RU2501285C1 - Low-lactose low-fat milk product for gerontological dietary alimentation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dairy industry. The low-lactose low-fat milk product for gerontological dietary alimentation contains the following initial components, wt %: defatted milk - 94.54-95.0, whey protein concentrate - 0.84-0.99, "Maxilact" enzyme - 0.0935-0.1035, inuline or "Lactumin" biologically active substance or "Kumelact" biologically active substance or "Lactofit" biologically active substance or "Lactoflex" biologically active substance or "Todicamp-Lact" biologically active substance - 0.85-3.2, mineral substance - 0.0919-0.1386, vitamins - 0.0074605-0.01141573, water - balance.

EFFECT: method ensures enhancement of the product biological and nutritive value, improvement of preventive properties and accessibility of the product.

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Description

The invention relates to the dairy industry, namely the production of liquid low-lactose dairy products for nutrition of the elderly.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed product is a milk drink for herodietic nutrition (RF patent No. 2182794, publ. 05/27/2002, Bull. No. 15), including milk, prebiotic lactulose, minerals, vitamins and water.

The disadvantage of this product is an insignificant content of whey proteins in the protein component, while they, in comparison with milk protein, are richer in essential amino acids (especially cystine and tryptophan), are easier to digest and absorb by the body. This accordingly reduces the biological value of the protein component of the product, which means the biological and nutritional value of the product itself, as well as its digestibility.

Due to the presence of lactose in milk, this product cannot be used by older people with lactase deficiency. This affects the preventive properties of the product and its digestibility.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the biological, nutritional value of the product, improving the prophylactic properties and digestibility of the product.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the low-lactose non-fat dairy product for herodietic nutrition contains skim milk, whey protein concentrate, Maxilact enzyme, inulin or Lactumin dietary supplement, or Kumelact dietary supplement, or Lactofit dietary supplement, or Lactoflex dietary supplement , or dietary supplement “Todicamp-Lact”, minerals, vitamins and water, with the following content of the starting components, wt.%:

Skim milk 94.54-95.0 Whey Protein Concentrate 0.84-0.99 Inulin or dietary supplement "Lactumin", or BAA "Kumelact", or BAA "Lacto- fit ", or dietary supplement" Lactoflex ", or BAA "Todicamp-Lact" 0.85-3.2 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.0935-0.1035 Minerals 0.0919-0.1386 Vitamins 0.0074605-0.01141573 Water Rest

The claimed technical result is achieved by a combination of the following factors.

The use of a whey protein concentrate (in the declared values) allows to increase the biological value of the protein component of the product (and therefore the biological and nutritional value of the product itself) by meeting the needs of the elderly in essential amino acids, and to improve the digestibility and digestibility of the product. Whey proteins in their biological value are significantly superior to cow's milk proteins, including due to the higher content of the essential amino acids cystine and tryptophan. The amino acid composition of whey proteins is closest to the amino acid composition of human muscle tissue, and in terms of the content of essential amino acids and branched chain amino acids (BCAAs): valine, leucine and isoleucine, they surpass all other proteins of animal and vegetable origin. According to scientific studies on the problem of gerodietetic nutrition, the most optimal ratio of casein to whey proteins in gerodietic foods is considered to be 60: 40-65: 35, which is also confirmed by good organoleptic characteristics. A decrease in the proportion of whey proteins below the declared values leads to a decrease in the digestibility of the product, a decrease in the amount of protein necessary for the elderly organism, and a decrease in the biological and nutritional value of the product. An increase in the proportion of whey proteins above the declared values leads to a deterioration in the organoleptic properties of the product and to its cost.

With age, older people (as a result of various diseases of the digestive system) often develop lactase deficiency (intolerance to milk sugar - lactose), leading to intolerance to milk - a valuable source of calcium, so necessary for people over 50 years old. Moreover, calcium is in a form that is easy to absorb by the human body. Refusal of milk can lead to a lack of calcium and the development of osteoporosis. This is a disease in which the bones become more fragile in older people and the risk of fractures increases. In the claimed product, lactose is hydrolyzed by 70-80% into simple sugars (glucose, galactose), which allows it to be used by older people suffering from lactase deficiency. This also indicates an improvement in the preventive properties and digestibility of the claimed product in comparison with the prototype. In the claimed invention, lactose is hydrolyzed using the enzyme preparation β-galactosidase - "Maxilact LG 2000" (hereinafter referred to as the enzyme "Maxilact"). The declared values of the enzyme "Maxilact" are selected taking into account the optimal mode of hydrolysis. A decrease in the amount of the enzyme below the claimed leads to an increase in the duration of hydrolysis, to an increase in extraneous microflora in the product, and to a deterioration in its organoleptic properties and storage capacity.

