RU2441164C1 - Method to safeguard development openings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. ^ SUBSTANCE: method includes arrangement of development openings following mining face displacement, installation of a wooden lining between sections of powered support, installation of breaker props, erection of a fence behind the breaker props on the area adjacent to the development opening, breakage of side rocks in the section of development openings and their arrangement in the mined space along the mining face interface and the development opening in the form of a rock wall. At the interface area of the mining face and the development opening between wooden stands there are two rows of pneumatic balloons, in one of which direction of a spacer force is aligned along the normal line to bedding, and in the other one - in the bedding plane. Compressed air is supplied for spacing one row of pneumatic balloons between side rocks (along the normal line to bedding), then rock is supplied along a pipeline into a strip between pneumatic balloons and filling mass by means of compressed air supply into pneumatic balloons of the other row and their spacing in direction of the bedding plane. Operations of pneumatic balloon rows loading and unloading, supply of rock into the strip between pneumatic balloons and filling mass, compaction of filling mass are repeated. ^ EFFECT: higher efficiency and safety of bed drift safeguarding by means of rock wall erection. ^ 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to protect preparatory mine workings.

A known method of protecting preparatory workings in the development of coal seams with long columns using conveyor production of one column as a ventilation for an adjacent column, including the placement of two rows of pneumocylinders after the passage of the face, and after working out the excavation column and stabilize the displacement of rocks, removing one row of pneumocylinders . adjacent to the coal mass of the adjacent extraction column, and as the adjacent column is mined after the face of the working face, removing the second row of song balloons from the specified output and paying off it (A.S. 619652, M. Cl. E21C 41/04, BI No. 30, 1978 )

The disadvantage of this method is the installation of pneumocylinders alone, which does not create significant rigidity for the console collapsing rocks, which leads to an increase in the cost of maintaining preparatory workings.

There is a method of protecting preparatory workings in the development of coal seams with long columns using conveyor production of one column as ventilation for an adjacent column, in which pneumatic cylinders are placed in the conveyor working after the face of the working face, and after stabilization of the rock displacement, the pneumatic cylinders are removed, at the same time by carrying out conveyor workings along its entire length, a berm is carried out at the approaching step with the installation of pneumocylinders with a gap between them and the feed into them compressed air, while the frames of the conveyor mine support are installed in the alignment with the gaps between the pneumatic cylinders, and when the extraction column is worked out in the opposite direction, the pneumatic cylinder that is closest to the mechanized support of the working face is unloaded and removed into the conveyor working, and behind the support of the face, they are laid on the soil of the P-formation shaped supports are placed in their pneumatic cylinders and compressed air is supplied into them, bursting the supports between the roof and the soil of the formation, and after displacement of the supports under the influence of rock pressure and the contact of the walls П-о of pneumatic bearings with the formation soil, the pneumatic cylinders are unloaded and removed into the conveyor workout, while the distance between the frames of the support of the conveyor workout is selected from the ratio:

L = d + b + 2t, m,

where d is the thickness of the racks of the lining conveyor output, m;

b - the width of the air balloon, m;

t is the wall thickness of the U-shaped supports, m

(see patent 2188949, CL E21D 11/00).

The disadvantage of this method is that after unloading the closest to the mechanized lining of the air spring creates an exposed space, which can lead to dumping of roof rocks and even blockages of lava.

A known method for the protection of local preparatory workings, including the conduct of local preparatory workings, contouring the pillars of minerals, securing local preparatory workings, mining the mineral layer with lavas without leaving the pillars of the mineral between pillars and erecting artificial structures in the worked out space behind the lavas to protect reused precinct preparatory workings with an irreducible lead ahead of the face of the lava, produce weakening the mineral layer in the sides of the mine by creating a gap in it, while the ductility of the formation is increased to values greater than the compliance of the artificial structures, and in the depth of the weakening of the mineral layer from the untouched array from the mine, they take more than the depth of distribution of the region of intense destruction of the mineral into the array in the marginal zone adjacent to the worked out space, and the depth of weakening of the mineral layer from the side of the worked out space from the boots are taken equal to the width of the artificial structure, and the weakening of the mineral layer, when the formation of weak rocks occurs in the roof, is performed with the minimum advance of the face of the lava, exceeding the width of the zone of reference pressure arising in front of the lava, and the height of the gap is less than the flexibility of the artificial structure erected behind the lava for the protection of reused preparatory workings (see Patent RU 2134786 C1, E21C 41/18).

