RU2465952C2 - System to prepare water-fuel emulsion for ice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to efficient fuel feed systems for transport facilities and power engineering equipment to be incorporated with ICE fuel feed systems to produce emulsifier-free water-fuel emulsions (WFE). Proposed system comprises liquid fuel proportioning mixer, water fuel mix (WFM) dispersant, liquid fuel feed circuit, water feed circuit, WFM feed circuit, circuit to discharge WFE into ICE pump line and to discharge WFE. Water feed circuit jet pump ejects WFM and has its chamber arranged in WFM circuit extra circuit communicated with proportioning mixer mixing chamber. Water feed pressure control regulator is composed of hydraulic actuator communicated with ICE high-pressure pump line to feed water therein at pressure inversely proportional to that in high-pressure pump line. Liquid fuel feed circuit is additionally furnished with switch valve.

EFFECT: simplified design, lower operating costs for increase in density and uniform distribution of water dispersed phase in WFE.

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Description

The invention relates to resource and environmental fuel fuel systems for vehicles or power equipment, which are mounted in a standard internal combustion engine power system (ICE) on a vehicle and which involve the use of water-in-hydrocarbon fuel emulsions, where the hydrocarbon is diesel fuel, or fuel oil, or biofuel, or heating oil, or oil, or gasoline, or kerosene, or alcohol.

One of the directions of expanding the possibilities of using water-fuel emulsion (VTE) as a fuel for ICE in order to increase efficiency and reduce harmful visible and invisible atmospheric emissions is associated with the preparation of VTE directly on the vehicle during use, while obtaining VTE without emulsifying additives . A water-in-fuel emulsion prepared without emulsifying additives is more economical in terms of cost and consumption and reduces environmental pollution.

Despite the advantages of VTE without emulsifying additives, its preparation directly on the vehicle entails numerous problems and disadvantages of existing fuel systems.

These include, in particular, the difficulties associated with the problems of the transition from the functioning of internal combustion engines at VTE to “clean” fuel and vice versa. One of the known solutions to this problem is that the internal combustion engine power supply device comprises a liquid fuel supply pipe that forms a power circuit and includes an inlet liquid fuel pipe, means for processing and circulating this liquid fuel, as well as a pipe for introducing water into the liquid fuel. At the same time, the point of attachment of the water supply pipeline to the liquid fuel supply pipe is located directly at the inlet of a part of this power pipe, and the shutoff valve configured to shut off the liquid fuel supply pipe is located directly behind the liquid fuel supply pipe. The point of attachment of the injection fluid injection pipe to the liquid fuel supply pipe is a water and liquid fuel mixer, which is configured so that the droplets of the additive liquid have dimensions not exceeding 0.5 mm (description of patent RU 2172422 IPC ⁷ F02M 25/00, published 2001.08.20).

The small distance provided between the water injection site and the power line of the high pressure pumps in the known device leads to the absence of circulation of the water-fuel mixture in the fuel circuit, the introduction of water in coarse proportions and the formation of unstable or unstable VTE.

The latter is another problem in the preparation of VTE without emulsifying additives.

One of the known approaches to solving this problem involves the presence of several circulation circuits and multiple circulation of the HTS during the preparation of the VTE before applying the internal combustion engine to the high-pressure pump (description of patent RU 2288776, B01F 3/08 (2006/01), published on 2006.12.10).

The known device provides an emulsifier-free preparation of a water-fuel emulsion with simultaneous provision of the plant's stability and constant water content in the emulsion at partial consumption modes.

A disadvantage of the known device is the need to stop the operation of the internal combustion engine in case of emergency emergency situations of failure in the VTE preparation system due to the impossibility of switching to a regular “clean” fuel supply system.

A known system for the preparation of VTE for ICE, adopted as the closest analogue (description of patent RU 2381826 B01F 3/08 (2006/01), published 2006.02.20), in which the problem of the physicochemical stability of VTE without emulsifying additives is solved by maintaining optimal pressure in system, improving the functional units of mixing and dispersion of the aqueous phase in the “clean” fuel, as well as repeated circulation of the PTS in the discharge circuit of excess VTE before applying the internal combustion engine to the high-pressure pump.

Improving the functional units in the known system is achieved, in particular, by complicating the design of the dispersant with the involvement of additional energy resources for the drive, which entails the complexity and increase the cost of the device

The problem solved by the invention is the creation of easy-to-manufacture and reliable in operation equipment for the preparation of a two-component resistant emulsion of the type "water in fuel" during use, which is mounted on a vehicle in a standard fuel engine power system.

Obtaining stable VTE in the known system is achieved by complicating the design of the dispersant with the involvement of additional energy resources in the form of a drive.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a reliable system for the preparation of stable VTE in the conditions of continuous functioning of the internal combustion engine when changing the VTE power mode to "clean" fuel and vice versa.

The technical result consists in simplifying the design and reducing operating costs for increasing the density and uniformity of the distribution of the dispersed phase of water in VTE.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the VTE preparation system for ICE, which includes a fuel and water metering mixer, a PTS disperser, a liquid fuel supply circuit with a pressure regulator and a valve for switching liquid fuel supply to the supply branches to the mixing chamber of the metering mixer and a VTE delivery pipe for connecting the internal combustion engine high-pressure pump to the main line, a water supply circuit with a non-return valve, a pulsating supply valve and a pump, a PTS supply circuit with a pump and a VTE delivery circuit to the high-pressure pump main flow with a pressure reducing valve in the circulation branch of the VTE discharge, the pump for the water supply circuit is jet-formed using the PTS as an ejected medium and the chamber is placed in the additional branch of the PTS circuit communicating with the mixing chamber of the dispenser-mixer, and the water supply pressure regulator is made in the form of a hydraulic actuator a mechanism connected to the line of the internal combustion engine high-pressure pump and supplying water to the jet pump with a pressure inversely proportional to the pressure in the line a high pressure pump, while the valve for switching the supply of liquid fuel is made in the form of a hydraulic valve connected to the supply circuit of the PTS and the pressure reducing valve of the circulation branch of the VTE discharge, which communicates with the mixing chamber of the metering mixer.

