RU2473201C2 - Method of maize cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to crop husbandry and can be used in intensive maize cultivation. The method of maize cultivation includes application of fertilisers and herbicides. Before the emerging crops the herbicide mixture "Merlin" and "Torfy" is applied at the rate of 0.08 kg/ha and 1.25 l/ha. In the phase of 3-5 leaves the plants are fed with a mixture brexyl-zinc in a dose of 0.15-0.25 kg/ha, "Kristalon" 2.5-3 kg/ha and carbamide with the rate of 5-6 kg/ha.

EFFECT: method improves the productivity and quality of maize.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to crop production, and may find application in intensive cultivation of corn.

A known method of cultivating corn, in which the preparation of seeds for sowing, application of herbicides, inter-row cultivation, protection of crops from weeds and other agricultural methods is carried out (patent No. 2299538, published 06.27.2007. IPC A01B 79/02).

The disadvantage of this method is that the herbicides are applied only to the protective zone, followed by the processing of the aisles with slimez, a new device.

Also, in the known technical solution, in the initial periods of growth, the crops are not fed, which reduces the qualitative and quantitative indicators of corn during the ripening of seeds.

The closest technical solution is the method in which the pre-sowing treatment of seeds, the application of fertilizers and herbicides is carried out (patent No. 2012182, published June 16, 1994. IPC A01C 21/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that when growing crops, high doses of fertilizers are applied in the steam field, which negatively affects the microflora of the soil and at the same time stimulates the growth of weeds.

The technical result is an increase in the productivity and quality of corn.

The technical solution consists in the fact that before germination, a mixture of herbicides - “Merlin” and “trophy” is applied at a rate of 0.08 kg / ha and 1.25 l / ha, and in the phase of 3-5 leaves, foliar application of plants with a mixture of Brexil- zinc in a dose of 0.15-0.25 kg / ha, “crystal” - 2.5-3 kg / ha and urea at a rate of 5-6 kg / ha.

The method is as follows.

Merlin herbicide is used in the fight against dicotyledonous and cereal weeds, ensuring their death before emergence of corn.

Trophy herbicide is a pre-emergence soil herbicide that destroys annual and perennial weeds. The synergism of two types of herbicides in half dose ensures the destruction of weeds of various biological groups.

After 5-10 days, after the formation of 3-5 leaves of the cultivated crop - corn, they are fed with a mixture of brexil-zinc, "crystal" and urea.

Such top dressing with a mixture of 3 components causes an increase in the development of the root system, which helps to improve the drought tolerance of plants. In particular, the physiological role of Brexil zinc in plant life is of great importance, as it provides the formation of many enzymes involved in the respiration process. Zinc enhances the action of crystalline and urea containing nitrogen compounds, regulating their entry into the plant and root system. Taking an active role in the metabolism of plants in a mixture with introduced elements, zinc also contributes to the absorption of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in the soil solution.

In the absence of zinc, inhibition of protein synthesis in plants and a violation of the formation of tryptophan and other amino acids occur.

The rationale for the selected doses and the method of fertilizing the mixture is explained by their interaction and the peculiarity of their accumulation in plants and in the soil.

An example, more specifically. A mixture of herbicides - “Merlin” and “trophy” in the amounts of 0.08 kg / ha and 1.25 l / ha was made after sowing the corn before emergence.

After emergence, in the phase of 3-5 leaves, the crops were sprayed with a mixture of Brexil-zinc in an amount of 0.2 kg / ha, “crystal” - 2.5 kg, urea - 5-6 kg. All substances were dissolved in water at a rate of 400 l / ha. The results of the experiments are summarized in table.

Harvest and quality of corn grain Options Grain Harvest (t / ha) % to control Protein content (%) The control 5.2 - 8.6 Herbicide application 6.4 123.1 9.2 Top dressing phase in 3-5 leaves 6.8 130.8 9.6 The proposed method 7.2 138.5 10.6

Consequently, the complex chemicalization of corn crops provides an increase in grain yield by 38.5% and a protein content in grain by 2%.

Claims (1)

A method of cultivating corn, including the application of fertilizers and herbicides, characterized in that before germination of the crop, a mixture of the Merlin and Torfi herbicides is applied at the rate of 0.08 kg / ha and 1.25 l / ha, and in the phase of 3-5 leaves they feed plants with a mixture of brexil-zinc at a dose of 0.15-0.25 kg / ha, Kristalon 2.5-3 kg / ha and urea with a norm of 5-6 kg / ha.