RU2425216C1 - Complex development method of bed series of anticline deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. ^ SUBSTANCE: method involves drilling of beds with longitudinal working trench to outputs of beds and development of thick layer along the strike to the boundary of mining allotment by using an open method, drilling, preparation and development of series of gently sloping and/or steep beds in boards and bottom of the cut by using an underground method, reclamation of open-pit minings. At that, drilling of beds is performed with working trench along the crest line of anticline to the depth of lower bed position, drilling of bed series is performed on both sides of anticline with double inclined shafts from working trench to beds. During development of beds by using underground method the panel-type and/or horizon-oriented development system is used during flat dip of beds and level and sublevel development system is used during steep bed dip with mechanised coal extraction on gently sloping beds, and hydraulic and/or slice mechanical development system on steep beds with complete failure of roof. At that, water intakes of mine water drainage are built at lower points of shafts on both sides of anticline and equipped with devices for water extraction from mined rock at hydraulic and/or mechanical hydraulic coal extraction. ^ EFFECT: improving completeness of extraction of mineral deposits, reducing losses of stock, volumes of stripping operations and ecological damage. ^ 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the integrated development of suites of gentle and steep strata of anticlinal deposits.

There is a method of developing steeply falling seams in an open way, including conducting exit and split trenches in the overburden, conducting entrance and split trenches along the mineral layer with subsequent mining of one or both sides of the split trenches in the direction of the formation strike [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the large amount of overburden and coal losses.

Known is a combined method of developing mineral deposits, where the upper horizons of the field are mined by the open pit method, and the lower horizons by the underground method [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the large amount of overburden, their re-excavation in the process of development of the field and the creation of adverse environmental conditions.

A known method of developing the upper horizons of minerals [3], including the opening of the deposit and the subsequent extraction of minerals in parallel trenches, the upper contours of which are removed from each other at a certain distance. The autopsy is carried out in stages with deepened trenches with a dredging of the inter-trench mass by open work towards the center until complete merging into one pit. Underground mining is carried out horizontally in directions from the outer sides of the trenches to the boundaries of the field.

The disadvantage of the development method is a narrow scope, limited by the angle of occurrence of steeply falling seams, large volumes of rocks from overburden deposits and the creation of an unfavorable environmental situation in the coal mining region.

A well-known complex method of developing reservoir deposits [4], including: opening a field with open mines - a longitudinal split trench along the strike of the seams, and its development, opening and preparation of the layers by underground mine workings and their development, characterized in that the opening of the layers in the sides of the longitudinal cut field trenches are carried out by transverse split trenches, which are laid in the cross of the strike of formations from a longitudinal split trench, providing access to the formations for the deposit Ia mouth of the underground mine workings. When carrying out a transverse split trench in the plane of the layers, formation ledges are formed on which intermediate industrial sites are located in front of the mouths of the underground mine workings, and the axis of the entry into the transverse split trench is positioned at an angle to the axis of the longitudinal split trench equal to the angle formed by the length and width of the laying of the ledge .

The disadvantage of the development method is the large volumes of rocks from overburden deposits, the complexity of the preparation of ledges.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype, the method of reclamation of open mine workings [5], including: separation of the fertile layer during the opening of mineral resources and storage of rocks during their development, planning of open mine workings by laying rock and applying a fertile layer with restoration of vegetation in accordance with the direction of land use, characterized in that when laying the rocks in open mines from the surface of the earth, an inclined trench is formed to the exposed open part of the exposed formation in the sides of the mine, which provides access and subsequent underground mining of the reserves of the deposit, and will be part of the industrial site. During the reclamation of mine workings with coal reserves, which are prone to spontaneous combustion, isolation of the left open part of the naked seam exit in the sides of the mine is carried out, while anti-pyrogenic treatment of the naked seam exit in the sides of the mine workings is carried out, and when the left trench is flooded, its sides are formed from water-impermeable rock .

The objectives of the invention are to increase the completeness of the extraction of minerals, reducing losses of reserves, the volume of stripping operations and environmental damage.

