JP2011038764A - Snow melting or cooling system using underground heat/air heat - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable cooling in summer and snow melting in winter via a heat pump of a natural refrigerant effectively using underground heat and also using air heat. <P>SOLUTION: In this snow melting or cooling system using underground heat/air heat, the heat pump 30 operated for snow melting or cooling in winter or summer, respectively is used. At least in winter, by an underground heat exchanger 33 operated as an evaporator and a heating tower provided in the heat exchanger, while underground heat and air heat are collected, high temperature high pressure refrigerant gas is generated via a compressor 31 forming the heat pump, and heat for snow melting is generated by a brine heat exchanger 32 operated as a condenser. In summer, heat of the high temperature high pressure gas formed by the compressor is released by the underground heat exchanger operated as a condenser and the heating tower provided in the heat exchanger, cold for cooling is generated by the brine heat exchanger operated as an evaporator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is for snowmelting in a snowy region, and usually uses snowmelt operation using ground heat or air heat, corresponding to a wide range of operations such as snowmelt operation when snowmelt power is cut off, snowmelt operation when power supply to the snowmelt is cut off, and preheating / freezing prevention operation. A natural working medium that combines ground heat and air heat that generates heat by the system, ground heat sampling and air heat sampling, and generates heat by radiating heat to the ground and air. The present invention relates to a snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat through a heat pump used as a refrigerant.

Conventionally, in order to prevent the road from freezing and snow accumulation, a snow melting heating element is buried in the ground near the road surface.
As the heating element, an electric heater or the like is used, or a method of circulating hot water in a pipe embedded in a pavement (asphalt layer or concrete layer) on the roadbed near the ground surface is used as a means for preventing snow melting or freezing. Has been.

By the way, as for the conventional snowmelt by hot water, as mentioned above, a heat pump for hot water heating using air as a heat source is used in the snowmelt pipe buried near the ground surface. Was needed.
In addition, because air heat is used as a heat source, frost formation on the heat transfer surface of the heating tower, which is the supply source of air heat, leads to a decrease in thermal efficiency and requires defrost. For this defrost, temporary melting of snow is stopped. There was a problem to do.
In addition, in order to cope with heavy snowfall due to temporary abnormal weather, the conventional snow melting means has a problem that heat capacity is not enough and flexibility is not sufficient.
And in a snowy area, there is a power contract for melting snow in the snow melting, but there is a problem that power melting (peak cut) in a specific time zone accompanying the contract is forced, so that the snow melting must be stopped.

  By the way, in recent years, environmental problems such as global warming, ozone layer destruction, and energy saving have been screamed, and effective use of natural refrigerants and natural energy is also required. Among them, the earth is a safe and natural material that exists everywhere, and does not require any special space. The use of this geothermal heat and the use of the earth's heat storage are also conceivable. There are also proposals for the use of geothermal heat.

For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-159891 discloses one of the above proposals as a “geothermal heat pump system”.
According to the above proposal, the heat pump system according to the present proposal is
A hot water tank for storing the hot water generated at the hot water generation facility or a hot water tank for storing hot water to be used at the hot water use facility is provided and collected from both the stored hot water and the ground in these hot water tanks or hot water tanks. While generating heat while heating,
A hot water supply tank that heats the stored water and generates hot water in the hot water use facility is provided, and is configured by a heat pump that generates cold while radiating heat to both the stored water and the ground in this hot water tank configuration. .

In other words, for the generation of warm heat, the heat of the stored hot water and the heat of the ground are used to prevent a decrease in heat collection due to a decrease in geothermal heat, enabling stable operation. The heat pump is designed for stable operation by radiating heat to both the stored water and the ground, and the heat generation amount of the heat pump device due to poor heat collection in a short-time continuous operation in a conventional heat pump system that uses only underground heat. It is intended to prevent a decrease and an increase in power consumption.
In addition, the heat exchanger for extracting ground heat used in this proposal is a double-pipe heat exchanger buried deep underground, and it has a vertical structure that does not allow for a large heat capacity from the drawing. Conceivable.

  However, the underground temperature varies depending on the type of soil, but when it is about 5-9m underground, it becomes a constant temperature of around 10 ° C throughout the year. This level of temperature is lower than the outside air temperature during cooling. Therefore, there are advantages that the system coefficient of performance is higher throughout the year and that the consumption of primary energy can be reduced depending on how the underground heat is used, compared to the conventional method using the air as the heat source.

JP 61-95754 A (Claims)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. Geothermal heat that enables effective cooling of geothermal heat and cooling of air in the summer and melting of snow in the winter through a heat pump of natural refrigerant combined with air heat.・ To provide snow melting or cooling system using air heat.

