RU2472731C1 - Polyadobe-ps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of building materials and structures.The building material contains clay as binder and filler in form of granules of foam polystyrene, fibre and sand, with the following ratio of components per 1 m³ of material: clay - 200-800 kg, foam polystyrene granules - 10-30 kg, fibre - 0.5-2 kg, sand - 0-600 kg, water - based on requirements for workability of the material.

EFFECT: improved thermal and mechanical properties of adobe.

Description

The prior art:

The closest analogue of the invention is a construction adobe based on clay binder and organic filler. In adobe, chopped straw, bonfire, chaff and other fibrous fillers are used as an organic filler. Organic fiber filler reduces the coefficient of thermal conductivity of adobe, and also increases its mechanical strength. However, further improvement in the characteristics of adobe as a building material is constrained by the use of organic fillers in it.

Disclosure of invention

Building material "Polysaman-PS" contains clay as a binder, and as a filler - polystyrene granules, fiber and sand with the following ratio of components per 1 m ^{3 of} material:

Clay - 200-800 kg Polystyrene foam granule - 10-30 kg Fiberglass - 0.5-2 kg Sand - 0-600 kg Water - based on the requirements of workability material

The technical result of the invention is to increase the thermomechanical properties of adobe, as well as to reduce the setting time of the mixture by reducing the required amount of mixing water. The technical result is achieved by replacing the organic filler with polystyrene granules and the introduction of fiber. The use of expanded polystyrene granules reduces the coefficient of thermal conductivity, and the introduction of fiber fibers reduces cracking during shrinkage and increases the mechanical properties of the material. Due to the fact that, unlike organic fillers, expanded polystyrene granules do not have the property of moisture absorption and also occupy a significant volume of the mixture, mixing water consumption is reduced, as a result of which the setting time of the mixture is reduced.

The implementation of the invention

Building material “Polysaman-PS” is intended for use in construction as a wall and heat-insulating material. As a heat-insulating material, Polysaman-PS can be used for floor screeds, pouring interlining wall space, filling joints, warming the inner surface of walling by pouring between the wall and formwork, made, for example, from gypsum plasterboard, gypsum board or other moisture-permeable material, up to the use of a fine-mesh metal or plastic mesh, as well as any woven material. The composition of the mixture used as a heat-insulating material at a density of 200 kg / m ³ can be as follows:

Clay - 185 kg Polystyrene foam granule - 14 kg Fiberglass - 1 kg Water - based on the requirements of workability material

With this composition of the mixture, the free space between the granules of the polystyrene matrix is not filled completely and the mixture has a porous structure. This mixture is not prone to shrinkage, so sand is not added to compensate for shrinkage. Water is added based on the specific application conditions and workability requirements of the mixture. To reduce the setting time, as well as plasticize the mixture, it is recommended to reduce the required amount of mixing water by using electrolytes in the form of soda ash or water glass, air-entraining additives, as well as superplasticizers based on naphthalene-formaldehyde polycondensates, hyperplasticizers based on polycarboxylate esters compatible with ceramic compounds .

“Polysaman-PS” as a wall material when used under a load-bearing wall should have a density of at least 450-600 kg / m ³ . The composition of the mixture at a density of 600 kg / m ³ can be as follows:

Clay - 200 kg Polystyrene foam granule - 14 kg Fiberglass - 1 kg Sand - 385 kg Water - based on the requirements of workability material

With this composition of the mixture, the free space between the granules of the polystyrene matrix is completely filled and the mixture has a monolithic structure. This mixture is prone to shrinkage depending on the type of clay used: “oily” clay sits more, “skinny” clay sits less. To compensate for shrinkage, sand is introduced into the mixture on the basis of clay content, and with certain qualities of clay, sand may not be added at all. Water is added based on the specific application conditions and workability requirements of the mixture. To reduce the setting time, as well as plasticize the mixture, it is recommended to reduce the required amount of mixing water by using electrolytes in the form of soda ash or water glass, air-entraining additives, as well as superplasticizers based on naphthalene-formaldehyde polycondensates, hyperplasticizers based on polycarboxylate esters compatible with ceramic compounds .

Polisaman-PS construction material can be made directly at construction sites, concrete products factories, brick factories or clay quarries as a mass for pouring into formwork or for installing screeds, as well as for manufacturing finished products (brick, block), by vibrocompressing or pouring the mixture into special formwork followed by natural or special non-autoclave drying.

Claims (1)

Building material containing clay as a binder and filler, characterized in that polystyrene granules, fiberglass and sand are used as filler in the following ratio of components per 1 m ^{3 of} material:
Clay 200-800 kg Polystyrene foam granule 10-30 kg Fiberglass 0.5-2 kg Sand 0-600 kg Water based on the requirements of workability material