And an increase above the declared values leads to a deterioration in the organoleptic properties of the product and its cost.

The use of inulin (in the declared values) allows you to stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal microflora (bifidobacteria), which helps to prevent dysbiosis, improve the digestibility of this product, and maintain immunity. Inulin is great for a diabetic diet, as it does not affect blood glucose levels. Inulin significantly increases the level of absorption of calcium from food. Cleavage of inulin in the large intestine leads to the formation of an additional amount of short chain fatty acids and lactates, resulting in a significantly reduced pH. Most of the calcium in the large intestine is usually present as insoluble compounds. An increase in the acidity of the medium in the intestinal cavity leads to an increase in the solubility of calcium, and a larger amount becomes available for diffusion through the mucous membrane of the large intestine. Inulin also increases the absorption of magnesium and iron.

Alternative use of biologically active additives (BAA) “Lactumin” or BAA “Kumelakt” or BAA “Lactofit” or BAA “Lactoflex” or BAA “Todactamp-Lact” in the declared values allows enriching the product with biologically active substances in the form of honey extracts plant materials. This is Jerusalem artichoke, rich inulin, pumpkin, carrots, beets, walnuts, sprouted seeds of milk thistle, chickpea, pumpkin, as well as a mixture of herbs of calendula, dandelion, mint, licorice. All these extracts additionally contain lactulose (50%), malic or succinic acid, pumpkin and milk thistle oils. Due to the rich content of biologically active substances in the extracts, such as inulin, lactulose, fructose, glucose, essential oils, flavonoids, amino acids, vitamins, micro and macro elements of the claimed, the product has immunomodulating, antioxidant, general strengthening properties, helps to regulate metabolism, stimulates the development bifidoflora.

The mineral and vitamin composition of the claimed product meets the requirements for this class of products.

The claimed combination of features allows to obtain a low-lactose dairy product for herodietic nutrition with high biological, nutritional value, improved preventive properties and digestibility of the product.

Deviations to a greater or lesser extent from the declared values of all the indicated parameters of the composition of the product lead to a decrease in the nutritional and biological value of the claimed product, deterioration of the preventive properties and digestibility of the product.

A method of obtaining the claimed product is carried out, for example, as follows.

Raw milk is purified from mechanical impurities, subjected to thermization at a temperature of 68-72 ° C with a holding time of 16-20 s, cooled to a temperature of 2-6 ° C and sent to intermediate storage.

Vitamin C is dissolved in drinking water with a temperature of 10-20 ° C until an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of vitamin 2% is obtained and mixed for at least 15 minutes.

Folic acid (vitamin B) is dissolved in drinking water with a temperature of 10-20 ° C until an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of solids of 0.05% is obtained and mixed for at least 10 minutes.

Iron sulfate is dissolved in drinking water with a temperature of 10-20 ° C until a solution with a mass fraction of solids of 5% is obtained.

Zinc sulfate is dissolved in drinking water with a temperature of 10-20 ° C until a solution with a mass fraction of solids of 5% is obtained.

Potassium citrate is dissolved in drinking water at a temperature of 10-20 ° C to a mass fraction of solids of 25%.

Raw purified milk, preheated to a temperature of 40-44 ° C, is sent to a cream separator.

Skim milk is pasteurized at a temperature of 74-78 ° C with an exposure of 16-20 seconds. The whey protein and inulin concentrate after weighing is dissolved in skim milk at a temperature of 30-40 ° C with constant stirring.

To carry out the process of stabilization of whey proteins, an aqueous solution of potassium citrate is added to the resulting mixture and mixed thoroughly. The stabilization temperature is 8-12 ° C.

To obtain a low-lactose mixture, lactose is hydrolyzed with the enzyme preparation β-galactosidase "Maxilact LG 2000" (hereinafter referred to as the enzyme "Maxilact") as follows.

The enzyme preparation is introduced into a container with the mixture prepared above at a temperature of 8-12 ° C and lactose is hydrolyzed at the same temperature with constant stirring for 10-12 hours. The resulting low-lactose mixture is heated to a temperature of 65-75 ° C in order to inactivate the enzyme, then a solution of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E is introduced and sent for homogenization. Homogenization is carried out at a temperature of 65-75 ° C and a pressure of 13-17 MPa.