The drawing shows a block diagram of a VTE preparation system in a standard internal combustion engine system.

The system includes a dispenser-mixer 1 of liquid fuel and water, dispersant 2, acting, for example, on the basis of hydrodynamic effects on the PTS, the liquid fuel supply circuit 3, the water supply circuit 4, the supply circuit of the PTS 5 and the discharge circuit VTE 6.

The liquid fuel supply circuit 3 is equipped with a pressure regulator 7, a check valve 8 and a valve 9 for switching the liquid fuel supply to the supply branches to the mixing chamber (not shown) of the metering mixer 1 and pipeline 10 for connecting to the control reduction valve 11 of the VTE discharge circuit 6. Regulator pressure 7 can be made in the form of a pressure reducing valve or constant pressure valve, providing constant pressure in the system for stable operation and constant characteristics of functional units. The valve 9 is made in the form of a hydraulic valve and is additionally connected to the supply circuit of the PTS 5, providing automatic switching of the internal combustion engine operation from the VTE to liquid fuel and vice versa.

The water supply circuit 4 is equipped with a water tank 12 installed in series on the outlet pipe, a check valve 13, a water pressure regulator 14 and a jet pump 15. The tank 12 can be made of elastic material and equipped with a filter and water condition sensors (not shown).

The pressure regulator 14 of the water supply is made in the form of a hydraulic actuator connected to the line 16 of the internal combustion engine high pressure pump and supplying water to the jet pump 15 with a pressure inversely proportional to the pressure in the line 16.

The camera of the jet pump 15 is located in an additional branch of the PTS supply circuit 5, forming a closed circulation loop 17 in communication with the mixing chamber of the dispenser-mixer 1. The circulation circuit 17 is equipped with an electric pump 18 located on the side of the outlet pipe of the dispenser-mixer 1.

The discharge pipe VTE from the dispersant 2 is connected to the line 16 of the internal combustion engine high pressure pump and the discharge circuit VTE 6. The discharge circuit VTE 6 is equipped with a control pressure reducing valve 11, the branch branch which communicates with the mixing chamber of the metering mixer 1. Control pressure valve 11 provides the formation and maintenance the specified algorithm for changing the pressure in the line 16 from the volume of the supplied VTE to the ICE high-pressure pump.

The principle of the emulsion-free cooking VTE system in a standard ICE power supply system on a vehicle.

Diesel fuel from the tank is supplied by a fuel priming pump through a fine filter (not shown), a constant pressure valve 7 and a fuel check valve 8 to the metering mixer 1.

The same amount of water is supplied to the same jet pump 15, which is dosed by the hydraulic actuator 14.

Water is supplied from the water tank 12 by the discharge created by the jet pump 15 through a water filter (not shown), a water check valve 13 and a pulsating feed solenoid valve (not shown).

Surplus VTE or, depending on the operating mode, clean diesel fuel from the high pressure fuel pump and fuel injectors are also returned to the metering mixer 1.

The gasoline pump 18 takes from the dispenser-mixer 1 VTS and under a certain pressure feeds into the dispersant 2 for homogenization and the formation of VTE.

At the same time, the same pressure closes the hydraulic valve 9, ensuring the operation of the system nodes in a given mode.

Part of the mixture pumped by the electric gas pump 18 is used to operate the jet pump 15 to supply water to the metering mixer 1. A high-pressure jet is part of the PTS circuit 5.

Formed in the dispersant VTE under a given pressure, which provides a control pressure reducing valve 11, is supplied to the high pressure pump for internal combustion engine operation.

Under this pressure, the hydraulic actuator 14 of the water supply circuit 4 also works, providing the necessary water content in the VTE.

In the event of an emergency failure of the gasoline pump 18, the hydraulic valve 9 is activated, providing direct supply of diesel fuel to the high-pressure fuel pump, bypassing the nodes of the circuits 4, 5 of the system.

Claims (1)

Water-fuel emulsion (VTE) preparation system for an internal combustion engine (ICE), including a liquid fuel and water metering mixer, a fuel-oil mixture dispersant (VTS), a liquid fuel supply circuit with a pressure regulator, and a valve for switching the liquid fuel supply to the supply branch to the mixing chamber a metering mixer and a VTE delivery pipe for connecting an internal combustion engine high-pressure pump to the mains, a water supply circuit with a check valve, a pulsating valve and a pump, a PTS supply circuit with a pump and distribution of VTE to the main line of the high-pressure pump with a pressure reducing valve in the circulation branch of the VTE discharge, characterized in that the water supply circuit pump is jet-shaped using an HTS as an ejected medium and placing the chamber in an additional branch of the HTS circuit, which communicates with the mixing chamber of the metering-mixer and the water supply pressure regulator is made in the form of a hydraulic actuator connected to the main line of the internal combustion engine high pressure pump and supplying water to the jet pump with pressure the pressure is inversely proportional to the pressure in the line of the high-pressure pump, while the valve for switching the liquid fuel supply is made in the form of a hydraulic valve connected to the supply circuit of the PTS and the pressure reducing valve of the circulation branch of the VTE discharge, which communicates with the mixing chamber of the metering mixer.

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