RU2468880C1 - Method of lengthwise multipass reconditioning of shaft splines and teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, particularly, to surface plastic straining and may be used for reconditioning shaft splines and teeth. Proposed method comprises straining the blank by rollers driven radially and axially in forward and back strokes. Stroke termination is controlled by switches provided equal forces in every forward stroke. Prior to straining, cylindrical bore is drilled in blank with axis aligned with blank geometrical axis depending on total volume of strained material, its physical properties, roller shape and straining rate. Wear compensation metal is displaced from underlying layers by moving working tool in shaft axial bore followed by shaping and gaging passes effected by burnishing head on spline or tooth.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used to restore worn splined and gear profiles on shafts.

A known method of longitudinal multi-pass rolling of spline and gear profiles on shafts [Patent RU No. 2240196, B21H 5/00, publ. 11/20/2004. “A method of longitudinal multi-pass rolling of profiles on shafts”], including the deformation of the workpiece by rollers, which are reported with multiple radial and axial movements during forward and reverse strokes, the end of which is controlled by switches, with the condition that the forces are equal for each direct pass. In the workpiece, before its deformation, a cylindrical hole is drilled, the axis of which coincides with the geometrical axis of the workpiece, depending on the total volume of the deformable material, its physical and mechanical properties, the working profile of the roller and the strain rate.

However, this method does not allow to restore the original profile of the worn splined and gear profiles on the shafts.

The objective of the invention is the restoration of the original profile of the worn splined and gear profiles on the shafts.

This task is achieved by the fact that the metal to compensate for wear of splined and serrated profiles is moved from the underlying layers by moving the working tool in the axial hole of the shaft with subsequent forming and calibrating passages of the rolling roller head along the splined or toothed profile. A working tool whose contact surface is toroidal is installed on the firmware. The outer diameter of the toroidal surface is determined on the basis of the conditional equality of the deformable volume of the axial hole and the volume of the total wear of a spline or gear profile.

Figure 1 shows the firmware with a working tool, figure 2 - the process of lifting the working profile of the part, figure 3 is a General view of the knurling head.

The method is implemented by a device consisting of a working tool 1 with a toroidal contacting surface 2 mounted on firmware 3, as well as a device consisting of a knurling head 4, rollers 5 placed therein on the support rings 6. The rollers 5 are mounted for rotation on the support rings 6, and their mating surfaces are made on spheres of the same radius, and the support rings are fixed on the axes 7 in the sliders 8. Using wedges 9 installed between the knurling head and the sliders, the rollers 5 are fed in a radial direction for each direct stroke of the knurling head 4. The length of the stroke is controlled using the switches 10 and 11 fixed on the rod 12. The switch 13 interacts with the flag 13, which is fixedly mounted on the knob of the knob 4. The switch 15 interacts with the flag 15, mounted on the knob of the knob heads 4 with the possibility of installation movement.

The method is as follows. Previously, metal to compensate for wear of spline or tooth profile is moved from the lower layers of the shaft 14 with an axial opening movement of the tool 1 mounted on firmware 3 contacting surface 2 of which is made toroidal, with an outer diameter d _Torr toroidal surface is determined from conditional equality deformable volume in the axial hole and the volume of the total wear of the profile to be restored V _{east ∑} material of the shaft, its physical and mechanical properties, working profile slot

V _{east ∑} = L _w × S out of _∑

where L _SHL - the length of the splined profile;

S _out.∑ - total wear area along the cross section of the spline profile;

here D is the outer diameter of the spline shaft;

d is the inner diameter of the splined shaft;

δ is the amount of wear of the slot;

Z is the number of splines on the shaft.

Substituting, we obtain the amount of total wear for all the slots to be restored

With the conditional equality of the volume of material deformed in the hole and the total amount of wear of the spline profile to be restored, we obtain the dependence:

V _def. = K × V _{east Σ}

where K> 1 is the reduction coefficient, taking into account the physicomechanical properties of the material of the rolling part, the geometric shape of the working profile of the roller, and the rate of deformation of the material.

