RU2491832C2 - Fodder additive for farm animals and birds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular, to a fodder additive for farm animals and birds. The fodder additive for farm animals and birds based on vegetal raw material obtained after industrial processing of cereals is introduced into the ration daily in the form of whole rye germs as part of feedstuff n a quantity of 3.5-5.5% of the feedstuff weight with quill chickens during the growing and in a quantity of 1.5-4.5% of the feedstuff weight with sucking and weaned piglets. The vegetal raw material represents rye germs containing crude protein - 26.77%, crude fat -10.86%, crude fibre - 3.12%, calcium - 0.117%, phosphorus - 0.973% and lysine - 0.83%, as well as the following vitamins, mg/kg: E - 41.28, B1 - 4.13, B2 - 1.24, B3 - 20.31, B5 - 69.25.

EFFECT: this invention usage will enable increased efficiency of young farm animals and birds growing with high survival rate and increase of daily weight gain.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, more specifically to the production of feed additives from waste from the food industry, flour and cereal production, and can be used, in particular, in the form of biologically active feed additives for young farm animals and poultry.

Known feed additive for pigs - "Germivit" in the form of flour obtained from skim flakes of wheat germ (RF patent for the invention No. 2305413). When piglets-suckers were introduced into the diet from 7 days of age in the amount of 5-10 g per head per day, they exceeded the control in average daily growth by 11.1%. However, data on feed consumption for growth and preservation are not presented.

Known bioactive drug for feeding farm animals and poultry (RF patent for the invention No. 2238133), which is a cake of wheat germ. When feeding the drug to 1-7-day-old chickens daily, 0.7-1.5% by weight of feed, piglets-suckers - 5-10 g per head, an increase in productive indicators, faster adaptation when changing the feed, improved safety.

A known method of feeding farm animals and poultry, including adding according to the scheme in the main diet flour from wheat germ (RF patent for the invention No. 2348169). When growing broiler chickens, from 0.5 to 27.0% of flour from wheat germ is added to the main diet. As a result, the growth efficiency and safety of broiler chickens increases by 6.75-7.00%, respectively, and by 3.0% from broiler chickens increases by 6.75-7.00%, and 3.0%, respectively, with improved conversion feed an average of 6.13%. The addition of this additive to the diet of suckling pigs and dairy calves from 0.5 to 25.0% contributed to an increase in average daily growth of 10.07 and 32.22% by the age of 60 days, with better preservation compared to the control that did not receive flour from wheat germ. The disadvantage of this method is the high percentage of input additives - up to 25.0-27.0% of the composition of the feed, which is economically disadvantageous.

As a prototype, we took the results of research by Alekseeva Z.N. (dissertation "Activation of grain production waste as a way to increase their biological and nutritional value" in 2011) on the use of rye embryos with activated feed from grain production waste in the diets of musky ducks from 35 days of age for 35 days. Rye embryos were included in the feed in the amount of 2.5% by weight of the grain component as a biologically active feed additive. As a result, duck productivity increased by 26.94% with 100% preservation. However, the author is not sure that the effect was achieved only by adding flour from rye embryos, and not from activated grain waste.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of feed additives for young farm animals and poultry, contributing to an increase in the efficiency of growing young farm animals and poultry with high safety with an increase in daily gain and improved feed conversion.

To solve this problem, a feed additive based on vegetable raw materials obtained after industrial processing of rye grain into flour at the flour milling enterprise of Avangard MAO, Novosibirsk Region, in the form of a by-product of rye embryos with a content in% of: crude protein - 26.77; crude fat - 10.86; crude fiber - 3.12; calcium - 0.117; phosphorus - 0.973 and lysine - 0.83; vitamins in mg / kg: E - 41.28; B1 - 4.13; B2 - 1.24; B3 - 20.31; B5 - 69.25, which is introduced into the main diet of farm animals and poultry daily in the form of: whole rye embryos - into the composition of compound feed for quail chickens during the growing period in the amount of 3.5-5.5% by weight of the compound feed; flour from rye embryos - to suckling pigs and weaners - 1.5-4.5% of the feed mass.

When comparing the amino acid composition of the total protein of the rye and wheat germ, it is necessary to note the high content of lysine in the rye protein - 7.2% versus 5.6%, phenylalanine - 4.71% versus 3.8% in wheat.

The rye germ also contains many biologically active substances, so in terms of the content of vitamins B2 and B it significantly exceeds the grain of wheat.

Compared with the nutritional value of milk proteins, the nutritional value of rye grain proteins is 83%, and that of wheat is only 41%.

The rye germ with the traditional technology of rye grinding gets into grain waste and is lost with them. According to the technology of the applicant, the waste is processed by sieve and air separation with the release of small and large germ, which is used for its intended purpose, in particular for fodder purposes - whole or in the form of flour [5].

The use of flour from embryos and rye embryos in addition to the main diet for feeding young farm animals and poultry can significantly reduce the amount of added additive by setting it at the level of 1.5-4.5%, which can significantly reduce feed costs, increase feed efficiency when increase in daily gain and preservation of young animals.

The following are examples of feeding young farm animals and poultry with the addition of rye embryos or products of their processing, for example, rye germ flour, to the main diet.

