RU2422638C1 - Compound development method of series of gently sloping beds of syncline and brachysyncline mine fields - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. ^ SUBSTANCE: method involves drilling and preparation of series of beds with two working trenches, which are knocked down with twin underground mine openings driven via beds through lower points of basins of synclines of beds and/or close to them, from which wells are drilled and/or mine openings are made in order to improve ventilation, deliver materials and bypass the mine inflow to lower point of the last bed where water tanks are laid. Preparation of beds depending on angle of inclination is performed as per horizon and/or panel schemes. Beds are drilled in long columns by means of underground method and depending on their angle of inclination as to spread and/or inclination by means of mechanised method with complete roof collapse. Coal extraction in troublesome zones, safety and barrier pillars is performed with shortwall faces using mechanical, mechanical-hydraulic and/or hydraulic methods. ^ EFFECT: increasing completeness of extraction of mineral product, reducing losses of deposits, volumes of stripping operations, environmental damage and improving ventilation of underground workings. ^ 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the integrated development of a suite of flat formations of mineral deposits.

There is a method of developing steeply falling seams in an open way, including conducting exit and split trenches in the overburden, conducting entrance and split trenches along the mineral layer with subsequent mining of one or both sides of the split trenches in the direction of the formation strike [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the large amount of overburden and coal losses.

Known is a combined method of developing mineral deposits, where the upper horizons of the field are mined by the open pit method, and the lower horizons by the underground method [2].

The disadvantages of the method are the large volume of overburden, their perekskavatsiya in the process of mining the field and the creation of adverse environmental conditions.

A known method of developing the upper horizons of minerals [3], including the opening of the deposit and the subsequent extraction of minerals in parallel trenches, the upper contours of which are removed from each other at a certain distance. The autopsy is carried out in stages with deepened trenches with a dredging of the inter-trench mass by open work towards the center until complete merging into one pit. Underground mining is carried out horizontally in directions from the outer sides of the trenches to the boundaries of the field.

The disadvantages of the development method are a narrow scope, limited by the angle of occurrence of steeply falling seams, large volumes of rocks from overburden deposits and the creation of an unfavorable environmental situation in the coal mining region.

A comprehensive method for developing reservoir deposits is known [4], including: opening a deposit with open pit mines — a longitudinal split trench along the strike of the strata and its development, opening and preparing strata with underground mine workings and their development, characterized in that the opening of the strata in the sides of the longitudinal split trench deposits are produced by transverse split trenches, which are laid in the cross of the strike of formations from a longitudinal split trench, providing access to the layers for mortgages of the estuaries of underground mine workings. When conducting a transverse split trench in the plane of the layers, formation ledges are formed on which intermediate and industrial sites are located in front of the mouths of the underground mine workings, and the axis of the entry into the transverse split trench is placed at an angle to the axis of the longitudinal split trench, equal to the angle formed by the length and width of the formation ledges.

The disadvantages of the development method are large volumes of rocks from overburden deposits, the complexity of the preparation of ledges.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is the method of reclamation of open mine workings [5], which includes: separating the fertile layer during the opening of mineral resources and storing the rocks during their development, planning the open mine workings by laying the rock and applying the fertile layer with restoration vegetation in accordance with the direction of land use, characterized in that when laying rocks in open mines from the surface of the earth form an inclined ansheyu to leave open part of the exposed release layer in the sides of excavation, which provides access and the subsequent testing of underground reserves left field and will be part of the industrial site. During the reclamation of mine workings with coal reserves, which are prone to spontaneous combustion, the left open part of the exposed seam outlet is insulated in the sides of the mine, while the anti-pyrogenic treatment of the naked seam exit in the sides of the mine workings is performed, and when the left trench is flooded, its sides are formed from water-impermeable mountains .

The objectives of the invention are to increase the completeness of the extraction of minerals, reduce losses of reserves, the volume of stripping, environmental damage and improve ventilation of underground workings.

The solution of these problems is achieved by the fact that the development of the synclinal and / or brachisynclinal deposit, the opening and preparation of the formation formations are carried out by two split trenches and knocked down by paired underground mine workings, conducted through the formations through the lower points of the mold synclines of the formations and / or close to them, from which they are drilled wells from which wells are drilled and / or mined to improve ventilation, material delivery and bypass mine inflow to the lower point of the last formation, where I lay catchment areas, preparation of the layers depending on the angle of incidence is carried out by horizontal and / or panel schemes, underground mining of the layers is carried out by long columns and depending on their angle of incidence along strike and / or fall, mechanized way with a complete collapse of the roof, and coal excavation in zones of violations, safety and barrier pillars produce short faces by mechanical, mechanical-hydraulic and / or hydraulic methods.

