SU1482848A1 - Dy controlling the steering of two-axle semi-trailer bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to vehicles and can be used to control the driven link of a road train. The purpose of the invention is to improve the stability of the movement of the trolley in the brake mode. When the vehicle is moving along a curvilinear trajectory, the frame 1 of the semi-trailer with the help of levers 8.9 rotates the front axle 4 of the two-axle semi-trailer cart connected to it kinematically. The turntable axis 4 has two pins 12 and 13, fixed, for example, on the frame of axis 4 and installed in the slots of the balancer 7 of the trolley. The center of curvature of each slot is located on the axis of the opposite pivot. When the vehicle is rotated, one of the pins stays in place, and the other moves along its groove around the pivot pin, and the distance from this pivot to the outer wheel of axis 4 is greater than to internal relative to the center of rotation of the wheel, therefore, when braking, the outer wheel creates a larger the unwinding moment is relative to the pivot 12 than the internal one, thus ensuring the stabilization of the trolley in the brake mode. An additional mechanism of fixing the pins 12, 13 can be used in the device, preventing them from moving simultaneously along the slots during a straight backward movement due to the lateral gap between the pin and the grooves. 3 hp ff, 8 ill.

Description

The invention relates to vehicles and can be used to control the driven link of a road train.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the stability of the movement of the trolley in the brake mode.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a vehicle consisting of a ton and a semitrailer during curvilinear motion (the mechanism for fixing the pivots is not shown); in fig. 2 and 3 schemes of the mechanism of fixing the pivots, respectively, in a neutral position and during curvilinear motion; in fig. 4 — semitrailer with the proposed control device, general view; The PA of FIG. 5 is a view A in FIG. four; in fig. b and 7 - variants of the constructive execution of the pivot wheel of the front axle, view from above (the mechanism for fixing the pivots is not shown); in fig. 8 is a variant of the embodiment of the pivotal circle of the front pox according to FIG. 6 with a pivot fixation mechanism.

The frame 1 of the semi-trailer, which is with the control lever, with its front part rests on a 2 t gacha fifth wheel coupling device and on the upper turntable 3 of the truck having a front pivot axis 4 and a rear pivot axis 5, the turntable 3 is hinged to the frame 1 of the semi-trailer with the possibility of swinging around a transverse horizontal axis. To the upper fixed part of the frame 1 of the turntable 3, a central pin b is fixedly attached, around which the lower part of the turntable 3 can be rotated rigidly connected to the carriage balance bar 7. The pin 6 in its lower part is rigidly connected to the lever 8 lying on the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer, and the lever 8 is pivotally connected to the two-arm lever 9 lying on the longitudinal axis of the trolley with the straight motion of the semi-trailer and having the ability to rotate around the hinge joint with the lever 8 when turning the frame 1 relative to the balance bar 7. The rear end of the lever 9 is pivotally connected to the guide 10 connecting this end. with the fixed frame of the rear axle 5, and the front end of the lever 9 is pivotally connected to

a guide 11 connecting it with the frame of the front pivot axis 4. The guides 10,11 can be made in the form of a link or another point. or an approximate straight-forward guide mechanism (guide), or replaced by another guide mechanism that provides

with an allowable error, moving the ends of the lever 9 along trajectories m, slightly different from the trajectories provided by the wings (Fig. 5).

5 The turntable of the front axle 4 contains two pivots 12 and 13 fixed on one of its parts and entering in the arc-shaped grooves belonging to the other part of the turning circle. For example, if the pins 12,13

rigidly mounted on the lower part of the turntable, the grooves are located on its upper part (Fig „6) and, on the contrary, if the pins 12,13 gesture5 are attached to the upper part of the turntable, then the grooves are located on the lower part (Fig„ 7). The pins 12,13 are located in the transverse plane in a straight line motion, and the center

The curvature of each slot is located on the axis of the opposite pin, which is in a position corresponding to a linear motion, for example, the internal surface of the slot, i. em curvature of radius R, drawn from the center of the opposite (in this case left) pin 12 (Fig. 2),

In addition, the grooves are cut from the neutral position of the pivots in the direction that moves the wheel's front axle furthest from this wheel pivot forward in the direction of movement of the semi-trailer. For example, for pins

5 fixed on the lower part of the pivot wheel of the front axle (Fig. 6), the cuts are directed forward, and for the pivots fixed on the upper part of this turntable, back.

The frame of the rotary axis 4 to the balance weight 7 can be fastened either by means of pins 12,13 by making them with heads having a larger diameter than the body of the pins entering the groove, or, for example, by means of a separate fastening element in the central part of the turntable passing by

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a cut is cut in one of its parts. The shape of the cut is chosen such that the fastening element (for example, a bolt with a nut) moves along the paths defined by pins 12 and 13, the cutout dictates the need to use washers in the area, fastening the frame axis 4 to the balancer 7 conventionally not shown.