Prepared solutions of water-soluble vitamins and mineral salts, as well as dietary supplements Lactumin or dietary supplements Kumelact, dietary supplements Lactofit, or dietary supplements Lactoflex or dietary supplement Todicamp-Lact (instead of inulin) are added to the mixture obtained after homogenization. Mix thoroughly.

The resulting multicomponent mixture is sent to a pasteurization-cooling unit, where it is pasteurized, for example, at 74-78 ° C with a shutter speed of 20-30 seconds. Next, the finished product is cooled to a temperature of 38-42 ° C, stirred for at least 15 minutes, poured into consumer containers and stored at a temperature of 2-6 ° C.

Upon receipt of the claimed product using biologically active additives developed by the GNU Volga Research Institute of Production and Processing of Meat and Dairy Products of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

BAA "Lactumin" is a liquid from amber to dark brown in color with a characteristic taste and aroma of honey, which is intended for use with food as a source of lactulose, inulin and succinic acid (certificate of state registration No. 77 99 23 3 U 4231 5.08) . It has antioxidant, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, mildly tonic and restorative properties, stimulates the development of bifidoflora.

Kumelact dietary supplement is a composition of natural biologically active substances obtained by combining honey extract from germinated pumpkin seeds, lactulose concentrate and malic acid (certificate of state registration No. RU 77.99.11.003.E.001908.01.12). It has antioxidant, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal and general strengthening properties, activates intestinal motility, stimulates the secretion of digestive juices, inhibits the development of putrefactive processes in the large intestine, reduces the load on the liver and kidneys, and promotes the production of vitamins.

Dietary supplement "Lactofit" is a composition of natural biologically active substances obtained by combining honey extracts from Jerusalem artichoke, beets, carrots, pumpkins, germinated seeds of milk thistle, pumpkin, chickpeas in combination with lactulose, pumpkin and milk thistle oils, malic acid (certificate of state registration No. RU 77.99.11.003.E.001909.01.12). It has a hepaprotective, pronounced choleretic effect, immunostimulating and antioxidant properties, regulates metabolism, stimulates the development of bifidoflora, activates the secretory and motor functions of the intestinal tract, etc.

BAA "Lactoflex" is a composition of natural biologically active substances obtained by combining honey extracts from calendula, dandelion, mint, licorice, sprouted pumpkin seeds, chickpeas, milk thistle in combination with lactulose and succinic acid (certificate of state registration No. RU 77.99.11.003 .E.001907.01.12). It is used as a source of lactulose, inulin, succinic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamin E, essential oils. It has antioxidant, immunomodelling, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, antispasmodic, choleretic, antiseptic effect, mild tonic and restorative properties, regulates metabolism, stimulates the development of bifidoflora, normalizes intestinal function.

BAA “Todicamp-Lact” is a composition of natural biologically active substances obtained by combining honey extract from walnuts of milk-wax ripeness and lactulose (state registration certificate No. RU 77.99.11.003.E.001906.01.12). It is intended for use with food as a source of lactulose and polyphenolic substances.

Example 1. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 950 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.0 Inulin 16,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.984 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 2. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 950 Whey Protein Concentrate 8.4 Inulin 16,2 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.935 Potassium citrate 0.80 Iron sulfate 0.11 Zinc Sulfate 0,076 Vitamin C 0.10 Vitamin E 0.013 Vitamin sun 0,00035 Vitamin A 0,0008 Vitamin D 0,0000073 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 3. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 950 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.9 Inulin 15,5 The enzyme "Maxilact" 1,03 5 Potassium citrate 1,2 Iron sulfate 0,070 Zinc Sulfate 0,049 Vitamin C 0,065 Vitamin E 0.009 Vitamin sun 0,0002 Vitamin A 0,0004 Vitamin D 0.000005 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 4. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.0 BAA "Lactumin" 30,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.984 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 5. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 8.4 BAA "Kumelact" 32,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.935 Potassium citrate 0.80 Iron sulfate 0.11 Zinc Sulfate 0,076 Vitamin C 0.10 Vitamin E 0.013 Vitamin sun 0,00035 Vitamin A 0,0008 Vitamin D 0,0000073 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 6. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.9 BAA "Lactofit" 27.0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 1,035 Potassium citrate 1,2 Iron sulfate 0,070 Zinc Sulfate 0,049 Vitamin C 0,065 Vitamin E 0.009 Vitamin sun 0,0002 Vitamin A 0,0004 Vitamin D 0.000005 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 7. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.0 BAA "Todicamp-Lact" 10.0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.984 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 8. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 8.4 BAA "Todicamp-Lact" 8.5 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.935 Potassium citrate 0.80 Iron sulfate 0.11 Zinc Sulfate 0,076 Vitamin C 0.10 Vitamin E 0.013 Vitamin sun 0,00035 Vitamin A 0,0008 Vitamin D 0,0000073 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 9. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.9 BAA "Todicamp-Lact" 12.5 The enzyme "Maxilact" 1,035 Potassium citrate 1,2 Iron sulfate 0,070 Zinc Sulfate 0,049 Vitamin C 0,065 Vitamin E 0.009 Vitamin sun 0,0002 Vitamin A 0,0004 Vitamin D 0.000005 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

