RU2471350C1 - Insecticidal-fungicidal composition and methods of fighting pests and diseases of cruciferous crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: inventions relate to agriculture. Composition includes insecticide APACHE - clothianidin, fungicide INFINITO - fluopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride, MiBAC - microelement biologically active composition, SILK (50 g/l) - immunostimulator and regulator of plant growth with the following component ratio, wt %: APACHE 4.0-6.7; INFINITO 2.7-5.3; MiBAC 13.3-20.0; SILK 0.7-2.0; WATER - the remaining part Composition is used in dose 15.0 l/t of seeds.

EFFECT: inventions make it possible to increase yield of cruciferous crops.

2 cl, 5 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to chemical plant protection products from pests and diseases, for example, from cruciferous fleas, Fusarium, and can be used to treat seeds of winter and spring rape, Sarepta mustard before sowing.

In determining the prior art used publicly available information provided in all known sources of information.

Known insecticidal agents for sunflower according to the patents of the Russian Federation No. 2063689 and No. 2116029, which are multicomponent mixtures, including hard-to-reach foreign preparations that make these agents expensive.

It is known to use a cruiser, SC against a complex of seedling pests for treating seeds of sugar beets and sunflowers. The drug is very expensive to use, with a high consumption rate of 10-14 l / t and does not additionally have fungicidal properties.

The drug for the treatment of chinook rape seeds, SC (200 g / l) against cruciferous fleas based on imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin (LD ₅₀ = 50 mg / kg) is approved for use. Its consumption rates (up to 20 l / t) and high toxicity require the use of special hermetic seed treatment plants. The above facts, as well as inaccessibility and high cost, limit its use.

For the treatment of rapeseed against cruciferous fleas, the drug furadan (LD ₅₀ = 5 mg / kg), which is highly toxic and can only be used with special hermetic processing plants, is also included in the list of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation seeds, which are practically absent in collective and farms. In this regard, the use of these drugs in our country is extremely limited.

Closest to the claimed group of inventions (prototypes) are the known INSECTICIDO-FUNGICID COMPOSITION and METHOD FOR COMBATING PESTS AND DISEASES OF C / C CULTURES (RF patent No. 2402215, by application No. 2009123795 dated 06.22.2009, published October 27, 2010), which used to combat soil-borne pests in order to increase the yield of agricultural crops, in particular cruciferous, by processing their seeds. The composition contains the fungicide TMTD, 34.6-41.6 wt.%, The insecticide DIAZINON, 11.7-25.0 wt.%, MiBAS - microelement biologically active composition, 22.5-25.0 wt.%, SILK - growth stimulator of plant development, 0.75-0.83 wt.% and water - the rest, which is treated with seeds at a dose of 12-15 l / t.

A disadvantage of the known inventions is the lack of effectiveness in protecting seedlings of cruciferous crops from pests and diseases, because DIAZINON is a contact insecticide and therefore does not provide reliable and long-term protection of rapeseed seedlings from cruciferous fleas, and the TMTD fungicide is not effective enough to disinfect rapeseed from the infectious onset of the causative agent of fusariosis. In addition, to prepare the known composition, relatively large dosages of insecticide and fungicide are taken to treat 1 ton of seeds, which is not economically efficient.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the yield of seeds of cruciferous crops and expanding the range of products for combating soil-borne pests, in particular cruciferous flea, and diseases, in particular fusarium, of these crops.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of protection of seedlings of cruciferous crops from pests - cruciferous flea and disease - Fusarium, increase the reliability and duration of the composition, reduce the cost of the composition and its toxic effect on seeds through the use of a much smaller amount by weight of insecticidal and fungicidal components.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the claimed insecticidal-fungicidal composition for presowing treatment of seeds, including insecticide, fungicide, MiBAS - microelement biologically active composition, SILK - plant growth and development stimulator and water, according to the invention contains clotianidin (APACHI) as an insecticide, the quality of the fungicide is fluopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride (INFINITO) in the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Apachi 4.0-6.7 INFINITO 2.7-5.3 MiBAS 13.3-20.0 SILK 0.7-2.0 water rest

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that in the claimed method of controlling pests of cruciferous crops by pre-sowing seed treatment with a composition comprising an insecticide, fungicide, MiBAS - a microelement biologically active composition, SILK - a plant growth stimulator and water, according to the invention, the composition according to p .1 claims at a dose of 15.0 l / t seed.

A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solutions with the prototype allows us to conclude that the claimed group of inventions differs from the prototype in the qualitative composition of the components: it contains APACHI and INFINITO as an insecticide and fungicide, respectively. Thus, the claimed technical solutions meet the patentability criterion of "novelty."