First, the reference invention of the present invention will be described.
Therefore, the snow melting system using ground heat and air heat, which is the reference invention of the present invention,
A snowmelt pipe for roadbed heating and a heat storage pipe for ground heating that sends snowmelt brine to the snowmelt pipe are provided in order to continue the snowmelt operation by pump drive using low-voltage power without peak cut even when the power for snowmelt is cut off It is a thing.
That is, a heating tower that functions as a heat collector for heating the brine, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and an air heat source heat pump, and a hot brine heated and formed by the heat pump are circulated. Use of underground heat and air heat consisting of a heat exchange pipe for exchanging heat with the ground on the roadbed or the ground to melt snowfall, and a brine supply path connecting the pipe and the heat pump. In the snow melting system,
A heat storage pipe that is connected to the compression sensible heat exchanger of the heat pump and distributes the first warm brine to exchange heat with the formation on the ground, and a temperature lower than the first warm brine that is connected to the condenser of the heat pump. The second warm brine is circulated, and an asphalt layer on the roadbed and a snow melting pipe for heat exchange are provided.

  As shown in the above configuration, the present invention uses a compression heat pump that uses air heat as a heat source for heating the brine necessary for melting snow, and not only heating the formation on the roadbed near the surface by the heated warm brine. It is possible to heat the formation on the ground below the roadbed, and to store heat with a heat capacity that can cope with fluctuations in snowmelt load caused by heavy snow due to abnormal weather.

That is, for example, a warm brine of 10 to 30 ° C. (preferably about 25 ° C.) is used to heat the formation on the roadbed near the surface of the ground, and it is directly involved in snow melting to heat the formation on the roadbed and the lower ground. For example, a warm brine of 30 to 60 ° C. (preferably around 50 ° C.) is used to participate in heat storage having a heat capacity that can cope with load fluctuations.
And the sensible heat exchanger of discharge gas is provided in the discharge side of the compressor of the heat pump of the air heat source, the hot brine of about 50 ° C. is obtained through the heat exchanger, the heat storage pipe is operated, and the ground The heat storage heat exchange with the upper stratum is performed to cope with fluctuations in the snowmelt load,
Next, a warm brine of about 25 ° C. is obtained with a condenser that condenses the discharge gas, and the snow melting pipe is operated to directly participate in snow melting in the formation above the roadbed.

  In addition, each brine supply path connecting between the snow melting pipe and the heat storage pipe of the reference invention of the present invention and the heat pump is separated from the heat pump via the switching valve group and coupled to each other, and circulates between the roadbed formation and the ground formation. A circulation path for warm brine is formed, and the brine circulation pump is operated with low-pressure power without peak cut for snow melting operation and freezing prevention / preheating operation when the power for snow melting power is cut off (at peak cut) through this circuit. It is characterized by being configured to be driven and corresponded.

  With the above configuration, the warm brine supply path connecting the sensible heat exchanger of the heat pump and the heat storage pipe, and the warm brine supply path connecting the condenser and the snow melting pipe of the heat pump are cut and separated from the heat pump by the switching circuit, respectively. The brine circulation path that connects the snow melting pipe and the heat storage pipe is formed, and the brine circulation pump that is driven by low-pressure power is driven to enable the snow melting when the heat pump is stopped corresponding to the power interruption of the snow melting power. In addition, the heat pump is rested during freezing prevention / preheating operation so that the road surface can be warmed by heat storage.

Further, the heat pump of the present invention is configured to switch the heating tower as a defrost condenser (heat radiator), and to switch the condenser tower as a defrosted low-temperature refrigerant gas evaporator,
Hot brine is introduced from the heat storage pipe into the condenser that is switched and operated as the evaporator via the supply path and the switching valve group, and the low-temperature refrigerant gas is heated by the heat storage of the introduced ground formation, and further through the compressor. The defrosting hot gas is formed by pressurization, and the heat radiation defrosting is performed by the heating tower.

  By the way, when the heat pump of the air heat source is operated to collect heat from the outside air, the refrigerant gas that has been gasified at a low temperature by the upstream expansion valve passes through the heating tower, resulting in frost formation on the heat transfer surface and a decrease in thermal efficiency. Come on. For this reason, it is sometimes necessary to stop the operation and defrost the frosting surface, but at this time, according to the present invention, the heat stored between the ground and the roadbed is prevented so as not to affect the snow melting side. It is designed to be used as a heat source via a heat storage pipe.