Example 1. The experiment was conducted on a pedigree quail farm GNU SibNIIZH on quail Japanese breed. Two groups of quail were formed, each of 50 animals each, experimental and control. The experimental group during the growing period (from day old to 60 days) received a diet with daily addition of rye embryos in their entire form - 1.5-3.5% by weight of a balanced compound feed. The control group received the main diet without the addition of rye germ. The results obtained during the experiment are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Indicator Group control experienced Preservation,% 87 89 Daily live weight, g 8.01 ± 0.07 8.03 ± 0.10 Live weight at the age of 30 days, g 125.11 ± 1.22 129.49 ± 1.17 Live weight at the age of 60 days, g 180.52 ± 2.75 187.74 ± 2.45 The gain in live weight in 60 days, g absolute 172.51 ± 2.54 179.71 ± 2.03 average daily 2.88 ± 0.04 3.00 ± 0.05 in% of control one hundred 104.17 The cost of feed per 1 g of growth, g 2.96 2.89 in% of control one hundred 97.64

Example 2. The experiment was conducted there on quail chickens of the Japanese breed with an increase in the rate of introduction of rye embryos. Two groups of one-day-old chickens were formed, control and experimental, with 100 animals each. The experimental group during the growing period (starting from the daily age and up to 60 days) received a diet with daily addition of rye embryos in their entire form - 3.5-5.5% by weight of balanced mixed feed. The control group received the main diet without the addition of rye germ. The results obtained during the experiment are presented in table 2.

table 2 Indicator Group control experienced Preservation,% 86 94 Daily live weight, g 8.04 ± 0.09 8.08 ± 0.11 Live weight at the age of 30 days, g 129.16 ± 1.34 137.15 = S, 44 Live weight at the age of 60 days, g 190.42 ± 2.65 202.28 ± 3.15 The gain in live weight in 60 days, g absolute 182.38 ± 2.54 194.20 ± 3.03 average daily 3.09 ± 0.04 3.29 ± 0.05 in% of control one hundred 106.47 The cost of feed per 1 g of growth, g 2.86 2,57 in% of control one hundred 89.86

With a higher level of rye embryos in the compound feed, the safety of quail by 2 months of age increased to 94% with a more effective effect on feed productivity and conversion: an increase in average daily growth by 6.47% with a decrease in feed costs by 10.14%.

Example 3. The experiment was carried out in OJSC “Plemzavod“ Borovskoye ”of the Novosibirsk region, Novosibirsk region on piglets-suckers of large white breed from 5 days of age with weaning at 51 days of age and with 10-day post-weaning exposure of piglets in the uterine body. In each group, 3 analog sows with the same productivity and number of piglets (30 animals each) were selected. In the experimental groups, 1.5-3.0% and 3.0-4.5% of rye germ flour, respectively, were added to the main diet, consisting of SK-4 compound feed, daily from the mass of compound feed. The results are presented in table.3.

Table 3 Indicators Group control experienced I experienced II Live weight at birth, kg 1.50 ± 0.25 1.49 ± 0.16 1,50 ± 0,17 Live weight at weaning 51 days, kg 13.30 ± 0.28 14.20 ± 0.51 14.60 ± 0.60 Live weight in 10 days. after weaning, kg 15,80 ± 0,37 17.60 ± 0.78 17.40 ± 0.60 % of control 100.0 111.4 110.1 Average daily gain on average per experience, g 243 ± 3.04 272 ± 2.49 269 ± 4.41 % of control 100.0 111.9 110.7 The cost of feed for the growth of 1 kg of live weight, feed. 1.36 1.35 1.25 % of control one hundred 99.26 91.91 Preservation,% 100.0 100.0 100.0

According to the indicators of Table 3, in the experimental groups, a similar effect of the addition of flour from rye embryos on the productive indicators of suckling piglets both during suction and post-weaning was obtained - an increase of 10.1-11.1% compared with the control 100% safety in all groups. However, the best feed conversion was observed only in the group with a higher level of supplementation.

Information sources

(1) I.M. Donnik, I.A. Shkuratova, A.D. Shusharin and others. Feed additive and method for feeding pigs using this additive. - RF patent No. 2305413. - announced on 09.20.2005; published on October 10, 2007.

(2) V.K. Trofimov, G.G. Trofimova. Bioactive drug for feeding farm animals and poultry and method of feeding it. - RF patent №2328133. - Claimed 06.30.2006; published on October 7, 2008.

(3) V.K. Trofimov, G.G. Trofimova. The method of feeding farm animals and poultry. - RF patent No. 2348169. - announced on 10/10/2008; published on March 10, 2009. - prototype.

(4) Alekseeva Zinaida Nikolaevna. Activation of grain production waste as a way to increase their biological and nutritional value: dis. ... d. sciences / Krasnoyarsk, 2011 .-- 300 p.

(5) A.P. Chirkin, V.A. Scriabin. The technology of selection of rye germ in flour mills. Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific-Practical Conference “Food. Ecology. Quality. ”, 2010

(6) E.D. Kazakov, V.L. Kretovich. Biochemistry of grain and products of its processing. Moscow VO Agropromizdat, 1989

Claims (1)

Feed additive for livestock and poultry based on plant materials obtained after industrial processing of cereals, characterized in that the plant material is rye embryos with a crude protein content of 26.77%, crude fat 10.86%, crude fiber 3.12% , calcium 0.117%, phosphorus 0.973% and lysine 0.83%, vitamins, mg / kg: E 41.28, B1 4.13, B2 1.24, B3 20.31, B5 69.25 and is introduced into the diet daily in the form of whole germ of rye in the composition of feed for quail chickens during the growing period in the amount of 3.5-5.5% by weight of the feed, and piglets - Osun and piglets - in the form of flour in an amount of 1.5-4.5% by weight of the feed.