RU2508946C1 - Food raw material grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry, particularly, to grinding of vegetable- and animal-origin products. Proposed device comprises housing with inner hole, feed screw and cutting mechanism composed by multiple-blade knives fitted on said screw arranged in housing and grinding perforated grates alternating therewith. Said grates can reciprocate. Grinding grate holes are arranged at cutting angle of 60°?80° to the plane of its reciprocation. Two keys spaced apart diametrically are arranged in said housing. Mid and outlet grates have oval-shape central hole. The latter accommodates cylindrical insert to run jointly with said screw, fitted offset on and locked at screw shank. The entire mechanism is locked by lock nut. Housing inner cylindrical hole varies in stepwise manner at the mounting place of the last knife. Grinding grates feature diameter larger than that of the knives and inlet grate. Composite end seal abuts tightly on the stage and is made of antifriction material and consisting of the casing with holes and cylindrical ledges arranged at the side of grinding device housing attachment, and covers with rectangular ledges that double as a key to on the side of outlet grinding grate travel. Second composite nut seal is arranged at lock nut end configured as the first one. Mid seals with spring-loaded ball are arranged between end and nut seals, the ball being fitted to end seal casing.EFFECT: higher quality of finished product.8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the grinding of products of plant and animal origin and can be used in the food industry.

A device for grinding products is known, containing a feeding screw installed in the housing and a cutting mechanism in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw and alternating grids in an elastic sleeve with the possibility of radial displacement, connected through a rigid sleeve enclosing them with a vibration exciter [A.S. No. 719587, В02С 1/06, Bull. No. 22, publ. 06/15/90].

The known design has several significant disadvantages:

- the presence of creasing and grinding of the product;

- the absence of a sliding element during cutting due to the small amplitudes of the vibrations of the gratings;

- use of an additional drive for the vibrator.

A device for chopping meat is known, comprising a housing with a feeding screw and a cutting mechanism made in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw installed in the housing, and alternating grids, pressed by means of a tubular nozzle, while two diametrically spaced keys are installed in the housing, an intermediate or the intermediate and output grilles are made with a smaller outer diameter than the receiving one and a central oval-shaped hole in which the cylinder is rotatably disposed with the screw nical insert eccentrically planted by and fixed to the shank of the screw, all three lattice have two keyway [Patent 2187367 (Russian Federation), MKI V02S 18/30, apparatus for grinding meat / ST Antipov, S.V. Shakhov, S.S. Commissars. - Declared. 07/11/2001, No. 2001119224/03, publ. in BI No. 23, 2002].

The known design has several significant disadvantages:

- the inability to adjust the amplitude of the oscillations of the lattice;

- a constant hit of the product in the gap between the face of the lattice and the inner surface of the housing, and as a result, the mechanism is seized;

- instability of work;

- the need for frequent cleaning of the cutting head;

- the complexity of manufacturing the elements of the mechanism, especially the inner oval surface of the housing.

The technical essence of the closest to the proposed device for grinding food raw materials [Patent 93699 (Russian Federation), MKI B01D 27/00. A device for grinding food raw materials / O.G. Bereznev, S.V. Shakhov, A.N. Ryazanov V.N. Sharshov, D.A. Meshcheryakov, A.G. Kartavy, A.S. Shakhov. - Declared. 01/25/2010, No. 2010102176/22, publ. in BI No. 13, 2010], comprising a housing with a feeding screw and a cutting mechanism made in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw installed in the housing, alternating with them and installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement of grinding gratings with openings, and the holes of the output grinding lattice angled cut 60 ^{of about} -80 to the plane of its reciprocating movement, wherein the housing fitted two diametrically spaced splines, the intermediate and outlet grille provided with a central oval hole, which accommodates the rotatable together with the auger cylindrical insert eccentrically planted by and fixed to the shank of the screw.

A disadvantage of the known device is the high energy costs, increased vibration, low product quality and low reliability due to the fact that during the grinding process under the influence of the reciprocating movement of the lattice, particles of the crushed product fall between the friction surfaces, leading to an increase in the sliding friction coefficient and possible subsequent blocking reciprocating lattice movement.

The technical task is to increase the operating time of the device between cleaning, simplifying the manufacture of the mechanism and realizing the possibility of adjusting the amplitude of the vibrations of the lattice, reducing energy costs and vibration, improving the quality of the crushed product and the reliability of the device by replacing friction sliding friction surfaces with rolling friction.

This object is achieved in that in a device for grinding food raw materials containing a housing with an internal hole, equipped with a feeding screw and a cutting mechanism, made in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw installed in the housing, and alternating grinding gratings with holes installed with reciprocating motion, wherein the outlet openings of the lattice pulverizer angled cutting ^about 60 ... ^{80 °} to the plane of reciprocating movement in Korpu two diametrically spaced dowels are installed, the intermediate and output gratings are made with a central oval-shaped hole in which a cylindrical insert eccentrically mounted and fixed on the screw shaft is placed with the screw, and the whole mechanism is fixed with a clamping nut, new is that the inner hole of the body is cylindrical and changes stepwise at the installation site of the last knife, while the grinding grills have a larger diameter than the knives and the receiving p a prefabricated mechanical seal adjacent to the step, made of an anti-friction material, consisting of a housing with holes having cylindrical protrusions on the side of the attachment to the grinding device body, and a lid having rectangular protrusions acting as a dowel on the movement side of the output grinding grill, and at the end of the clamping nut there is a second assembly nut seal, the configuration coinciding with the first, with the exception of the absence of rectangular protrusions, and between the end and The primary seal has intermediate seals having spring-loaded balls on both sides that enter the openings of the mechanical seal housing.