Studying the state of the art in the process of conducting a patent search on all types of information publicly available in the press, we found that the claimed technical solutions: insecticidal-fungicidal composition and method of controlling pests and diseases of cruciferous crops for a specialist do not explicitly follow from the currently existing level technicians. Ingredients: APACHI insecticide (triple action drug: contact, intestinal and translaminar) and INFINITO fungicide (drug translaminar, antisporulant action, intensively reducing the development of internal and surface mycoflora of seeds) in a certain ratio with MiBAS and SILK and a certain rate of composition consumption when processing it seeds create a high protective effect of the composition against cruciferous fleas and fusarium. The use of other insecticides and fungicides than in the prototype, the claimed ratios of the components and the dose of the claimed composition were identified by our studies, which allowed us to use insecticidal and fungicidal components in the claimed composition in a much smaller quantity, which reduces their toxic effect on seeds with a more effective protection of shoots of cruciferous crops from cruciferous fleas and fusarium. Therefore, we can conclude that the group of claimed inventions meets the patentability criterion of "Inventive step".

The claimed technical solutions meet the patentability criterion of "Industrial applicability", because can be used in agriculture. Moreover, below will be described the means and methods by which it is possible to implement the claimed inventions in the form in which they are described in the claims.

For experimental verification of the group of claimed inventions, mixtures of components according to the claimed composition for seed treatment were prepared. They tested different quantitative composition of components and different consumption rates of the claimed composition: less than the declared minimum, minimum, average, maximum and higher than the declared maximum. The necessary and sufficient effect from the use of the composition was noted with the claimed ratios of the components (from minimum to maximum) and the claimed consumption rate of the composition. Mixtures of components according to the prototype and the standard were also prepared. As an example, the preparation of the claimed composition with the recommended maximum ratio of components and the claimed consumption rate is given. A "basic" solution was prepared - a mixture consisting of 1.0 kg Apache, VDG (500 g / kg), 0.8 L infinito, KS (62.5 + 625 g / l), 3.0 L MiBAS and 0, 3 l of silka (50 g / l). 9.9 L of water was added to the “base” solution. Furadan, TPS (350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) were used as a reference. Control - without seed treatment.

Example 1. The composition was prepared in the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Apachi 6.7 INFINITO 5.3 MiBAS 20,0 SILK 2.0 water rest

Example 2. The obtained working solution of an insecticidal-fungicidal composition was treated with rapeseed in a grain dressing machine at the rate of 15.0 l / t of seeds. The processing and unloading of 1 bag of seeds (30 kg) from the machine is 45 s.

The claimed inventions were tested at the central experimental base of VNIIMK, Krasnodar, and under the conditions of OCX “Berezanskoye” of the Korenovsky district of the Krasnodar Territory (each variant of the experiment occupied an area of 1 ha), in the zone of active operation of cruciferous fleas with a population density of 5-6 copies per linear meter meter, which is above the economic threshold of harmfulness. The prevalence of fusarium in this area is high and amounts to 25.0-60.0%. Before sowing, rapeseed seeds were treated with the claimed insecticidal-fungicidal composition, as well as the standard composition and the prototype composition. General agricultural cultivation.

When rape seedlings emerged, all sprouted plants were examined at 20 sites of 1 m ² and the percentage of plant damage by the pest was determined by the ratio of the number of damaged plants to the total number of plants at each site, as well as the percentage of plant damage by fusarium infection in relation to the affected plants to the total number of plants on each site.

The biological effectiveness of insecticides was calculated by the formula VNIIZR:

E = 100- (V / A) × 100,

where E is the efficiency, expressed as% reduction in plant damage relative to the control;

In - damage to plants in the experiment;

A - damage to plants in the control.

The biological effectiveness of fungicides was calculated by the formula VNIISR:

E = (A-B) / A × 100,

where A is the number of affected plants in the control;

In - the number of affected plants in the experiment.

Analysis of the obtained data allows us to conclude about the advantages of the claimed composition (option 4) in comparison with the prototype (option 3) and the standard (option 2). Moreover, the biological effectiveness of the claimed composition by its effect on cruciferous fleas increases relative to the prototype by 12.3%, the standard - by 30.4% and amounts to 82.0% (Table 1).

The biological effectiveness of the claimed composition against Fusarium infection increases relative to the prototype by 11.3%, the standard - by 31.4% and amounts to 87.0% (table 2).

Table 1 Biological effectiveness of insecticidal-fungicidal compositions against cruciferous fleas in the treatment of spring rape seeds, grade Tavrion, VNIIMK, Krasnodar No. Option Consumption rate of composition, l / t Damage to plants with cruciferous fleas,% Biological efficiency,% 2008 year 2009 year 2010 year average over years one The control without treatment 24.8 16.8 14.9 18.8 - 2 Furadan, TPS (350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) (standard) 20,0 11.6 8.0 7.6 9.1 51.6 3 Prototype 12.0 7.8 4.8 4.6 5.7 69.7 four The inventive composition 15.0 5,0 3,1 2.0 3.4 82.0

table 2 Biological effectiveness of insecticidal-fungicidal compositions against fusarium in the treatment of spring rape seeds, grade Tavrion, VNIIMK, Krasnodar No. Option Consumption rate of composition, l / t Affected by plants Fusarium infection,% Biological efficiency,% 2008 year 2009 year 2010 year average over years one The control without treatment 62.5 60.0 24.3 48.9 - 2 Furadan, TPS (350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) (standard) 20,0 29.6 26.2 9.3 21.7 55.6 3 Prototype 12.0 16.5 12,2 6.9 11.9 75.7 four The inventive composition 15.0 7.9 7.0 5.2 6.7 87.0

The yield of spring rape during seed treatment by the claimed composition increases relative to the control by 0.47 t / ha and is higher than the level of the prototype, exceeding it by 0.22 t / ha (table 3).

