RU2352781C1 - Method of open pit completion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes transporting of ore mass from entry of working horizons to transfer point in open pit along exits and from sump of transfer point to surface. Also out-sized rock mass, left after exposing and excavating works with high contents of mineral, is transported to the transfer point in chutes arranged on exits; out-sized rock mass collected at the transfer point is preliminary crumbled with profiled cumulative charges of directional effect to fractions of 1000-100 mm and 60-100 mm, and then it is directed to the sump, wherefrom it is transported to separating at crumbling-concentration plant. Also in the sump and during transportation there are formed two flows of ore, one - from rich oxidised, crushed to fraction more 100 mm and 60-100 mm ore, while another - from non-conditional and poor ore of wastes of crumbling-concentration plant with fraction 0-10 mm and 10-25 mm; notably that before separation there is formed a common ore flow with maintaining specified quality.

EFFECT: increased extraction of mineral due to inclusion earlier lost mineral and wastes of crumbling-concentrating plant after processing of minerals into extraction.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the open development of mineral deposits, namely, when finalizing the quarry.

There is a method of finalizing steeply dipping mineral deposits in a quarry (see AS USSR No. 875038, Е21С 41/00), including mining a rock mass in a trench, transporting the rock mass and maintaining vertical slopes of trenches by installing piles placed in drilled vertical wells .

The disadvantage of this method is the significant loss of minerals.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a way to refine the quarry (see AS USSR No. 697720, Е21С 41/02), including transporting the rock mass from the bottom of the working horizons to the transshipment point in the quarry along sliding ramps and from the transshipment point, made in the form pit on the horizon of the design depth of the quarry, to the surface.

The disadvantage of this method is the incompleteness of the extraction of minerals due to the oversized rock mass on the working horizons, the lack of the possibility of involving waste crushing and concentration plants in production.

The only technical result of the proposed technical solution is an increase in mineral extraction due to the involvement of previously lost and wastes of the crushing and processing plant from mineral processing in mining.

A single technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of refining the quarry, which includes transporting the rock mass from the bottom of the working horizons to the transshipment point in the quarry along sliding ramps and from the transshipment point, made in the form of a pit on the horizon of the projected depth of the quarry, to the surface, oversized rock mass with a high content of minerals transported to the transshipment point through special trays located at the exits, oversized placed at the transshipment point the rock mass is first crushed by profiled cumulative charges of directional action to a fraction of 1000 - 100 mm and 60 - 100 mm, and then sent to the pit with subsequent delivery to the separation to the crushing and concentration plant, and two are formed in the pit and during transportation to the crushing and concentration plant ore flow: one - from rich oxidized ore of oversized pieces, crushed to a fraction of 1000 - 100 mm and 60 - 100 mm, and the other - from substandard and poor ore from the waste of the crushing and concentration plant of a fraction of 0 - 10 mm and 10 - 25 mm, in this case, prior to separation, a common ore stream is formed while maintaining a given ore quality.

Delivery of oversized rock mass with a high mineral content to the transshipment point through special trays located at the exits, allows to increase the extraction of mineral resources by reducing the losses generated when leaving oversized ore on the sides of the quarry. Crushing oversized rock mass to the optimum sizes of 1000 - 100 mm and 60 - 100 mm with the help of profiled cumulative charges helps to create a bulk of crushed rock mass, eliminates the expansion of pieces and thereby reduces the loss of minerals.

The formation in the pit and during transportation of two streams of ore: rich - larger and poorer - finer, makes it possible to further control the quality of the ore during the formation of the total flow, ensuring the completeness of mineral extraction at the crushing and concentration plant.

The proposed method of refinement of the quarry is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of the quarry, Fig. 2 is a plan of the quarry, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the destruction of oversized rock mass.

The proposed method is as follows.

A special exit 2 is held on the working board 1 of the open pit, where special trays 3 are placed, a pit 5 is made on the open pit 4. Oversized rock mass 6 left as a result of overburden and mining operations is delivered to the working horizon 8 using a bulldozer 7 specially passed exit 2 and through trays 3 are delivered to the lower horizon 4. Oversized rock mass 6 on the lower horizon 4 is crushed using shaped shaped cumulative charges 9 to a fraction of 100 - 100 mm and 60 - 100 mm. The crushing of oversized 6 using profiled cumulative charges is carried out simultaneously for several pieces, for which the profiled cumulative charges placed on oversized 6 are mounted in one explosive network. Then the crushed rock mass is sent to a specially equipped pit 5. In the pit 5, the ore is divided into rich and poor, forming two streams. When transporting further to the crushing and concentration plant, the flow of lean ore is reformed with waste from the crushing and concentration plant fractions of 0 - 10 mm and 10 - 25 mm. Before separation, the flows of rich ore obtained from the crushed rock mass of oversized pieces, and poor, diluted with waste from the crushing and concentration plant, are mixed to obtain a common ore stream. By adjusting the volume of servings of each of the streams, it is possible to obtain a total stream of a given quality, which is currently required for separation at a crushing and concentration plant.

The proposed technical solution is used to refine the quarries of the Sheregesh and Teisk mines. The proposed technical solution allowed to increase the completeness of mineral extraction due to the involvement in the mining of oversized pieces with a high mineral content previously left on the working horizons, as well as the use of substandard poor ore, waste from the crushing and concentration plant. The economic effect when using the proposed technical solution at the Sheregesh mine amounted to 1.3 million rubles, and at the Teisky mine 0.9 million rubles.

Claims (1)

A way to refine the quarry, including transporting the rock mass from the bottom of the working horizons to the transshipment point in the quarry along the ramps and from the transshipment point containing the pit to the surface, characterized in that the oversized rock mass left overburden and mining with a high content of useful fossil, transported to the transshipment point on trays located at the exits, the oversized rock mass located at the transshipment point is first crushed by profiling with cumulative directed charges up to fractions of 1000-100 mm and 60-100 mm, and then sent to the sump with subsequent delivery to the separation to the crushing and concentration plant, and two ore streams are formed in the pit and during transportation to the crushing and concentration plant, one - from rich oxidized, crushed to a fraction of more than 100 mm and 60 - 100 mm ore, and the other from substandard and poor ore of waste from the crushing and concentration plant of a fraction of 0 - 10 mm and 10 - 25 mm, while a common ore stream is formed before separation with support a predetermined ore quality.

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