That is, the frosted heating tower is made to function as a defrost condenser (heat radiator), and the condenser is made to function as an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant liquid radiated and condensed by the heating tower through an expansion valve. is there.
Then, the refrigerant gas evaporated by the condenser functioning as an evaporator is heated by heat accumulation between the roadbed and the ground introduced through the heat storage pipe, and further heated by the compressor so as to obtain a defrosting hot gas. It is what.

In addition, the heat pump of the present invention has a structure in which the heating tower is a brine indirect type and is operated by switching a brine circuit between a condenser and a sensible heat exchanger,
Hot brine is introduced into the evaporator via the supply path and the switching valve group by the heat storage pipe, the low-temperature refrigerant gas is heated by the heat storage in the introduced ground formation, and further pressurized through the compressor and heated by the condenser. It is characterized in that a warm brine leading to the heating tower is formed and introduced into the heating tower for heat radiation defrosting.

  With the above configuration, in the case of the brine indirect type with the evaporator interposed, the refrigerant gas vaporized by the evaporator is heated by the heat storage between the roadbed and the ground introduced through the heat storage pipe, and further heated by the compressor. The defrosted warm brine is obtained with a condenser.

  The heat pump of the reference invention is characterized in that the secondary side is an indirect type using brine, and the primary side is a self-contained type using a natural refrigerant.

  The above configuration is an indirect type using brine on the secondary side, completely cuts off the cooperation with the primary side, and uses an environmentally friendly natural working fluid ammonia refrigerant on the primary side to prevent refrigerant accidents such as refrigerant leakage. Self-contained to keep to a minimum.

Next, the present invention will be described.
The snow melting or cooling system using underground heat and air heat of the present invention is
A heat pump is formed by a heating tower, an air heat exchanger, an underground heat exchanger, a compressor, a brine heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporation pressure control valve. In the snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat, each using a heat pump that operates for snow melting or cooling, respectively.
In the winter season, the ground heat exchanger operating as an evaporator and the heating tower attached to the heat exchanger are used to heat the ground heat and air heat through the compressor that forms the heat pump. The present invention is characterized in that a high-pressure refrigerant gas is generated, and the heat for melting snow is generated by a brine heat exchanger that operates as a condenser.

  The above-mentioned present invention achieves effective heat collection of ground heat through a ground heat exchanger, and the shortage is compensated by air heat collection with a heating tower, and a high coefficient of performance that enables snow melting in winter This is an energy-saving heat pump system.

  The heat pump of the present invention is preferably provided with a boiler so as to cope with heating in winter and supply of heat for melting snow by the heat pump and snow melting during heavy snowfall.

  In the invention according to claim 2, a boiler is attached to the heat pump system of the present invention, and in the winter season, the output of the boiler is responded to heating and heat pump drive power interruption, defrost operation, and heavy snow through a brine heater. This makes it possible to supply the necessary heat.

In addition, the brine heat exchanger of the above invention is combined with an ice bank for heat storage and combined as a compression sensible heat exchanger to store the compressed sensible heat in the winter,
It is preferable to adopt a configuration corresponding to snow melting operation when power is cut off, anti-freezing / preheating operation, and defrosting.

  With the above configuration, a heat storage ice bank is added to the heat pump system of the present invention and combined as a compression sensible heat exchanger, and in the winter, the compressed sensible heat is stored in a warm state, and snow melting operation and freezing prevention / preheating operation when the power is shut off In response to the defrosting operation, a predetermined temperature can be supplied.

  In addition, the snow melting or cooling system using geothermal / air heat according to the present invention, in the summer, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas formed by the compressor is converted into a ground heat exchanger that operates as a condenser and the heat. The cooling heat is generated by a brine heat exchanger that operates as an evaporator while radiating heat from a heating tower provided in the exchanger.

In the above-described invention, in the summer, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas formed by the compressor is condensed by the underground heat exchanger and is dissipated by the heating tower, and is stored in the ground by the condensation.
On the other hand, cooling heat is generated through a brine heat exchanger used as a snow melting heat exchanger in winter.

  In addition, the brine heat exchanger of the above invention is provided with a heat storage ice bank, and in the winter, cold heat is supplied by the brine heat exchanger and heat is stored by the ice bank, and in the summer, cold heat is supplied by the ice bank. It is better to use it for cooling.

The above invention
It has excellent heat storage capacity, does not directly affect the refrigerator due to load fluctuations, and has an ice bank attached to the brine heat exchanger.
It is better to freeze the outer periphery of the cooling coil provided in the ice bank water tank at night, change the cooling heat into ice shape and store heat, and melt and use it according to the fluctuation of the cooling load even during the daytime heat pump stop .