The cross-sectional area of the material deformable in the hole

- площадь отверстия изношенного вала диаметра и d_отв;Where

- opening area and the worn shaft diameter d _{of holes;}

- площадь отверстия после прохода инструмента тороидального профиля диаметра d_тор.

- the area of the hole after the passage of the tool of a toroidal diameter profile d _torr .

The volume of material deformed in the hole is

write down

Further, taking into account the previously adopted conditional equality of volumes:

,V _def. = K × V out. _Σ - material deformable in the hole and total wear

,

we write

Substituting into the expression obtained earlier, we obtain

tool diameter with toroidal contact surface

Preliminarily, the shaft 14 with the axial hole and the worn profile is positioned coaxially with the firmware 3, the tool 1 installed on it with a toroidal contacting surface, and the firmware 3 with the tool 1, moving along the hole with force, moves the metal to compensate for the wear of the spline or gear profile from the underlying layers . It deforms, “distributes” the axial hole of the shaft, raising the worn profile.

Next, the shaft 14 with the raised profile is arranged concentrically with the knurling head 4 so that the rollers 5 cover the workpiece and deform it with effort with each direct pass. In the process of deformation of the shaft 14, the rollers 5 rotate on the support rings 6, fixedly mounted on the axes 7, and the spherical mating surfaces of the rollers with the support rings provide their self-centering. The first forward stroke of the knob 4 with rollers 5 is carried out to a length from switch 10 to switch 11 mounted on the rod 12. Fixed switch 13 interacts with switch 10 and is rigidly fixed to the knob 4 body. When flag 15 reaches switch 11, a reverse signal is applied knurling head 4 and it makes a return stroke to its original position to the switch 10. Then, using wedges 9 acting on the sliders 8, the rollers 5 are radially moved under the second forward stroke and the flag 15 is moved the direction of the forward stroke to the desired value. Next, perform the second forward stroke of the knurling head 4 with rollers 5 to the switch 11, which feeds the signal to reverse to return to its original position before the switch 10. After completing several direct strokes of the knurling head 4, a knurled profile of the required shape is obtained.

The proposed method allows to restore a worn splined or serrated profile due to the movement of metal, to compensate for wear of splined and serrated profiles, from the underlying layers by moving the working tool in the axial shaft bore with subsequent forming and calibrating passes of the rolling roller head along the splined or serrated profile. The working tool, the contact surface of which is made toroidal, is installed on the firmware, and the outer diameter of the toroidal surface is determined based on the conditional equality of the deformable volume of the axial hole and the total amount of wear of a spline or gear profile.

Claims (2)

1. The method of longitudinal multi-pass recovery of splined and serrated profiles on worn shafts, including deformation of the workpiece by rollers, which report multiple radial and axial movements during forward and reverse strokes, the end of which is controlled by switches, with the condition that the forces are equal for each direct pass, and in before the deformation of the workpiece, a cylindrical hole is drilled, the axis of which coincides with the geometric axis of the workpiece, depending on the value of the total volume of deformation material, its physical and mechanical properties, the working profile of the roller and the deformation rate, characterized in that they compensate for the wear of splined and serrated profiles by moving metal from the underlying layers of the shaft by moving the working tool in the axial hole of the shaft with subsequent forming and calibrating passages of the rolling roller head along spline or gear profile. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the working tool mounted on the firmware is moved in the axial hole of the shaft, the contact surface of which is made toroidal, and the outer diameter of the toroidal surface is determined based on the conditional equality of the deformable volume of the axial hole and the total amount of splined wear or toothed profile according to:

where d _otv is the diameter of the axial hole of the worn shaft;
K> 1 is the reduction coefficient, taking into account the physicomechanical properties of the material of the rolling part, the geometric shape of the working profile of the roller and the rate of deformation of the material;
D is the outer diameter of the spline shaft;
d is the inner diameter of the splined shaft;
δ is the amount of wear of the slot;
Z is the number of splines on the shaft.

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