To ensure ventilation at large sizes of the syncline of the lower strata, the paired workings of the upper strata are kept by leaving safety pillars along the sides and soil of the workings, knock them down with the lower workings and used as flank ventilation shafts, and to prevent the side work of knocking out workings through the strata they are offset each other.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig.1 is a diagram of the opening of reservoir layers in an open way on a surface plan; figure 2 is a vertical section of the opening of the reservoir layers by underground method (section aa).

The development of the synclinal and / or brachisynclinal deposit, the opening and preparation of the formation formations are carried out by two split trenches 1, 2 and knocked down by paired underground mine workings 3, 4, 5, conducted through the formations through the lower points of the synclines of formations 6 and / or close to them, of which wells 7, 8 are drilled to bypass the mine inflow to the lower point of the last formation, where water collectors 9 are laid, the formations are prepared according to the angle of incidence using horizontal and / or panel schemes, and the formations are mined They are driven by long poles and, depending on their angle of incidence along strike and / or dip, mechanized way with complete collapse of the roof, and coal mining in violation zones, safety and barrier pillars is carried out by short faces by mechanical, mechanohydraulic and / or hydraulic methods.

To ensure ventilation at large sizes of the syncline, the paired workings of the upper layers 3, 4 are saved by leaving safety pillars along the sides and soil of the workings, knock them down with the lower ventilation workings 10, 11 and used as flanking ventilation trunks, and to prevent underworking of mining workings in the layers they are carried out offset from each other.

The proposed method increases the completeness of the extraction of minerals and reduces the loss of reserves, the volume of stripping and environmental damage.

Literature

1. Mining. / Yu.P. Astafyev, V.G. Banznyukov, O.G. Shepun, G.S. Sulima, B.C. Polyansky, - M .: Nedra, 1980.- P.14-15.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1439240. A combined method of developing mineral deposits. MKI E21C 41/02.

3. RF patent No. 97101942. The way to develop the upper horizons of minerals. MKI E21C 41/00.

4. RF patent No. 2295036. An integrated method for developing stratified mineral deposits. Will declare. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus Vas.V. Patent. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus Vas.V. Claim 05/23/2005. Publ. 07/10/2007. Bull. Number 7.

5. RF patent No. 2297533. The method of reclamation of open mines. Will declare. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Senkus Vas.V. Patent. Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Val.V., Senkus Vas.V. Claim 08/26/2005. Publ. 04/20/2007. Bull. No. 11.

Claims (3)

1. An integrated method for the development of suites of shallow formations of synclinal and brachisynclinal deposits, including: opening the formations with a longitudinal split trench to the outcrops of the formations under the sediment and mining a powerful layer along the open to the boundary of the mining allotment, opening, preparing and mining the formations in the sides of the section by underground method and reclamation of open mines, characterized in that the development of the synclinal and / or brachisynclinal deposit, the opening and preparation of the formation are with two split trenches and knocked down by paired underground mine workings, conducted through the strata through the lower points of the trough synclines of the strata and / or close to them, from which wells are drilled and / or mine workings are carried out to improve ventilation, material delivery and bypass mine inflow to the lower point of the latter the formation, where the water basins are laid, the preparation of the layers, depending on the angle of incidence, is carried out by horizontal and / or panel schemes, the development of the underground layers is carried out by long columns and in the head ing on their angle of incidence along strike and / or fall, a mechanized way with a complete collapse of the roof, and coal recess in zones disorders protective barrier and produce short pillars bottoms mechanical mehanogidravlicheskih and / or hydraulic means. 2. An integrated method for developing a suite of gently sloping layers of synclinal and brachisynclinal deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure ventilation with large sizes of the synclinal of the lower layers, the paired workings of the upper layers are saved by leaving protective pillars on the sides and soil of the workings, knocking them with the lower ventilation workings and use as flanking ventilation trunks. 3. An integrated method of developing a suite of gently sloping layers of synclinal and brachisynclinal deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that to prevent undermining of knocking out mine workings along the layers, they are carried out offset from each other.

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