  Moreover, the heat storage pipe for heat collection connected to the underground heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 4 is preferably provided in a lower layer of the snow melting pipe.

  In the above invention, in order to effectively use the underground heat, the snowmelt pipe group is horizontally and widely disposed on the same surface under the snowmelt pipe group, and in summer, the heat generated by the solar heat is collected and collected through the asphalt roadbed layer in which the snowmelt pipe group is disposed. The brine is circulated through the snow melting pipe and the heat collecting pipe in the heat pump section so that heat can be stored.

  In the heat pumps according to claims 1 and 4, the secondary side is preferably an indirect type using brine, and the primary side is preferably a self-contained type using natural refrigerant.

  The above-mentioned invention is an indirect type using brine on the secondary side, completely cuts off the cooperation with the primary side, and uses an environmentally friendly natural working fluid ammonia refrigerant on the primary side to minimize accidents such as refrigerant leakage As a self-contained type,

Moreover, the heat pump according to claim 1 and claim 4 is configured such that the heating tower is a brine indirect type and is operated by switching between a brine heat exchanger (condenser) and a brine circuit of an evaporator,
The warm brine is introduced into the evaporator from the snow melting pipe and the heat collecting pipe via the switching valve group of the brine circuit, the low-temperature refrigerant gas is heated by the stored underground heat, and further pressurized through the compressor to the brine. It is preferable that a warm brine is formed by a heat exchanger (condenser) and introduced into the heating tower for heat radiation defrosting.

  In the above invention, the heating tower is a brine indirect type, and the brine circuit of the brine heat exchanger (condenser) and the evaporator is switched and operated to introduce a warm brine into the heating tower and perform heat defrosting. Since the amount of ammonia refrigerant can be minimized and complicated refrigerant piping is not required, the risk of accidents due to leakage can be further reduced.

The effects described below can be improved by the configuration of the reference invention.
a. By using the heat stored in the ground even when the power for snow melting power is cut off (peak cut), it is possible to reliably melt snow without operating the heat pump, so use the snow melting contract with confidence. it can.
b. By supplying heat to the lower part of the roadbed, the amount of heat escaping from the snowmelt pipe to the lower part of the roadbed can be greatly reduced, and the heat of the warm brine can be used effectively.
c. Since the system has a heat capacity that exceeds the heat pump capacity by utilizing heat storage, temporary heavy snowfall can be dealt with.
d. Since the heat stored between the roadbed and the ground can be used for defrosting, the defrosting operation can be performed without hindering the snowmelt pipe side, and the snowmelt efficiency can be increased.
e. During freezing prevention and preheating periods other than during snowfall, the heat stored between the roadbed and the ground can be used, so there is no need to operate the heat pump, and power consumption can be greatly reduced.
The configuration of the present invention has the following effects.
f. The use of an ammonia heat pump unit that uses both underground heat and air heat, which uses the heat storage properties of the underground soil, can cope with cooling loads in the summer, and indirect self-contained type using brine for snow melting and heating loads in the winter. Providing a safe and energy-saving system that can handle cold and heat cycles.
g. Since the heat collecting pipe is buried under the snow melting pipe, space saving is possible.
h. When defrosting the air heat exchanger (heating tower), it is possible to switch to an operation line that cools the hot water in the ice bank and disconnects the brine heat exchanger by switching to the ice heat storage operation cycle. This brine can maintain the snow melting environment without being cooled.
k. In the snow melting operation in winter, the heat stored in the ground in the summer is collected, so that the evaporation temperature can be set high and high efficiency operation is possible.