Example 10. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 945.4 Whey Protein Concentrate 9.0 BAA "Lactoflex" 30,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.984 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

The dairy product obtained according to examples 1-3 is a homogeneous opaque liquid, without protein flakes and whipped lumps of fat. Taste and smell - clean, sweetish, inherent in products with hydrolyzed lactose. White colour.

The dairy product obtained according to examples 4-10 is a homogeneous opaque liquid, without protein flakes and whipped lumps of fat. Taste and smell with a specific, slightly tangible flavor of the additive, moderately sweet. The color is white with a cream shade, or cream.

To ensure the daily needs of the elderly in vitamins, micro and macro elements, plant fibers, biologically active substances, the recommended dose of the product is 250-500 ml per day.

The inventive product has the following physico-chemical characteristics:

Mass fraction of fat,%, no more 0.1 Mass fraction of protein,% 3.4-3.6 Mass fraction of solids,%, not less 10.0 Mass fraction of lactose,% 0.9 -1.4 Mass fraction of inulin,%, not less than 1,5

or

Mass fraction of lactulose,%, not less than 0.5 Active acidity, pH 6.65-6.35

Mass concentration of minerals, mg / l:

Potassium 1700-2100 Gland 15-23 Zinc 14-20

 Mass concentration of introduced vitamins, mg / l:

BUT 0.3-0.7 D 0.005-0.007 FROM 45-65 E 8-12 Sun 0.2-0.3 Energy value, kcal 39-40

Example 11. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 930 Whey Protein Concentrate 7.4 Inulin 16,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.960 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

The product obtained according to example 11 does not contain enough total protein (3.3%), which does not meet the needs of the body of an elderly person. This product is undesirable to eat.

Example 12. To obtain 1000 kg of low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Skim milk 950 Whey Protein Concentrate 11.5 Inulin 16,0 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.988 Potassium citrate 1,0 Iron sulfate 0,090 Zinc Sulfate 0,060 Vitamin C 0,090 Vitamin E 0.011 Vitamin sun 0,0003 Vitamin A 0,0006 Vitamin D 0.0000063 Water The rest is up to 1000 kg

The product obtained according to example 12 contains an increased amount of total protein (3.75%), which increases the load on the kidneys of an elderly person. This product is undesirable to eat.

The inventive low-lactose dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition contains 0.9-1.4% of lactose, while in milk it is 4.7%. The product is enriched with whey proteins, as they are rich in essential amino acids and are easier to digest than cow's milk protein. The proportion of whey proteins in the product is 35-37% of the total protein, while in ordinary milk it is 20%. The product helps to optimize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, enhances the protective functions of the body, increases the level of calcium absorption, which is extremely important for bone strength. The product, enriched with biologically active substances in the form of honey extracts of plant materials, has immunomodulating, antioxidant, general strengthening properties, regulates metabolism, and stimulates the development of bifidoflora.

The inventive product allows you to expand the range of low-lactose products for gerodietetic nutrition. It can be recommended (when used in the component composition of inulin) for elderly people suffering from diabetes mellitus, as well as for patients suffering from overweight.

The resulting product can also be recommended for other categories of the adult population, especially those who suffer from intolerance to milk sugar - lactose.

Claims (1)

Low-lactose non-fat dairy product for gerodietetic nutrition, characterized in that it contains skim milk, whey protein concentrate, Maxilact enzyme, inulin or Lactumin dietary supplement, or Kumelact dietary supplement, or Lactofit dietary supplement, or Lactoflex dietary supplement , or dietary supplement “Todicamp-Lact”, minerals, vitamins and water, with the following content of the starting components, wt.%:
Skim milk 94.54-95.0 Whey Protein Concentrate 0.84-0.99 Inulin or dietary supplement "Lactumin", or BAA "Kumelact", or BAA "Lactofit", or dietary supplement "Lactoflex", or BAA "Todicamp-Lact" 0.85-3.2 The enzyme "Maxilact" 0.0935-0.1035 Minerals 0.0919-0.1386 Vitamins 0.0074605-0.01141573 Water Rest