The disadvantage of this method is that the weakening of the mineral layer is carried out after the preparatory workings, which leads to the destruction of the mineral layer, the appearance of cracks in the rocks of the roof in areas adjacent to the preparatory development even before mining the excavation column in reverse, and subsequently can lead to to dumping in these areas, which will adversely affect the state of preparatory workings.

There is a known method of protecting stratum mine workings, taken as a prototype, including carrying out preparatory workings, following the advancement of the working face, installing wooden lining between the sections of mechanized lining and organ lining at the boundary between the stowage massif and the collapsed rocks of the worked out space, erecting a fence behind the mechanized lining in the area adjacent to the preparatory development, breaking the side rocks in the section of the preparatory workings and placing them in the worked out space at the interface of the face and preparatory work in the form of a rubble strip (All-purpose mining of seams / Yu.L. Khudin, M.I.Ustinov, A.V. Braytsev et al. M., Nedra, 1983, pp. 114-116)

The disadvantage of this method is that the construction of the bookmark on the interface of the working face and the preparatory excavation in the form of a rubble strip without special measures for its compaction is ineffective, since this leads to large values of its shrinkage and negative impact on the lining of the preparatory excavation, and the erection of the fence in the mined-out space of the working face behind the mechanized support for supplying waste rock, can lead to injuries to the working face from collapse of rocks.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency and safety of formation drift protection by erecting a rubble strip at the face of the working face adjacent to the preparatory mine during the mine workings following the face of the working face.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of protecting the reservoir mine workings, including carrying out preparatory workings following the movement of the working face, installing wooden lining between the sections of the mechanized lining, and installing organ lining at the boundary of the filling mass and the collapsed rocks of the worked out space, erecting a fence behind the mechanized lining on the site adjacent to the preparatory development, breaking the side rocks in the section of the preparatory workings and placing them in the mine in the given space at the interface of the working face and the preparatory mine in the form of a rubble strip, according to the invention, two rows of air cylinders are installed between the wooden posts in the section of the interface between the working face and the preparatory mine, in one of which the direction of the spacer force is directed normal to the bedding, and in the other row the direction the spacer force is directed in the bedding plane, compressed air is supplied for the expansion of one row of pneumocylinders between the side rocks (normal to the bed ), then the rock is fed through the pipeline into the strip between the pneumatic cylinders and the filling array, then the filling array is compressed by supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinders of another row and expanding them in the direction of the bedding plane, and after moving the lava to the width of the filling, it is first unloaded by release compressed air, pneumocylinders, expanded in the bedding plane, and then unload the pneumocylinders, expanded in the normal to the bedding, and move them to the step of entry along the line perpendicular to stope, followed by loading operations of a number of pneumocylinders between the lateral rocks (normal to bedding), feeding the rock into the strip between the pneumocylinders and the filling array, sealing the filling array by supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinders and expanding the pneumatic cylinders in the direction of the bedding plane, unloading the pneumatic cylinders , strung out in the bedding plane, and then unloading the air cylinders, strung normal to the bedding, moving the air cylinders to the step of entry along the line, perpendicular oh line of the face, repeat.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the layout of the rubble strips by the complex "Titan-1" for the protection of formation drifts when conducting them after the movement of the face; on figa) is a section along the line A-A with deflated air cylinders of the first and second rows; on figb) is a section along the line A-A with pneumocylinders open between the lateral rocks (normal to the bedding) and deflated pneumocylinders in the plane of the stratum; on figv) - a section along the line A-A with pneumocylinders open between the lateral rocks (normal to the bedding) and deflated pneumocylinders in the plane of the stratum after feeding the filling material into the filling strip; Fig.2d) is a section along the line A-A, with pneumocylinders open between the lateral rocks (normal to the bedding) and open in the bedding plane; on fig.2d) - a section along the line A-A after moving the lava to the step of entry and with the deflated air cylinders of the first and second rows. Figure 1 shows: 1 - face; 2 - mechanized support of the face; 3 - wooden racks; 4 - wooden cut; 5 - preparatory development; 6 - lining preparatory development; 7 - loading machine; 8 - crushing and filling machine; 9 - blower machine; 10 - filling pipeline; 11 - breed; 12 - filling strip; 13 - pneumocylinders, creating a spacer along the normal to the bedding; 14 - pneumocylinders creating a spacer in the bedding plane; 15 - organ; 16 - rope for the remote movement of pneumocylinders.