1 is a system diagram showing a schematic configuration of a snow melting system using ground heat and air heat according to the present invention. It is a systematic diagram at the time of making a heating tower into a brine indirect type about the system systematic diagram of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the embedding condition in the pavement path of the snow melting pipe and heat storage pipe of FIG. FIG. 2 is a detailed view of brine piping to a snow melting pipe and a heat storage pipe in FIG. 1, showing a flow of warm brine during normal operation. FIG. 2 is a detailed brine piping diagram illustrating the flow of warm brine when power is shut off, preheated, and freeze-prevented in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant which uses the heat storage on the ground at the time of the defrost operation | movement of the heating tower of FIG. 1 as a heat source. It is piping detailed drawing which shows the flow of the brine of the thermal storage pipe in FIG. 6, and a snowmelt pipe. It is a figure which shows an example of the Example of the heat generation for snow melting in the winter of the snow melting or cooling system using geothermal heat / air heat of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the Example of the cold heat generation for air_conditioning | cooling in the summer of FIG. 8 and 9 are system diagrams when the heating tower is an indirect brine type. It is a figure which shows another Example of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 9. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning condition of the snow-melting pipe and heat collecting pipe in FIG. 8, FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, as long as there is no specific description, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. .
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a schematic configuration of a snow melting system using ground heat and air heat according to a reference invention of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the system system diagram of FIG. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the embedding condition of the snow melting pipe and heat storage pipe in Fig. 1 on the pavement, and Fig. 4 is a detailed view of brine piping to the snow melting pipe and heat storage pipe in Fig. 1 for normal operation. It is a figure which shows the flow of the warm brine at the time. FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the brine piping showing the flow of the warm brine at the time of power shut-off, preheating, and freezing prevention. 6 is a view showing the flow of refrigerant using heat storage on the ground during the defrost operation of the heating tower of FIG. 1 as a heat source, and FIG. 7 is a piping detail showing the flow of brine in the heat storage pipe and the snow melting pipe in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a system diagram of an embodiment in the winter of the snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a diagram of cooling generation in the summer of FIG. FIG. 10 is a system diagram when the heating tower is a brine indirect type in FIGS. 8 and 9, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 8, and FIG. 12 is another implementation of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the snow melting pipe and the heat collecting pipe in FIGS. 8 and 9.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the snow melting system using ground heat and air heat according to the present invention includes a heating tower 10, a compressor 11, a sensible heat exchanger 12 that forms a brine heater for heat storage, and a snow melting system. The heat pump 20 is an air heat source including a condenser 14 and an expansion valve 16 that form a brine heater, a heat storage pipe 13, a snow melting pipe 15, and a brine supply path 18.

  In addition, when the evaporator of the heating tower 10 of FIG. 1 is a brine indirect type, an evaporator 10a is additionally provided as shown in FIG. 2, and a brine switching circuit 19d of the condenser 14 and the sensible heat exchanger 12 is provided. 19e are additionally provided.

The heat pump 20 of the air heat source heats the refrigerant gas using air heat collected from the atmosphere by the heating tower 10 as a heat source. The heated refrigerant gas is discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas by the compressor 11, and the sensible heat of the discharged gas passes through the brine that passes through the brine storage heater 13 of the sensible heat exchanger 12 to about 50 ° C. This is applied to the snow melting load or the snow melting operation at the time of power interruption of the snow melting power, the preheating and the freezing operation to be described later.
Next, the discharge gas that has passed through the sensible heat exchanger 12 heats the brine to be circulated to the snow melting pipe 15 through the brine heater of the condenser 14 to about 25 ° C., and gives heat for melting snow as a warm brine.
The refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser 14 becomes a refrigerant gas through the expansion valve 16 and circulates in the heating tower 10 by reflux.

  The brine supply path 18 includes a heat storage warm brine supply path 18a, a snow melting warm brine supply path 18b, and a connecting path 18c connecting the brine supply paths 18a and 18b. The heat storage warm brine supply path 18a is connected to the brine heater of the sensible heat exchanger 12 via the switching valves 17a and 17b, and supplies warm brine of about 50 ° C. to the heat storage pipe 13 as described above. The snow melting warm brine supply path 18b is connected to the brine heater of the condenser 14 via the switching valves 17c and 17d, and supplies warm brine of about 25 ° C. to the snow melting pipe 15 as described above.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embedding state of the snow melting pipe 15 and the heat storage pipe 13 in the paved road.
As shown in FIG. 3, the paved road is provided with a roadbed 22 having a thickness B (about 300 to 600 mm) on the ground 23, and a pavement such as an asphalt layer having a thickness A (about 100 mm) is constructed on the roadbed 22. However, in the snow melting heat storage system of the present invention, the snow melting pipe 15 is embedded in the pavement such as the asphalt layer on the roadbed 22 and the heat storage pipe 13 is embedded in the ground layer on the ground 23.

The snow melting operation by the snow melting heat storage system having the above configuration includes the normal snow melting operation shown in FIG. 4 and the snow melting operation, preheating, and freeze prevention operation shown in FIG.
In the normal snow melting operation, as shown in FIG. 4, the high-temperature and high-pressure discharge gas from the compressor 11 is heated through the brine heater for heat storage of the sensible heat exchanger 12, and warm brine of about 50 ° C. It is supplied to the heat storage pipe 13 via the heat storage warm brine supply path 18a and the brine circulation pump 19a to heat the formation on the ground 23. At the same time, the heat of condensation of the discharge gas is obtained through a snow-melting brine supply path 18b and a brine circulation pump 19b so that a warm brine of about 25 ° C. is obtained via a snow-melting brine heater of the condenser 14. The snowmelt pipe 15 is supplied to heat the asphalt layer on the roadbed 22.

