RU2470818C2 - Semitrailer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to trackless ground transport facilities intended for transportation of both light small and heavy long equipment and other cargoes, particularly, to centrepoint suspension of trailers and semitrailers. Semitrailer comprises frame resting on connection beam. Balancing wheel carriers are mounted on beam ends and comprises frame and wheel axles. Connection beam is composed by two wavy rails interconnected by crossbars with three recesses and two flanges located there between. Frame rests on connection beam at its central recess. Balancing wheel carrier attachment seats are made on bottom surface of extreme recesses. Distance between flames equals overall size of balancing wheel carrier frames along semitrailer axis. Distance between outer walls of connection beam flanges is smaller than that between inner side surfaces of the wheels. Distance between inner walls of connection beam flanges exceeds semitrailer frame width in connection beam area.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to trackless land vehicles intended for the transportation of both light, small-sized and heavy bulky equipment and other goods, namely, the balancing suspension of the trailers and semi-trailers.

A known semi-trailer, the frame of which contains an upper platform and a lower platform, based on a triaxial chassis (RF patent No. 2023617, IPC B60G 5/00, 1994).

Such a trailer can carry a larger load compared to a semi-trailer with a biaxial chassis, however, further increase in axles in order to increase the load capacity becomes impractical due to the uneven loading of the wheel axles.

Known biaxial trolley with balancer suspension, containing wheels with axles, a hollow central axis, balancing arms, the eyes of which are pivotally connected to the central axis, a leaf spring pivotally mounted by means of an intermediate sleeve on the central axis (RF patent No. 2042534, IPC B62D 53/06, 1995).

A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity and low load capacity associated with a large number of component nodes, while the number of supporting axes remains equal to two.

A prototype of the present invention is a balancing trolley comprising two biaxial trolleys, interconnected by a connecting beam with spikes located at the ends of the lower part of the connecting beam, with which it rests on the thrust bearings of the biaxial trolleys, and the springs of the bi-axle trolley. Above in the middle of the connecting beam is a thrust bearing with a pivot hole and side bearings. The central thrust bearing has a long pin, and the extreme Fridays are centered by short pivots with a shoulder in the middle part (E. Gundorova. Technical means of railways: Textbook for technical schools and railway transport colleges. - M.: Route, 2003. - 496 S.P. 58-59, Fig. 5.9).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the possibility of rolling on a supporting surface with small irregularities (on rails), due to the fact that the wheels are located under the frame, which limits their progress. In addition, this balancing trolley does not perceive lateral forces, which is not required when the wheels move on rails, but it is an obstacle to its use in automobile transport.

The objective of the invention is to expand the field of cost-effective use of the semi-trailer by giving it the ability to move on roads with large bumps, including dirt roads.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the semitrailer containing the frame resting on the connecting beam, at the ends of which are mounted balancing wheel trolleys, including the frame and wheel axles, the connecting beam is made up of two wave-shaped spars connected by transverse elements with three troughs and two ridges located between them, the frame rests on the connecting beam in its central depression, platforms for fastening the balance are made on the lower surface of the extreme depressions wheel trolleys, and the distance between the ridges is equal to the overall size of the frames of the balanced wheel trolleys along the axis of the semi-trailer, the distance between the outer walls of the spars of the connecting beam is less than the distance between the inner side surfaces of the wheels, and the distance between the inner walls of the spars of the connecting beam is greater than the width of the frame of the semi-trailer at the location of the connecting beams. In a preferred embodiment, the frame is supported on the connecting beam by means of a hinge. Additionally, at the end of the connecting beam, a lever is pivotally connected by rods to the frame of the semi-trailer. In addition, at the second end of the connecting beam, a second two-arm lever connected by rods to the frame of the semi-trailer can be pivotally mounted.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of the semitrailer, side view;

figure 2 is the same, a top view;

figure 3 is a rear view;

figure 4 is a side view of the connecting beam;

figure 5 is a top view of the connecting beam.

