RU2453701C1 - Method for cleaning-up of ore bed reservoirs beneath open pit bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method for cleaning-up of ore bed reservoirs is performed by means of desalination. In this respect, hole-drilling of solid ore is performed, as well as its explosive rupture, filling of blasted capacity with working solution and egress of product solution. Besides, the outer configuration of blasted capacity is drilled around at an angle equal to slope angle of working ledge. Along the centre line of blasted capacity all the way down the cleaning-up of ore bed an efficient well is drilled. The rest of ore body is drilled around by closed parallel rows of vertical wells. While stable roach is being blasted, all the capacity of blasted ore bed, including its outside configuration, is drilled around by vertical wells of the similar depth.

EFFECT: ensuring stability of open pit side and rising safety level of mining operations.

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Description

The invention relates to mining technology and can be used to refine the reserves of a deposit remaining after completion of opencast mining, as well as for complex and combined physicotechnical and physicochemical methods of developing mineral deposits.

Known combined methods of developing reserves of ore deposits, consisting of elements of downhole and underground leaching systems, for example, uranium. The proposed methods are carried out by explosive destruction of ore, by storing in a broken volume, by supplying reagents through wells drilled from the surface, and by receiving productive solutions into underground mine workings. A change in the state of the rocks is achieved by partial release of ore from the cutting gap, blasting of the rear pillar into the trench with a volume exceeding the volume of the pillar by 1.5–2 times, and self-collapse of the caked partially leached ore into the newly formed space [1, 2]. The disadvantages of these technical solutions include the carrying out of a large volume of preparatory and cutting operations, the high complexity of the formation of additional free space, which is self-collapsing ore.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed method is the development of shallow ore reserves of the ore body by underground leaching. The ore body is opened from the surface by wells with a diameter of 243 mm. The block is drilled on a checkerboard grid with wells of an average depth of 48 m. Central wells serve as a compensation space, corner wells are explosive. Wells with a depth of 22 m are used for pumping a working solution, wells with a depth of 45 m with an angle of 2-3 ° to the vertical are used for pumping productive solutions [3]. The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of effective development of shallow and inclined deposits.

The aim of the invention is to ensure the stability of the sides of the quarry, improving the safety of mining during the development of reserves under the bottom of the quarry.

располагаемыми на дне карьера на расстоянии, равном ширине рабочего уступа от подошвы последнего уступа; по осевой линии разрушаемого объема на всю глубину доработки запасов бурят выдающую скважину, а остальной объем рудного тела обуривают замкнутыми и расположенными на расстоянии, равном ЛНС друг от друга, параллельными рядами вертикальных скважин, глубину которых в пределах каждого ряда принимают постоянной, а между рядами переменной, определяемой по формуле L_bi=H_д-n_iWtgα, где n_i - номер параллельного ряда, считая от центральной выданной скважины; W - величина линии наименьшего сопротивления для конкретного типа горных пород, определяемая известным способом, м; при этом в каждом ряду вертикальных скважин и в наклонном ряду оконтуривающих скважин бурят заряжаемые скважины в количестве:

где N_δi - количество заряжаемых скважин в i-м ряду; и равномерно распределенные между ними компенсирующие незаряжаемые скважины в количествеThis goal is achieved by the fact that when the ore reserves are being finalized, the total depth of ore reserves development is determined by the formula: N _d = 0.5 (D _d -2b) tgα, where N _d is the total depth of ore reserves development, m; D _d - reduced radius of the bottom of the quarry, m; b is the width of the working ledge, m; α is the slope of the slope of the working ledge, deg; the external contour of the destructible volume of the ore mass is drilled with wells at an angle equal to the slope angle of the working ledge and a depth equal to

located at the bottom of the quarry at a distance equal to the width of the working ledge from the sole of the last ledge; an issuing well is drilled along the axial line of the volume to be destroyed to the entire depth of reserves development, and the remaining volume of the ore body is drilled closed and located at a distance equal to the LNF from each other, parallel rows of vertical wells, the depth of which within each row is assumed constant, and between the rows a variable determined by the formula L _bi = H _d -n _i Wtgα, where n _i is the number of a parallel row, counting from the central issued well; W is the value of the line of least resistance for a particular type of rock, determined in a known manner, m; while in each row of vertical wells and in an inclined row of contouring wells, rechargeable wells are drilled in the amount of:

where N _δi is the number of charged wells in the i-th row; and evenly distributed between them compensating non-rechargeable wells in the amount of

where k _p - coefficient of loosening of rocks during explosive crushing, units; W is the value of the line of least resistance for a particular type of rock, determined in a known manner, m; D _pi - the reduced diameter of the i-th unit closed row of vertical or deviated wells, m; n _i is the number of the parallel row, counting from the central delivery well; d _to - the diameter of the compensation wells, m

When refining the reserves of mineral deposits with stable rocks, the entire volume of the destroyed ore mass, including its outer contour, is drilled with closed parallel rows of vertical wells of the same depth equal to the depth of the refining, and the depth of the issuing well is increased by at least 10 diameters.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the completion of ore reserves under the bottom of the quarry, represented by unstable rocks. Figure 2 shows the location of contouring, blasting and non-rechargeable wells at the bottom of the quarry. Figure 3 shows the refinement of ore reserves under the bottom of the quarry, represented by stable rocks.