The invention consists in the following. In the face 1, equipped with a mechanized roof support 2, wooden racks 3 are installed under the cuts 4 (figure 1). The preparatory excavation 5 is carried out following the movement of the working face 1 and is fastened with a metal lining 6. The rock from the preparatory excavation 5 is removed by the rock loading machine 7, fed to the crushing and filling machine 8 and using the blower 9 through the filling pipe 10 the rock 11 is fed into the filling strip 12, which is protected from the mechanized lining 2 with the help of pneumocylinders 13 and 14, installed behind the mechanized lining 2. The supply of stowing rock is carried out from the organ lining 15, mouth pressed on the border of the collapsed rocks and the bookmark to the preparatory mine work 5. Before feeding the filling material into the filling strip 12 between the wooden posts 3, two rows of pneumocylinders 13 and 14 are installed (Fig. 2a), in one of which - 13 the direction of the spacer force is directed along the normal to bedding, and for another row - 14, the direction of the spacer force is directed in the bedding plane. Compressed air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinders 13 and burst between the lateral rocks (normal to the bedding) (Fig.2b). The rock is fed into the strip 12 between the pneumocylinders and the filling array (Fig.2c). Compaction of the filling array is performed by supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinders 14 and expanding them in the direction of the bedding plane (Fig. 2d). After moving the working face 1 and the mechanized support 2 to the width of the entry, first unload the pneumocylinders 14, expanded in the bedding plane, and then unload the pneumocylinders 13, expanded along the normal to the bedding, and move the rope 16 from the working face 1, fixed by the mechanized lining 2, them to the step of entering along the line perpendicular to the face line, after which the operation is to load a number of pneumocylinders between the lateral rocks (normal to the bedding), feed the rock into the strip between the pneumocylinders and with a sealing array, sealing the filling array by supplying compressed air to the air cylinders and expanding them in the direction of the bedding plane, unloading the air balloons strung in the bedding plane, and then unloading the air cylinders, strung along the normal to the bedding, moving them to the approach step along the line perpendicular to the cleaning line slaughter, repeat (fig.2d.).

The application of the proposed method will improve the efficiency and safety of formation drift protection by erecting a rubble strip at the face of the face adjacent to the preparatory mine during the mine workings following the mine face passage.

Claims (1)

A method of protecting stratum mine workings, including carrying out preparatory workings following the advancement of the working face, installing wooden lining between sections of mechanized lining and installing organ lining at the boundary of the stowed massif and the collapsed rocks of the worked out space, erecting a fence behind the mechanized lining in the area adjacent to the preparatory mine, breaking of lateral rocks in the section of the preparatory workings and placing them in the worked out space at the interface of the treatment plant oa and preparatory development in the form of a rubble strip, characterized in that on the interface between the working face and the preparatory development between the wooden racks, two rows of air cylinders are installed, in one of which the direction of the spacer force is directed normal to the bedding, and in the other row the direction of the spacer force is directed in the bedding plane, compressed air is supplied to expand one row of pneumocylinders between the side rocks (normal to bedding), then the rock is fed through the pipeline to the air between the pneumatic cylinders and the filling array, after which the filling of the filling array is compacted by supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinders of another row and expanding them in the direction of the bedding plane, and after moving the lava to the width of the entry, the pneumatic cylinders expanded in the plane of bedding are unloaded by releasing compressed air, and then unload the pneumatic balloons, normal to the bedding, and move them to the step of entry along the line perpendicular to the line of the face, after which the operations for loading a narrower row of pneumocylinders between the lateral rocks (normal to bedding), feeding the rock into the strip between the pneumocylinders and the filling array, sealing the filling array by supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinders and expanding the pneumocylinders in the direction of the bedding plane, unloading the pneumocylinders strung in the bedding plane, and then unloading of pneumocylinders strung along the normal to bedding, moving of pneumocylinders to the step of entry along a line perpendicular to the line of the working face, repeat.

Images