The positions in the drawings indicate: 1 - frame, 2 - connecting beam, 3 - balancing wheel trolleys, 4 - balancing wheel trolley frame, 5 - wheel axles, 6 - transverse elements, 7 - spars, 8 - troughs, 9 - ridges, 10 - hinge, 11 - platforms for mounting the balancing wheeled trolleys, 12 - the outer walls of the connecting beam, 13 - the side surfaces of the wheels, 14 - the inner walls of the connecting beam, 15 - two-arm lever, 16 - rod, 17 - second two-arm lever.

The semitrailer comprises a frame 1, articulated on a connecting beam 2, at the ends of which balancing wheel trolleys 3 are mounted. Balanced wheel trolleys 3 include a frame 4 and wheel axles 5. The connecting beam 2 is made up of two wave-shaped spars 7 connected with transverse elements 6 with three by depressions 8 and two ridges 9 located between them. In the central depression 8 there are eyes 10 of the hinge supporting the frame 1, platforms 11 for crepes are made on the lower surface of the extreme depressions 8 the length of the balancing wheel trolleys 3. The distance between the ridges 9 "a" is equal to the overall dimension "b" of the frames 4 of the balancing wheel trolleys 3 along the axis of the semi-trailer. The distance "c" between the outer walls 12 of the side members 7 of the connecting beam 2 is less than the distance "d" between the inner side surfaces of the 13 wheels, and the distance "e" between the inner walls 14 of the side members 7 of the connecting beam 2 is greater than the width "f" of the frame 1 of the semi-trailer at the location connecting beam 2. At the end of the connecting beam 2, a two-arm lever 15 is pivotally mounted, connected by rods 16 to the frame 1 of the semi-trailer. At the second end of the connecting beam 2, a second two-arm lever 17, connected by rods 16 to the frame 1 of the semi-trailer, can be pivotally mounted.

The semi-trailer works as follows.

The weight of the frame 1 of the semitrailer and the cargo on it are transferred to the connecting beam 2, and from it to the balancing wheel trolleys 3. As a result of the balancing connection of the connecting beam 2 with the frame 1 and the balancing wheel trolleys 3 with the connecting beam 2, the load from the frame 1 is transferred to all four wheel axles 5 equally. The implementation of the connecting beam 2 of a curved shape, with two ridges 9 symmetrical with respect to its vertical plane of symmetry, directed upward, allows to reduce the vertical dimension of the semi-trailer and increase the swing angle of the balancing wheel trolleys 3, avoiding touching the frame 1 of the semi-trailer. This allows you to expand the scope of the cost-effective use of the semitrailer by balancing the load on all wheel axles 5. The connection of the frame 1 of the semitrailer with the connecting beam 2 by means of the double-arm levers 15 and 17 mounted on it with rods 16 allows to unload the suspension of the semitrailer from lateral forces and prevent possible lateral forces shift of a frame 1 of the semi-trailer.

The use of the invention allows to expand the scope of the semitrailer on the road with large bumps, including the ability to operate the semitrailer on dirt roads. The parameters are substantiated and detailed documentation has been developed for the modernization of the 9942A semi-trailer, which is being produced at the Spetspritse Company LLC. Using the invention allowed to reduce the vertical dimension of the semitrailer by 200 mm and increase its total stroke of the balancing trolleys.

Claims (4)

1. A semitrailer containing a frame resting on a connecting beam, at the ends of which are mounted balancing wheel trolleys, including a frame and wheel axles, characterized in that the connecting beam is made up of two wave-shaped spars connected by transverse elements with three troughs and two between them ridges, the frame rests on the connecting beam in its central depression, on the lower surface of the extreme depressions are made platforms for mounting the balancing wheel trolleys, and the distance between the ridges is equal to the overall size of the frames of the balancing wheeled trolleys along the axis of the semi-trailer, the distance between the outer walls of the spars of the connecting beam is less than the distance between the inner side surfaces of the wheels, and the distance between the inner walls of the spars of the connecting beam is greater than the width of the frame of the semi-trailer at the location of the connecting beam. 2. The semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame rests on the connecting beam by means of a hinge. 3. The semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the connecting beam a two-arm lever is pivotally mounted, connected by rods to the frame of the semi-trailer. 4. The semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that at the second end of the connecting beam a second two-arm lever is pivotally mounted connected by rods to the frame of the semi-trailer.

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