The drawings show an open mining - 1; quarry side - 2; the slope angle of the slope of the working ledge - 3; the outer contour of the destructible volume of the ore mass - 4; deviated wells of the outer contour of the destructible volume of the ore mass - 5; the bottom of the quarry with a reduced radius D _d - 6; completion of reserves with a depth of H _d - 7; the width of the working ledge b - 8; recharged wells of the i-th row - 9; the line of least resistance of vertical wells (W) for a particular type of rock - 10; the reduced diameter of the i-th unit closed row of vertical or deviated wells D _pi - 11; evenly distributed between charged compensating non-charged wells - 12; the destroyed volume of the ore mass - 13; issuing well - 14.

The way to refine the reserves of ore deposits under the bottom of the pit includes mining open pit mines 1, creating pit sides 2 with a slope angle of the working ledge 3, forming the outer contour of the destructible volume of the ore mass 4 by drilling and blasting deviated wells 5 and forming a perimeter with a given radius of the pit bottom 6 and the depth of mining 7, the creation of platforms for the ledge 8, drilling from the bottom of the quarry of charged wells 9 of the i-th row with the line of least resistance of vertical wells (W) for specifically about the type of rock 10 on each actuation diameter 11 i-th unit of a closed series of evenly distributed between the rechargeable wells compensating non-rechargeable wells 12, creating the destroyed volume ore array 13 and filling the destroyed volume of working solution and issuing a productive solution through outstanding well known construction 14.

The method is implemented as follows (figure 1).

After mining pit 1 to the maximum depth, preparations are made for mining reserves under the pit bottom by underground leaching. To ensure the stability of the quarry sides with a reduced bottom radius of 6, ore reserves are refined to a depth of 7 refinement N _d = 0.5 (D _d -2b) tgα, and the useful component is obtained by underground leaching. To do this, at the bottom of the quarry at a distance from the side 2 of the quarry, equal to the width of the working ledge 8, blast holes 5 are drilled at the bottom of the last ledge at an angle of 3 equal to the slope of the working ledge and a depth equal to

(фиг.2). Располагаемые по приведенному диаметру 11 i-го единичного замкнутого ряда вертикальные взрывные и наклонные компенсационные скважины содержат равномерно распределенные между ними компенсационные незаряжаемые скважины 12 в количестве

The remaining volume of the ore body is drilled closed and parallel to the rows of vertical wells 9 located at a distance equal to the line of least resistance 10 from each other, the depth of which within each row is assumed to be constant, and between the rows a variable defined by the formula: L _bi = H _d - n _i Wtgα. In each row of vertical wells and in an inclined row of contouring wells, rechargeable wells are drilled in an amount

(figure 2). The vertical blasting and inclined compensation wells located along the given diameter 11 of the i-th unit closed row contain compensation non-charging wells 12 evenly distributed between them in the amount of

The blasting of wells 5 and 9 creates an external contour 4 of the destroyed ore mass and determines the volume of the crushed ore mass 13. Inside the contour of the destroyed ore mass, a working solution is supplied, and the productive solution is discharged through the issuing well 14.

When refining the reserves under the bottom of the quarry (Fig. 3), represented by stable rocks, the entire volume of the destroyed ore mass 13, including its outer contour 4, is drilled with closed parallel rows of vertical wells 9 of the same depth equal to the depth of refining of the reserves 7, and the depth of the issuing well 14 increase by a value of at least 10 of its diameters.

Information sources

1. Lunev L.I. Mine systems for the development of uranium deposits by underground leaching / Ed. ed. N.I. Chesnokova. - M.: Energoizdat, 1982. - 128 p.

2. AC 829887 The method of underground leaching of minerals. Priority: 03/23/1979, MKI: Е 21 В 43/28, Е 21 С 41/06.

3. Abramov A.V. Mining exploration for underground leaching. - Exploration and protection of mineral resources, 1983, No. 7, p. 39-42.

Claims (1)

A method of refinement of ore reserves under the bottom of the pit by leaching, including drilling the ore mass, its explosive destruction, filling the destroyed volume with a working solution and issuing a productive solution, characterized in that, in order to ensure the stability of the quarry sides and the safety of work, the total depth of the processing of reserves ores are determined by the formula:
N _d = 0.5 (D _d -2b) tgα,
where N _d - the total depth of the development of reserves, m;
D _d - reduced radius of the bottom of the quarry, m;
b is the width of the working ledge, m;
α is the slope of the slope of the working ledge, deg;
the external contour of the destructible volume of the ore mass is drilled with wells at an angle equal to the slope angle of the working ledge and a depth equal to

located at the bottom of the quarry at a distance of cos α equal to the width of the working ledge from the sole of the last ledge, an issuing well of a known design is drilled along the axial line of the volume to be destroyed to the entire depth of reserves development, and the remaining volume of the ore body is drilled closed and located at a distance from each other equal to lines of least resistance, parallel rows of vertical wells, the depth of which within each row is assumed constant, and between the rows of a variable determined by the formula:
L _bi = H _d -n _i Wtgα,
where n _i is the number of the parallel row, counting from the central issuing well;
W is the value of the line of least resistance for a particular type of rock, determined in a known manner, m;
while in each row of vertical wells and in an inclined row of contouring wells, rechargeable wells are drilled in the amount of:

where N _δi is the number of charged wells in the i-th row;
and evenly distributed between them compensating non-rechargeable wells, while (or) in stable rocks the entire volume of the ore mass being destroyed, including its external contour, is drilled with closed parallel rows of vertical wells of the same depth equal to the depth of stock completion, and the depth of the issuing well is increased by a value of at least 10 of its diameters.

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