The technical result consists in increasing the operating time of the device between cleaning, simplifying the manufacture of the mechanism and realizing the possibility of adjusting the amplitude of the vibrations of the lattice, reducing energy costs and vibration, improving the quality of the crushed product and the reliability of the device by replacing the sliding friction surfaces by rolling friction.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for grinding food raw materials, FIG. 2 is an assembly drawing and a three-dimensional model of the output lattice with a cylindrical insert; FIG. 3 - output grill, in FIG. 4 - a cylindrical insert, in FIG. 5 - mechanical seal; FIG. 6 - nut seal; FIG. 7 - seal cover; FIG. 8 is a diagram of a grinding mechanism.

The grinding device (Fig. 1) consists of a housing 1, the inner hole of which has a cylindrical shape, with a working screw 2 and a cutting mechanism made in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw 3. The knives alternate with grinding grills with holes, while the outlet holes grinding grill 4 (Fig. 3) are made at a cutting angle of 60 ^about ... 80 ^about to the plane of its reciprocating motion, and the intermediate 5 - at a cutting angle of 50 ^about ... 70 ^about . A cylindrical insert 6 is installed in front of the cutting mechanism in the housing 1. The output and intermediate grilles are made with an oval-shaped central hole in which cylindrical inserts 7 (Fig. 4) are eccentrically mounted and fastened to the auger shank 2 and mounted with the screw, and the whole mechanism is fixed with a clamping nut 8.

At the installation site of the first knife, where the internal diameter of the casing 1 changes stepwise, a prefabricated mechanical seal 9 (Fig. 5) is installed in the casing, made, like the other seals 10 and 11, of antifriction material.

The mechanical seal (Fig. 5) consists of a housing 12 with holes 13 (for example, 18 pcs.), In which balls 14 are mounted by means of springs 15 having four cylindrical protrusions 16 on the fastening side of the grinding device body, and a cover 17 having on the movement side of the output grinding grating, rectangular protrusions 18 that act as dowels and holes of smaller diameter 19 (for example, 18 pcs.) than in the seal housing 12.

An assembly nut seal 11 (Fig. 6) is also put on the end face of the clamping nut 8, which structurally coincides with the end one, i.e. consisting of a housing 20, a cover 21, springs 22, balls 23 and four cylindrical protrusions 24, but with the exception of the absence of rectangular protrusions and the presence of a clamping element for the cylindrical insert 7 (Fig. 4).

Prefabricated intermediate seals 10 differ from other seals in that the spring-loaded balls are located on both sides.

The device operates as follows.

The raw material enters the housing 1 of the device (Fig. 1) and when the feeding screw 2 is rotated, it is fed into the cutting mechanism, where, by pressing it into the holes of the grids 4, 5 and cutting the pressed pieces with knives 3, the raw material is crushed. At the same time, the output and intermediate grinding gratings 4, 5, having a larger diameter compared to the receiving and intermediate gratings, perform unhindered, thanks to the spring-loaded balls, reciprocating motion in the plane of rectangular protrusions 18, which act as a guide key, due to the grating installed in the central hole , eccentrically mounted and fixed on the rotating shank of the screw 2 of the cylindrical insert 6. As a result of the reciprocating movement of the lattice 5, a chip occurs cutting cutting together with knives 3, after which the chopped meat is unloaded (Fig. 8).

Thus, the proposed device for grinding products has the following advantages:

- increases the operating time of the device between cleaning;

- simplifies the manufacture of the mechanism;

- realizes the possibility of adjusting the amplitude of the oscillations of the lattice;

- reduced energy costs;

- vibration is reduced;

- improves the quality of the crushed product;

- increases the reliability of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for grinding food raw materials, comprising a housing with an internal hole, provided with a feeding screw and a cutting mechanism made in the form of multi-blade knives mounted on the screw installed in the housing, and alternating grinding gratings with holes installed with the possibility of reciprocating motion, the openings of the output grinding grate are made at a cutting angle of 60-80 ^о С to the plane of its reciprocating motion, also two diametrically spaced apart are installed in the housing the dowels, the intermediate and output grilles are made with a central oval-shaped hole in which a cylindrical insert eccentrically mounted and fixed on the screw shaft is rotatably mounted with the screw, and the whole mechanism is fixed with a clamping nut, characterized in that the inner hole of the housing is cylindrical and changes stepwise at the installation site of the last knife, while the grinding grills have a larger diameter than the knives and the receiving grill, and adjacent to the step adjoins a mechanical seal made of antifriction material, consisting of a housing with holes, having cylindrical protrusions on the side of the attachment to the grinding device body, and a cover having rectangular protrusions acting as a dowel on the movement side of the output grinding grill, and a second one is placed on the end face of the clamping nut prefabricated nut seal, the configuration coinciding with the first, except for the absence of rectangular protrusions, and between the mechanical and nut seal, are located intermediate e seal having a spring-loaded balls on both sides, entering into the holes of the mechanical seal housing.

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