The solution of the tasks is achieved by the fact that the opening of the strata is carried out by a split trench along the anticline bend line to the depth of the lower stratum, the opening of the formation of strata is carried out on both sides of the anticline by paired inclined trunks conducted from the split trench through the strata, and when working out the strata underground using the panel / or horizontal with a shallow bed of the seams, storey and sub-floor with a steep bed of the seams of a development system with mechanized coal mining for shallow and hydraulic cal and / or mechanical layered on steep seams with a complete collapse of the roof, wherein the headers equip mine water at low points shafts on both sides of the anticline and fitted with devices for the dehydration of the rock mass with hydraulic and / or coal mehanogidravlicheskih recess.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 is a diagram of the opening of reservoir layers in an open way on a surface plan; figure 2 is a diagram of the opening of the reservoir layers in an open way in a vertical section (section aa); figure 3 is a diagram of the preparation and development of the reservoir underground method (section aa).

Deposits of the deposit are carried out by a longitudinal split trench 1 to the exits of formations 2, 3, 4 and the development of a powerful stratum 3 along the strike to the boundary of the mining allotment in an open way.

Opening of layers 2, 3, 4 with a split trench 1 is carried out along the anticline bend line, formation retinue formation is carried out by paired 5 inclined trunks with failures 8 conducted along the formation (Fig. 3) when the beds are flat and work out the layers mechanically in long and / or short columns with a complete collapse of the roof, and when steep - paired and / or single diagonal inclined shafts in the upper 6 and lower layers 7 (figure 2), carried out from a trench through the layers with an angle of 13-18 ° to the horizontal plane for gradual transportation of the rock mass, which are knocked together by pivots 9 (Fig. 2), and when mining the seams, use a floor and sub-floor development system with a hydraulic and / or layer mechanical excavation of coal with a complete collapse of the roof, while the drainage pits of mine drainage 10 (Fig. 3) equip at the lower points of the shafts on both sides of the anticline and equip the devices for dewatering the rock mass during hydraulic and / or mechanohydraulic coal mining.

The proposed method increases the completeness of the extraction of minerals and reduces the loss of reserves, the volume of stripping and environmental damage.

Literature

1. Mining. / Yu.P. Astafiev, V.G. Banznyukov, O.G. Shepun, G.S. Sulima, B.C. Polyansky. - M .: Nedra, 1980 .-- S.14-15.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1439240. A combined method of developing mineral deposits. MKI E21C 41/02.

3. RF patent No. 97101942. The way to develop the upper horizons of minerals. MKI E21C 41/00.

4. RF patent No. 2295036. An integrated method for developing stratified mineral deposits. Will declare. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus Vas.V. Patent. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus Vas.V. Claim 05/23/2005. Publ. 07/10/2007. Bull. Number 7.

5. RF patent No. 2297533. The method of reclamation of open mines. Will declare. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Senkus Vas.V. Patent. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Senkus Vas.V. Claim 08/26/2005. Publ. 04/20/2007. Bull. No. 11.

Claims (1)

An integrated method for developing suites of anticline deposits with a shallow and / or steep bedding of the seams, including: opening the seams with a longitudinal split trench to the seams and developing a powerful seam along the open to the boundary of the mining allotment, opening, preparing and mining the steep and / or steep suites formations in the sides and bottom of the section by the underground method, reclamation of open mine workings, characterized in that the sections are opened by a trench along the anticline bend to the depths At the same time, bedding of the lower formation, opening of the formation suite is carried out on both sides of the anticline by paired inclined shafts conducted from the cut trench along the layers, and when mining the layers by underground methods, use the panel and / or horizontal with flat bedding and floor and sub-floor - with a sharp bed of the system development with mechanized coal mining on gentle and hydraulic and / or layered mechanical on steep seams with a complete collapse of the roof, while the drainage pit mine drainage equipment they are installed at the lower points of the shafts on both sides of the anticline and are equipped with devices for dewatering the rock during hydraulic and / or mechanohydraulic coal mining.

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