RU2422490C2 - System for air supply to coke furnace with central control for first and second flow of air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in by-product-coking industry. A device supplying the first and second flows of air for combustion of gas generated at coking has orifice 3 for air supply to each chamber of coking for the first flow of air passing through a door 2 of the coking furnace or framing it wall, and orifice 5 for supply of air to each chamber of coking for the second flow of air. Movable shutoff elements 6, 7 are provided for parts of orifices for air supply. The shut-off elements are mechanically tied with actuating element 13, 14 driven and controlled from the central panel depending of consumption of blown air in coking chambers. ^ EFFECT: optimal supply of first and second air flows, reliability of operation under high temperatures and severe contamination. ^ 18 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device and method for supplying blast air for burning coke oven gas in the coking chambers of single-tier coke ovens arranged in the form of a battery of coke ovens for the so-called Non-Recovery or Heat-Recovery methods (with or without heat recovery). The device includes at least one opening for air supply in each coking chamber, which passes through the corresponding door of the coke oven or framing its wall, as well as openings for air supply, providing secondary air to the ducts. Each air inlet is provided with a movable blocking element.

All overlapping elements are connected mechanically with at least one actuating element, which is controlled and driven by a central console. In this case, the actuating element drives the overlapping elements depending on the need for blast air in the coking chamber. The mechanical connection of each individual overlapping element with the central actuating element can be implemented separately, and, in particular, the initial position of the individual overlapping element at the beginning of the coking process in the corresponding coking chamber can be established independently of the remaining overlapping elements of adjacent coking chambers.

Heating of furnaces by the Heat-Recovery method is usually carried out with the combustion of gas generated during coking. The combustion is regulated in such a way that part of the gas above the loaded batch of coal is burned in the furnace chamber using the first air stream. This partially burnt gas through channels called the “Downcomer” is fed into the flues on the bottom of the furnace chamber and here, when another blast air, i.e. secondary air, is supplied, it completely burns out.

Thus, heat is sent directly to the loaded batch of coal directly from above and indirectly from below, which favorably affects the coking rate and thereby the furnace productivity. For the implementation of the method, it is required that the supplied first air stream and the second air stream are controlled variable during accurate measurement and throughout the coking time, which can be from 20 to 96 hours. This is described in the prior art with respect to Heat-Recovery and Non-Recovery furnaces of a single tier construction. As an example, we can name documents US 4344820, US 4287024, US 5114542, GB 1555400 or CA 2052177 C.

According to the state of the art, a first air stream is drawn in from the atmosphere through openings in the door. The second stream of air is sucked in through openings located near the bottom, and is directed into the flues through channels that pass essentially horizontally under the coking chamber of the coke oven. The openings for the first and second air flows are either constantly open or provided with dampers to control the amount of intake air.

Since the batteries of the furnaces are located over a very long length, and, as a rule, there is a very high temperature and strong pollution, only manually adjustable ventilation flaps are disclosed in the prior art. US Pat. No. 5,928,476 discloses such a coke oven battery, wherein each coke oven door has three manually operated openings in which or in front of which there is respectively one corresponding to the cross section of the opening and located on the central axis of the plate or disk. The position of these dampers in the holes can be changed manually using the lever.

In practice, however, it turned out that the required change in the amount of the first and second air (air flows) during the coking time with manual control is very fragmented and thus, optimal, time-dependent control over a wide range is not achieved. Further, manual maintenance is a big burden for the health of staff.

Therefore, the object of the invention is to eliminate the described disadvantage in an economically feasible way and to reliably ensure optimal supply of the first and / or second air. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure reliable operation also at commonly existing high temperatures and severe pollution.

The invention solves this problem by providing a blast air supply device for burning coke oven gas in coking chambers of coke ovens of a single-tier structure arranged in the form of a battery, the air supply device consisting of at least one air supply opening for each coking chamber that passes through the corresponding door of the coke oven or the wall surrounding it, while for each such hole an installed movably overlapping element is provided,

- all the overlapping elements of the air supply openings are mechanically connected to at least one actuating element, which is actuated and controlled from a central console;

- the overlapping elements are driven by an actuating element, depending on the need for blast air in the coking chamber;

- the mechanical connection of each individual overlapping element with the central actuating element is implemented separately, and, in particular, the initial position of the individual overlapping element at the beginning of the coking process in the corresponding coking chamber can be set separately and independently of other overlapping elements of adjacent coking chambers.

Moreover, by connecting the overlapping element and the actuating element, it should further be understood that both elements directly or by means of a connecting element, such as, for example, a lever, cable pull, chain, lever arm, etc., as well as combinations of these elements can be connected between by itself with the possibility of a connector.

Preferred embodiments provide that the actuator can be made in the form of a circumferentially extending chain or steel rope. Similarly, a suitable embodiment is to use a lead screw as an actuator. All of these actuators allow continuous operation in the direction of travel, which is very preferred for a continuous overall process.

Further, the device according to the invention can be made in this regard, in such a way that overlapping plates are used as overlapping elements, which are arranged in such a way that, when actuated by means of the connecting element, they move essentially parallel to the furnace door.

For directional flow of the primary gas, it is preferable if the air inlet has a rotationally symmetrical shape. Therefore, it is preferable to use overlapping elements, which are made in the form of perpendicularly mounted overlapping plates and are arranged to rotate around a central axis extending vertically or horizontally.