  Next, the snow melting operation and preheating and anti-freezing operation when the power for snow melting power is cut off (at the time of peak cut) is to operate the heat pump 20 for driving snow melting by using only low voltage power without peak cut. In this case, the heat storage pipe 13 and the snow melting pipe 15 are separated from the heat pump 20 through the switching valves 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d provided in the brine supply path 18, respectively, and separated from the heat storage pipe 13 as shown in FIG. The snow melting pipe 15 is connected in series via the communication path 18c (the black mark is closed, the white mark is open), and a circulation path is formed as shown by the arrows, and the heat stored in the formation on the ground 23 is Heat for melting snow or heat for preheating from the heat storage pipe 13 to the snow melting pipe 15 through the circulation path and the brine circulation pump 19b driven by low-voltage power. Yes in the configuration supplied as sintering preventing heat are also available cope without hindrance during deactivation rotation of the heat pump 20 by blocking the snow melting power.

  By the way, in the heat pump 20 of the air heat source, frost formation by the low-temperature refrigerant gas vaporized by the expansion valve 16 during the snow melting operation of the heat transfer surface of the heating tower 10 that collects air heat from outside air occurs during use. Although there is a problem in that the heat efficiency is lowered and the snow melting is hindered, it is sometimes necessary to stop the operation of the heat pump 20 to defrost the heat transfer surface.

In the present reference invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the frosted heating tower 10 is caused to function as a defrost condenser (heat radiator), and the refrigerant liquid condensed by the heating tower 10 is used as the expansion valve 16. It is made to function as an evaporator which evaporates via.
The refrigerant gas vaporized by the condenser 14 functioning as an evaporator is heated by the heat stored in the ground layer introduced through the heat storage pipe 13 and further heated by the compressor 11 to be defrosted hot gas. It is something to get.
The hot gas thus obtained is radiated by the heating tower 10 functioning as a condenser and defrosted on the heat transfer surface.

  In the case of the defrost, as shown in FIG. 7, the snow-melting pipe 15 connected to the snow-melting warm brine supply path 18b and the heat storage pipe 13 connected to the heat-storage warm brine supply path 18a are respectively switched by the switching valves 17c, 17d, 17a, The heat storage pipe 13 is separated and separated from the heat pump 20 through 17b, and the separated heat storage pipe 13 is connected to the snow melting brine supply path 18b through the communication path 18c and the brine circulation pump 19c, and the evaporator of the heat pump 20 is connected through the supply path. Is connected to a condenser 14 designed to function as Thus, the refrigerant liquid radiated and condensed by the defrost is turned into gas by the expansion valve 16, and is supplied with the heat stored in the ground on the ground from the heat storage pipe 13 to be heated, thereby preventing snow melting by the snow melting pipe 15. It is possible to defrost without giving.

  In addition, when the heating tower 10 shown in FIG. 2 is a brine indirect type with an evaporator 10a interposed, the condenser 14 and the sensible heat exchanger 12 are switched to the brine switching circuits 19d and 19e so that the condenser The warm brine generated in 14 is introduced into the heating tower 10 to dissipate heat and defrost on the heat transfer surface.

  In the case of the defrost, the snow melting pipe 15 is separated from the heat pump 20 by the switching valves 17c and 17d and separated from the heat pump 20, and the heating tower side of the evaporator 10a is connected to the hot brine supply path 18a for heat storage via the circuit 19d. Heat stored in the ground layer from the heat storage pipe 13 is introduced so that defrosting can be performed without affecting the snow melting by the snow melting pipe 15.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing an embodiment of a snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view of generation of heat for snow melting in winter, and FIG. 9 is a cooling for cooling in summer. A diagram of the occurrence is shown.
As shown in the figure, the snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat according to the present invention includes a ground heat exchanger 33, an air heat exchanger (heating tower) 34 provided in the heat exchanger, and a compressor. 31, a heat pump 30 including a brine heat exchanger 32, expansion valves 36a and 36b, and an evaporation pressure regulating valve (EPR) 35;
A snow melting pipe 32a buried under the asphalt layer on the ground surface and disposed on the secondary side of the brine heat exchanger 32, and a ground heat exchanger 33 buried in the same region below the snow melting pipe 32a. The heat collecting pipe 33a that forms the secondary side of this, the brine heater 41 for heating provided separately, and the boiler 40 that supplies the heating heat through the heater 41 are configured.