The fixing mechanism of the pivots consists of two grippers 14 and 15, which are fixed movably on the axes 16 and 17, parallel to the axes of the pivots 12, 13 and displaced relative to them by the value of eccentricity O. The grips 14.15 are interconnected by a transverse thrust 18, forming hinged four-star mechanism in the form of an equi-trapezium. In shape, the grippers 14, 15 are made in the form of flat shaped plates, having two surfaces interacting with pins 12,13. The first gripping surface 14 is a plane (section a) located with a gap e relative to the pin 12 in the neutral position of the gripper 14 (when the transverse link 18 is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trolley); the second, adjacent to the first gripping surface 6, coincides with the groove surface after rotation by an angle limited by the rotation of the opposite gripper 15 connected to it until the gap e between it and the king pin 13 disappears. Both grippers have the same shape and are mirrored one to the other. The required mutual displacement of the grips is ensured by the selection of the appropriate kinematics of the four-link mechanism formed by the grippers 14.15, by the hard 18 and the axes by 16.17 grips.

The device works as follows.

When the vehicle is curved, the frame 1 rotates on the upper turntable 3 of the trolley, together with the pivot 6 and the lever 8, and with the lever 9 rotates, relative to the balance weight 7, the axle 4 frame around one of the hacks, for example 12 (Fig. 8). The other pivot 13 then moves along the groove, opening the grip 15 and closing the grip 14 by means of a pull 18 "

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During braking of a straight-line moving train, the vertical load is redistributed from the rear axle of the truck to its front axle. The thrust force applied to the central pivot 6 moves the carriage forward by the amount of stopping distance Lini of this force up to a certain angle of rotation of the balance weight 7 relative to the frame 1 passes between the pivots 12.13, i.e., the balance weight of the trolley may be different from the prototype in a position of stable equilibrium with respect to the pivots of the pivot wheel of the front axle 4. Moreover, in the normal position of the carriage, the distance from the pivot of the pivot currently fixed to the front axle of the carriage The wheels are larger than the inner one, so the braking forces on the wheels will tend to turn the car to the straight-ahead position, even if the tire grip on the inner wheel is slightly larger than the outer one. Thus, the car is stabilized in the braking mode.

When the semi-trailer moves backward, the resistance to the movement of the wheels causes the pins 12,13 to move along the grooves. In the case of simultaneous movement of the pivots, this movement is limited by the size of the gaps e (Fig. 2).

The pivots 12, 13 tend to turn the grippers 14, 15 in opposite directions, which is impossible, since they are interconnected by a pull 18 o. A backward movement along a curvilinear trajectory causes the locking mechanism of one of the pins (fig 8), therefore In this case, the presence of a lateral clearance between the pivots 12, 13 and the grooves will not cause an undesirable movement of the front axle 4, since its position is uniquely determined by the position of the closed pivot and the hinge connecting the frame of the axle 4 to the double-arm 9 o

Claims (4)

1. A device for controlling the rotation of a semi-trailer biaxial bogie, having a non-rotatable rear and pivot front axle, comprising a pivot-lever mechanism, the levers of which are located on the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailers and pivotally connected to the front pivoting axle and the semi-trailer frame connected to the bogie’s balance by pivoting a circle, characterized in that, in order to increase the stability of the trolley movement in the brake mode, the front pivot axis is connected to the balance bar by means of a slip circle, and eyuschim two fixedly mounted spindle bolt arranged in a transverse plane of the carriage in one of the rotary members and devices installed to cooperate with the arcuate grooves, made on another rotatable member, and the center of curvature of each is located on the axis pazov- opposing spindle bolt. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivots are fixed on the front axle, and the grooves are made on the balance bar in the direction forward from the seats. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins mounted on the balancer, and the grooves are made on the front axle in the direction back from the tkvorny. one 4. The device according to claim 1, about tl and -chalous that on the turntable from the location of the grooves there is a mechanism for fixing the pins, made in the form two grippers, movably fixed on the axes, parallel to the axles of the pivots, and with an eccentricity relative to the latter, with the grips being connected between them transversely, forming a hinge mechanism in the form of an equal trapezium, and in shape the grippers are made in the form of flat figured plates having two surfaces interactions with pivots, the first of which is a plane, in the neutral position of the grip, located with a gap relative to the pivot, and the second, adjacent to first, the surface coincides with the surface of the groove in the grip position in which the flat surface of the opposite grip interacts with the surface of the pin, i 14 P 2 S / P „G Vida eight 17 Phys.d Fy FIG. five 4-U CH-U Ts-4J  f g /five FIG. eight