RU2335597C1 - Snow melting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: snow melting device incorporates a receive hopper, snow grinding device, snow melting chamber, household solid waste collector, water heater, and pumping equipment. The snow melting chamber represents a pipe with screws and pipeline to withdraw water. The nozzles to feed hot water in the snow melting chamber are arranged at the said chamber top all along its length. At the chamber bottom, slot-like holes are arranged to withdraw water into the pan furnished with a pipeline attached thereto. The snow melting chamber outside is provided with thermal isolation. The snow grinding device represents a milling cutter.

EFFECT: high-efficiency snow melting because of intensified heat exchange.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to installations for the utilization of snow, and in particular to an installation for melting snow, and can be used in municipal services, industrial and transport enterprises, in particular in railway transport when clearing the track of snow.

A snow plow for railway tracks is known for removing snow while cleaning the track, including a fence, a snow melter, a tank for draining the liquid and a water storage tank, while in the snow melter the snow is treated with saline supplied from above through openings in the pipeline (see SU 1131965, Е01Н 5 / 10, 1984).

The disadvantage of this installation is the additional cost of preparing a special saline solution used for melting snow, and the disposal of saline solution - an environmentally harmful product.

There is also known an installation for snow utilization, which includes a bath for receiving and melting snow mass, a heating device in the form of burners immersed in water, a pump for taking water from the bath and supplying it through nozzles for irrigating the snow mass, a device for removing water from the bath. The bath has a compartment for submersible burners and a compartment for accommodating snow mass. When implementing the method, water is heated in the compartment with immersion burners to a temperature of from 10 to 80 ° C and served for watering the snow in the compartment of the snow mass. Water from the compartment with submersible burners can be fed into the heat supply system. Water from the snow mass compartment is sent to the sewer and / or to the treatment plant (see RU 2173744, ЕНН 5/10, 2001).

This installation for the disposal of snow has the following disadvantages: low coefficient of convective heat transfer from immersion burners to water and from water to snow mass. Irrigation of snow-water mass produced from above by jets from nozzles. In this case, the heat transfer is not high, due to the fact that the water leaving the nozzles does not form flooded jets and, therefore, turbulent flows in the snow-water mass. As a result, such methods and installations have low productivity.

The closest technical solution is a snow melting unit used in a railway snow blower containing a snow melter, in which snow is thawed by mixing it with hot water heated in a heat exchanger with hot steam from a steam locomotive boiler to 100 ° C and supplied through nozzles to snow. The devices for mixing are made in the form of wheels located on the sides of the snow melter. Part of the warm water from the snow melter is supplied to the heat exchanger for reheating, and the rest is fed by a centrifugal pump to tanks or sewers (see SU 65224, E01H 8/08, 1945).

In a known installation for melting snow while mixing the snow mass with hot water through the wheels, the heat transfer from water to snow is partially increased. However, the location of the wheels on the sides of the snow melter does not ensure the achievement of the necessary intensity of the snow melting process. In addition, the snow mass received for processing is contaminated with municipal solid waste and contains lumps of snow and ice. In the known installation does not provide any means for purifying water from mechanical impurities and crushing clods of snow and ice.

The technical result of the installation for melting snow is to increase the productivity of the process of melting snow due to the intensification of heat transfer.

The specified technical result is achieved in the installation for melting snow, which includes a receiving hopper, a device for crushing snow located under the receiving hopper, a snow melting chamber equipped with means for mixing snow with hot water, nozzles for supplying hot water located in its upper part, and a pipeline for removing water for heating, a device for collecting municipal solid waste, equipped with a grate and installed between the snow melting chamber and the heat exchanger, a heat exchanger for heating In this case, the pumping equipment, while the snow melting chamber is made in the form of a pipe with screws, moreover, nozzles for supplying hot water to the snow melting chamber are placed along its entire length, and slotted openings are made in the lower part for draining water into a pan attached to the snow melting chamber and equipped with a pipeline for supplying water to a device for collecting municipal solid waste.