  8 and 9, when the heating tower 34 is a brine indirect type with an evaporator interposed, an evaporator 34a is additionally provided as shown in FIG. 10, and a condenser (brine heat exchanger) is provided. 32 and brine switching circuits 45a and 45b of the evaporator 34a are additionally provided in the heat pump 30.

And in the winter season shown in Figure 8,
The heat pump 30 heats the ammonia gas using the underground heat and air heat collected by the air heat exchanger 34 provided together with the underground heat exchanger 33 as heat sources. The heated ammonia gas is discharged as high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas by the compressor 31, and the discharge gas is directed in the direction of arrow W toward the brine heat exchanger 32 through the snow melting circuit 44a formed by opening the stop valve 37a. Pumped.
The pumped high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas is condensed by the snow-melting brine heat exchanger 32, and the heat exchanged heats the brine circulating in the snow-melting pipe 32a to about 20 to 35 ° C. It is applied to the asphalt layer near the surface.
After the ammonia refrigerant liquid condensed by the snow melting brine heat exchanger 32 is received by the receiver 38, the underground heat exchanger 33 evaporates by the EPR 35 under the control of the evaporation pressure and is stored in the ground. The air heat exchanger 34 evaporates through the expansion valve 36b to collect air heat from the atmosphere, forms heated ammonia gas by the heat collection, and returns to the compressor 31. .

The soil temperature due to underground heat stored in the ground is generally about 10 ° C at -5m from the ground surface depending on the properties of the soil, and high evaporation depending on the buried height of the heat collecting pipe. Since it can be evaporated at a temperature, the running cost can be reduced and energy can be saved.
In addition, although one Example of the embedding condition of the said snow melting pipe 32a and the heat sampling pipe 33a is shown in FIG. 9, the embedding depth of a heat sampling pipe shall be about 1-3 m, and it decided by the geological survey boring result. Yes.

  On the other hand, the boiler 40 attached to the heat pump 30 is configured to supply the heat to the air conditioner 42 via the heating brine heater 41. During heavy snowfall, when the power for melting snow is cut off (at the time of peak cut) ) Even when the air heat exchanger is defrosted, it is possible to switch to the snow-melting pipe 32a and supply hot heat for melting snow.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram of the generation of cooling air during the summer.
As shown in the figure, in this case, the stop valve 37a is closed, and the ammonia refrigerant as the working medium flows through the heat pump 30 in the arrow S direction via the cooling circuit 44b.
The underground heat exchanger 33 and the air heat exchanger 34 function as a condenser so that heat is released to the atmosphere via the air heat exchanger 34 and to the ground via the underground heat exchanger 33. The condensed ammonia refrigerant liquid is received by the receiver 38.
The received ammonia refrigerant liquid causes the snow melting brine heat exchanger 32 to function as an evaporator via the expansion valve 36a, and the generated cold heat is sent to the air conditioner 42 to be used for cooling. is there.
In this case, ammonia refrigerant is circulated in the heat pump 30, and cold heat is obtained from the brine heat exchanger 32 by heat radiation to the ground and the atmosphere via the air heat exchanger 34 and the underground heat exchanger 33. Yes.
In addition, the said heat collection pipe 33a heat-accumulates the radiant heat of the solar heat from the ground surface, and the heat of condensation of the high temperature ammonia gas via the said underground heat exchanger 33.

  8 and 9, as the indirect type using brine on the secondary side, the cooperation with the primary side is completely cut off, and the environment-friendly natural working medium ammonia refrigerant is used on the primary side. Since the heat cycle is configured as a self-contained type, accidents such as refrigerant leakage are minimized and the spread to other parts is prevented.