Table 3 The economic efficiency of insecticidal-fungicidal compounds in the treatment of spring rape seeds, grade Tavrion, VNIIMK, Krasnodar No. Option Consumption rate of composition, l / t Productivity, t / ha ± to control, t / ha 2008 year 2009 year 2010 year average over years one The control without treatment 0.95 1.31 0.78 1.01 - 2 Furadan, TPS (350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) (standard) 20,0 1.16 1.49 0.89 1.18 +0.17 3 Prototype 12.0 1.24 1,54 1.00 1.26 +0.25 four The inventive composition 15.0 1.48 1.70 1.26 1.48 +0.47 NDS ₀₅ 0.32 0.28 0.25

A study of the effect of treatment with the claimed composition of rapeseed on its yield in the field production conditions of OCX “Berezanskoye” in the Korenovsky district of the Krasnodar Territory revealed a yield increase of 0.40 t / ha relative to the control (Table 4).

The calculation of the economic efficiency of the application of the claimed composition and method of controlling cruciferous fleas and fusarium infections in the production environment of OCX Berezanskoye showed a net income of 6368.19 rubles and a profitability level of 1.3 times higher than when using the prototype (Table 5).

Table 4 The effectiveness of the claimed composition in the production of spring rape, cultivar Tavrion, OCX "Berezansky" Korenovsky district, 2010 No. Option Consumption rate of composition, l / t Field vskh-tin,% Damage to cruciferous fleas,% Biological efficiency,% Affected by plants Fusarium infection,% Biological efficiency,% Seed productivity, t / ha ± to control, t / ha one The control b / o 67.8 16,0 - 25,4 - 1.10 - 2 Furadan, TPS (350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) (standard) 20,0 64.6 6.8 57.5 9.7 61.8 1.28 +0.18 3 Prototype 12.0 70.1 4.3 73.1 7.4 70.9 1.33 +0.23 four The inventive composition 15.0 79.0 2.9 81.9 4.0 84.2 1,50 +0.40

Table 5 The economic efficiency of the application of the inventive insecticidal-fungicidal composition for pre-sowing treatment of spring rape seeds against soil pests and diseases, grade Tavrion, OCX "Berezansky" Korenovsky district, 2010 No. Option The cost of the pesticidal composition per 1 ha of sowing, rubles Rapeseed yield when using a pesticidal composition, t / ha Yield on control, t / ha Yield growth, t / ha The cost of additionally received products at the estimated selling price for 1 ton. Additional costs for inlaying, rub / ha Total costs for the use of the drug, rub / ha Net income, rub / ha Profitability level,% one Furadan, TPN
(350 g / l) + TMTD, VSK (400 g / l) (standard) 36.86 1,50 1.27 0.23 4600 75 186.86 4413.15 2361.74 2 Prototype 102.76 1,54 1.27 0.27 5400 75 252.76 5221.83 2065.92 3 The inventive composition 86.81 1,60 1.27 0.33 6600 75 231.81 6368.19 2747.15

The claimed group of inventions makes it possible to more effectively protect shoots of cruciferous crops from cruciferous fleas and fusariosis by applying an insecticide and fungicide of potent translaminar action and thereby increase the yield of seeds of these crops, and by using the claimed insecticide and fungicide in a lower quantity by weight than in prototype, reduce the cost of the claimed composition, as well as expand the range of tools for combating soil-borne pests and diseases, i.e. achieving the goal and solving the problem.

Claims (2)

1. Insecticidal-fungicidal composition for controlling pests and diseases of cruciferous crops, including insecticide, fungicide, MiBAS - microelement biologically active composition, SILK - plant growth and development stimulator and water, characterized in that it contains clotianidin as an insecticide (APACHI) and as a fungicide - fluopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride (INFINITO) in the following ratios of components, wt.%:
Apachi 4.0-6.7 INFINITO 2.7-5.3 MiBAS 13.3-20.0 SILK 0.7-2.0 water rest 2. A method of controlling pests and diseases of cruciferous crops by treating seeds with a composition including an insecticide, fungicide, MiBAS - a microelement biologically active composition, SILK - a plant growth and development stimulator and water, characterized in that the composition according to claim 1 is used as a composition claims at a dose of 15.0 l / t of seeds.