Additionally, the snow melting chamber is provided with heat insulation from the outside. A device for crushing snow can be made in the form of a mill.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the technological scheme of the installation for melting snow.

The drawing shows: 1 - receiving hopper, 2 - a device for crushing snow, 3 - a mill, 4 - a snow melting chamber, 5 - one of the screws, 6 - insulation layer, 7 - nozzles, 8 - slotted holes, 9 - pallet, 10 - a pipeline for draining water, 11 - a pipeline for supplying water to a device for collecting municipal solid waste, 12 - a device for collecting municipal solid waste, 13 - a grill, 14 - a pump, 15 - a valve, 16 - a heat exchanger, 17 - heat exchanger pipes, 18 - nozzles, 19 - pump.

A device for melting snow, removed, for example, from the upper track, works as follows.

The snow collected by the snow train is fed through the conveyor to the receiving hopper 1, then it is crushed in the device 2 for crushing the snow by means of mills 3 to sizes of 1-10 mm.

The crushed snow then enters the snow-melting chamber 4, made in the form of a pipe with heat insulation 6. In the snow-melting chamber, the snow with the help of screws 5 is moved deep into the snow-melting chamber and simultaneously mixed with hot water supplied through nozzles 7 located in the upper part of the snow-melting chamber 4 its entire length.

The crushed solid household waste that did not pass through the slotted openings 8 is pushed by the screws 5 to the end of the snow melting chamber 4 and fed into the pipeline 10 for water drainage. Through slotted holes 8, made in the lower part of the snow-melting chamber 4, waste and melt water enters the pan 9, attached to the snow-melting chamber. From the pallet 9, water is discharged through a pipe 11 for supplying water to a device for collecting municipal solid waste 12, provided with a grill 13 and installed between the snow melting chamber 4 and the heat exchanger 16. Water is also supplied to the device 12 for collecting municipal solid waste that enters the pipeline 10 for water drainage from the snow melting chamber 4. Solid household waste is deposited on the grate 13, which is then removed from the device 12. The solid household waste accumulated on the grate 13 is collected in containers and sent to the landfill.

Purified water from municipal solid waste using a pump 14 is fed to a heat exchanger 16, made in the form of a tubular heat exchanger. Through the heat exchanger 16, water is pumped under pressure and heated. Hot water from the heat exchanger 16 by the pump 19 is again sent to the snow melting chamber 4. The water in the heat exchanger is heated by removing heat from the pipes 17, heated by burning fuel in the nozzles 18 in the annular space. Excess water is discharged after the pump 14 through the valve 15 for further use.

The snow melting installation according to the invention provides a high intensity of the snow melting process, while reducing production areas, implements an environmentally friendly technological process for snow disposal, as well as reducing the negative impact of harmful substances entering the snow on the environment. When placing this installation for melting snow on a snow-removing train or motor transport equipment, the performance of snow removal due to the exclusion of transportation and unloading of snow at special sites increases 5-10 times.

The test results of the installation for melting snow are as follows: an increase in the productivity of the snow train to 8400 m ³ / shift.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for melting snow, including a melting chamber equipped with means for mixing snow with hot water, nozzles for supplying hot water located in its upper part, and a pipe for removing water for heating, a heat exchanger for heating water, pumping equipment, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a receiving hopper, a device for crushing snow, located under the receiving hopper, a device for collecting municipal solid waste, equipped with a grate and installed between the snow melter a chamber and a heat exchanger, while the snow-melting chamber is made in the form of a pipe with screws, and nozzles for supplying hot water to the snow-melting chamber are placed along its entire length, and slotted holes are made in the lower part for draining water into a pan attached to the snow-melting chamber and equipped with a pipeline for supplying water to a device for collecting municipal solid waste. 2. Installation for melting snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the snow melting chamber is provided with heat insulation from the outside. 3. Installation for melting snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for grinding snow is made in the form of a mill.