  Further, the heating tower 34 in FIGS. 8 and 9 is a brine indirect type with the intervention of the evaporator 34a, and the brine switching circuits 45a and 45b of the condenser (brine heat exchanger) 32 and the evaporator 34a are switched and operated. Since warm brine is introduced into the heating tower 34 to dissipate heat and defrost, the amount of ammonia refrigerant can be minimized, and complicated refrigerant piping is not required, so that the risk of accidents due to leakage can be further reduced.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the present invention. In this case, as shown in the figure, an ice bank 39 is provided in the brine heat exchanger 32, and the brine heat exchanger is a heat dedicated to melting snow. Used as an exchanger, the ice bank is used for an ice heat storage tank during cooling and a temperature heat storage tank for compressed sensible heat during snow melting, and a secondary side through a brine heater 41 provided on the output side of the boiler 40 Instead of the indirect heat exchange using brine, the air conditioner 42 is directly heat-exchanged for air-conditioning.
The storage of compressed sensible heat is achieved by providing an ice bank 39 on the discharge side of the compressor 31 and circulating hot water in the ice bank to store sensible heat.
For this reason, when the air heat exchanger (heating tower) 34 is defrosted, the ice heat storage operation cycle shown in FIG. 12 is used to cool the hot water in the ice bank 39 and disconnect the brine heat exchanger 32. It is switched to the line, and the snow melting environment can be maintained without cooling the brine in the snow melting pipe 32a.
On the other hand, it has excellent heat storage capacity and does not directly affect the refrigerator due to load fluctuations. By using the ice bank 39, the outer periphery of the cooling coil provided in the water tank of the ice bank is frozen at night, and the cooling heat is converted into ice. The heat is changed to be stored and melted according to the cooling load even when the heat pump is stopped during the daytime.
Condensation heat during ice storage operation in summer can be efficiently operated by recovering the decrease in underground temperature due to heat collection in winter by dissipating heat to the heat collection pipe 33a and setting the condensation temperature low.
Furthermore, in the snow melting operation in the winter, the heat stored in the ground in the summer is collected, so that the evaporation temperature can be set high and the operation can be performed with high efficiency.
Since the configuration other than the above is the same as that shown in FIGS.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Heating tower 11 Compressor 12 Sensible heat exchanger 13 Heat storage pipe 14 Condenser 15 Snow melting pipe 16, 36a, 36b Expansion valve 18 Brine supply path 20, 30 Heat pump 21 Road surface 22 Subbase 23 Ground 31 Compressor 32 Brine heat exchange Unit 32a Snow melting pipe 33 Ground heat exchanger 33a Heat collection pipe 34 Air heat exchanger 38 Receiver 39 Ice bank 40 Boiler 41 Brine heater 42 Air conditioner

Claims (8)

A heat pump is formed by the heating tower, underground heat exchanger, compressor, brine heat exchanger, expansion valve, and evaporation pressure control valve, which are the air heat exchangers installed in the winter or summer. In the snow melting or cooling system using geothermal and air heat, which uses heat pumps that operate respectively for melting snow or cooling,
At least in the winter, the ground heat exchanger that operates as an evaporator and the heating tower that is attached to the heat exchanger are used to heat the ground heat and air heat through the compressor that forms the heat pump. A snow melting or cooling system using geothermal / air heat, characterized in that it generates high-pressure refrigerant gas and generates heat for melting snow with a brine heat exchanger that operates as a condenser.   2. A snow melting or cooling system using geothermal heat and air heat according to claim 1, wherein a boiler is attached to the heat pump so that heating and snow melting heat cannot be supplied in winter and a large amount of snow falls. . The brine heat exchanger is combined with an ice bank for heat storage and combined as a compression sensible heat exchanger to store heat of compressed sensible heat in winter,
The snow melting or cooling system using geothermal / air heat according to claim 1, wherein the snow melting operation at the time of power-off, freezing prevention / preheating operation, and defrosting are adopted. In the snow melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat according to claim 1,
In summer, brine heat exchange that operates as an evaporator while dissipating the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas formed by the compressor from the underground heat exchanger that operates as a condenser and the heating tower that is attached to the heat exchanger. A snow melting or cooling system using geothermal / air heat, characterized in that it is configured to generate cooling heat with a cooler.   5. The use of underground heat and air heat according to claim 4, wherein the brine heat exchanger is provided with an ice bank for heat storage, and is used for cooling by supplying cold heat storage by the ice bank in summer. Snow melting or cooling system.   5. The snow-melting or cooling system using ground heat and air heat according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage pipe for heat collection connected to the underground heat exchanger is provided in a lower layer of the snow-melting pipe.   5. The geothermal heat / heat cycle according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is an indirect type using brine on the secondary side and a self-contained cold / heat cycle using a natural refrigerant on the primary side. Snow melting or cooling system using air heat. The heat pump is configured such that the heating tower is an indirect brine type, and is operated by switching between a brine heat exchanger (condenser) and an evaporator brine circuit,
The warm brine is introduced into the evaporator from the snow melting pipe and the heat collecting pipe via the switching valve group of the brine circuit, the low-temperature refrigerant gas is heated by the stored underground heat, and further pressurized through the compressor to the brine. The use of underground heat / air heat utilization according to claim 1 or 4, wherein warm brine is formed by a heat exchanger (condenser) and introduced into the heating tower for heat radiation defrosting. Snow melting or cooling system.

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