mass without the cost of expensive energy, and secondly, it will allow you to clean the air from mechanical and gas impurities, in particular from excess carbon dioxide, which has increased solubility in melt water.

In addition, the use of a coolant with low temperatures will allow the use of pipelines and other fittings made of plastics that are more resistant to oxidation processes than metal fittings.

The direction of melt water with a low temperature in the central heating system will improve the microclimate in the apartments of citizens in hot weather. Also, melt water can cool the asphalt to prevent its melting in the hot season.

The pontoon is designed to automatically follow the filter and bubbler behind the level of the layer of melt water in the snow-ice mass.

A device for implementing the proposed method is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows the types of grate with a vibrator.

The device comprises: a hopper 1, a hatch 2, a pontoon 3, a pneumatic unit 4, a water pump 5 and its pipeline 6. At the bottom of the hopper 1 with a waterproofing sump 7 is placed, which is also protected from water infiltration. The hatch 2 contains nozzles 8 and 9, respectively, for air inlet and outlet, the pontoon 3 is equipped with a nozzle with a bubbler 10 and a nozzle with a filter 11. The pneumatic unit 4 is equipped with air exhaust pipes 12, a distribution valve 13 and pipes 14 for exhausting purified and cooled air . Snow and ice are loaded into the hopper 1 through a removable grate 15 equipped with vibrators 16. The hatch 2 also contains a heater 17. The pipes on the pontoon 3 are connected to the unit 4 and pump 5 by flexible pipelines.

The inventive method is implemented as follows. The fallen snow or ice is stored by regular means of cleaning in the hopper 1. The grate 15 using vibrators 16 eliminates large debris. Next, through the grate 15, the upper layers of the hopper 1 are melted by the heat of convection air movement. Then the grate 15 is removed and a pontoon 3 is immersed in the layer of melt water of the hopper 1, equipped with nozzles with a filter 11 and a bubbler 10. These nozzles are respectively connected to the pump 5 and nozzle 8 by means of flexible pipelines. The hatch 2 closes, isolating the hopper 1. The pipe 8 is connected to the blower of the unit 4. The pipe 9, through the distributor 13, is connected to the unit 4, which also receives pipes for the selection of contaminated air 12.

When you turn on the unit 4, the polluted air from the pipes 12 enters the bubbler 10, where it is cleaned of dust, excess carbon dioxide and then, cooled, is released into the atmosphere through the pipes 14.

During the above process, the layer of melt water in the hopper 1 receives additional heat, resulting in further melting of the remaining part of the snow-ice mass.

The excess melt water is cleaned by a filter 11, pumped out by a pump 5 and sent through a pipe 6 for watering, cooling apartments and other household needs.

The pontoon 3 lowers after the water level, leaving the optimal distance between the bubbler 10 and the snow-ice mass in the hopper 1. To intensify the melting process, the pontoon 3 can be equipped, for example, also with a heater 17.

If necessary, the outlet to the pipes 14 is closed by means of a distributor 13 and air is circulated in the hopper 1 - aggregate 4 system, including at elevated pressure, to organize its discharge, for example, through chokes, which can also help to reduce the temperature of the exhaust air.

Flexible pipelines leading to the bubbler 10 and filter 11 are expanded if necessary.

At the end of the melting process of the snow-ice mass, hatch 2 opens, the pontoon 3 is removed and the sump pump 7 is lowered into the sump 7, which pumps out the dirt along with the remaining water.

The device is ready for the new season.

To increase the throttle response of the hopper 1, the snow in it can be compacted using a pontoon 3. For this, it is equipped with a vibrator 16; the bubbler 10 and the filter 11 are removed during this process. Pontoon 3 falls on loose snow and with the help of a vibrator 16 compacts it.

The sump 7 can be manufactured in a removable version, and then the removal of dirt from the hopper 1 can be carried out by lifting it to the surface and unloading it in a container.

The proposed device can be installed on the side of the freeways with the direction of the cleaned air in the direction of neighboring sidewalks.

The hopper 1 is made of concrete, plastic and other insulating materials. Its vertical sectional area is larger than the horizontal sectional area than spontaneous snow compaction is achieved and, as a result, an increase in the injectivity of the bunker volume.

All pipelines, pipes and pontoons can also be made of plastic.

Air purification can be carried out during the day, and water is pumped out the rest of the time.

Using the proposed method will: improve the environmental condition in urban areas, reduce the cost of energy used for cleaning and melting snow, reduce the dependence of the speed of the traffic flow on the falling snow.

Claims (3)

1. A method of utilizing solid precipitation, including storing snow and ice in a storage bin, forcing this mass to melt by treating it with warm air, venting air into the atmosphere, sending melt water for household needs or to the sewer, characterized in that it melts the snow-ice mass is carried out by the heat of air taken from the atmosphere in the warm season, and melting is carried out by introducing this air into the layer of melt water formed in the stored mass, and then produced air venting to the atmosphere, for example to pedestrian areas. 2. The method of snow utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that during the hot season, melt water from the storage hopper is sent to the central heating systems of buildings. 3. A device for the disposal of solid sediments by the method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a storage hopper, an air extraction unit, a water pump and pipelines, characterized in that it comprises a pontoon immersed in a storage hopper and equipped with nozzles with a filter and a bubbler.

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