In the case of an even more improved embodiment of the device for supplying air, the overlapping elements are made of at least two overlapping bevel plates overlapping and shifted relative to each other, and in the case of beveled plates ideally, when partially opened, the cross-section of a polygonal, dot-like symmetrical or approximately round in shape. Thus, there is no deviation of the sucked air in the air inlet, and due to the higher flow rate, it penetrates deeper into the space of the furnace.

Further improvement consists in the fact that the overlapping elements are made in the form of a cone, and in the mounted state, the vertices are directed into the interior of the furnace. This embodiment can be further improved in that the air supply opening has the same or a larger opening angle than the corresponding conical overlapping elements. In this embodiment of the overlapping element for the device according to the invention, the intake air is minimally swirled in the region of the overlapping element, as well as the air supply opening, and is formed into a gas stream regardless of the size of the released cross section.

With different values of the opening angle of the cone of the air supply hole and the overlapping element, it can be confidently established that the contaminants that are deposited in the hole do not prevent its complete closure. In this case, the cone-shaped overlapping element is moved in the longitudinal direction of the hole by means of a lever device and / or spindle, so that when partially opened, a gap is formed in the form of a round ring.

The air supply device can be improved due to the fact that the overlapping element is connected to the actuating element in such a way that it is automatically disconnected from the actuating element when the air supply opening is completely closed.

The invention further includes a method for supplying blast air to a coke oven, wherein the above-described device for supplying air according to the invention is used in one of its embodiments, the process proceeding as follows:

a) after emptying and re-filling the coking chamber, the overlapping elements are installed in their initial position, in which the air inlet is completely or almost completely open, connected to the central actuating element;

b) during coking, the overlapping elements are actuated by the central actuator continuously and generally at the same average speed or frequency of regulation, so that the air supply openings are continuously closed;

c) at the latest at the end of the coking time in the coking chamber, the overlapping elements completely cover the air supply openings of this coking chamber and can be disconnected from the actuator;

d) After emptying and re-filling, the method starts again from step a).

An improved variant of the method is that the overlapping element in the final position is automatically disconnected from the actuating element.

In another improved embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least two central actuators are provided, with one actuator displacing the overlapping elements for the first air and the other actuator displacing the overlapping elements for the second air. At the same time, both actuators during the total coking time period can be regulated completely independently of each other.

In a preferred manner, the central actuator operates continuously and substantially at the same control speed or frequency.

The invention also includes the use of an air supply device according to the invention in one of these embodiments with a method for supplying blast air to the coking chambers of single-tier coke ovens arranged in the form of a battery.

The invention is illustrated on the basis of three embodiments as an example using FIGS. 1-3, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Figure 1 shows a coke oven 1 in front view. The coke oven 1 has on the front surface a door 2 of the coke oven, in which there are two openings 3 for supplying the first air. Under the door 2 of the coke oven, the dashed lines 4 show the ducts 4 which pass under the space of the furnace. The holes 5 for supplying the second air to these flues 4 are located near the hearth under these flues 4.

Next, figure 1 shows the overlapping elements 6 of the holes 3 for supplying the first air and the overlapping elements 7 of the holes 5 for supplying the second air. Each overlapping element consists essentially of an overlapping plate 9 and a lever arm 10 and is located on an axis 8 around which a corresponding overlapping element can be rotated. The shoulders 10 of the levers of the overlapping elements 6 are connected with the possibility of a connector with the circuit 11 extending in the circumferential direction, and the overlapping elements 7 are connected with the circumferential circuit 12.

Due to the continuous movement of the chain 11, the overlapping elements 6 can move counterclockwise by an angle α, and the overlapping elements 7 in a clockwise direction by an angle β. The circuits themselves are driven by central actuators 13 or 14.

Figure 2 shows a front view of two coke ovens 1 that are installed for a large battery of coke ovens, as indicated by arrows I and II. Both coke ovens shown are in various coking states, with the overlapping elements 6 slightly overlapping the air supply openings 3. The lever arm 10 in this embodiment is connected to the circumferentially extending chain 11 by means of a smaller chain 15. The design of the secondary air supply openings 5 is similar. In this case, the overlapping elements 7, or their levers shoulders 10, are connected to the circumferentially extending chain 12 by means of smaller chains 16.

The air supply to the left coke oven 1 is already completely shut off, and the lever arm 10 or chain 15 is disconnected from the circumferentially extending chain 11. The overlapping elements 7 for regulating the secondary air of the coke oven 1 shown on the left are in the position just before the overlap, but not yet completely closed. Thus, it can be very well seen that each coke oven 1, despite the general central control, can be individually controlled.

A particular embodiment of the overlapping element 6 or 7 is shown in FIG. This cross-sectional drawing shows a rotationally symmetrical overlapping element 6, which has a truncated cone-shaped overlapping head 17 that is mounted on a cylindrical guide rod 18. The guide rod is rigidly connected to a spring bridge 19 that is attached to the door 2 of the coke oven. The guide rod 18 moves in the guide tube 20 and is connected to the circumferentially extending chain 11 by a small chain 15. By the start of the coking time, the springs of the spring bridge 19 are pre-tensioned due to the expansion, so that the air supply opening is sufficiently open. Due to the movement of the circumferentially extending chain 11, the spring bridge 19 is loosened, the overlapping element 6 moves towards the door 2 of the coke oven and the overlapping head 17 is inserted into the conical hole 3 for supplying air. In this case, the pre-tension should be chosen so that after removing the tension of the chain 15 and the spring bridge 19, the hole 3 for air supply is completely blocked.

Notation list

1 coke oven

2 door coke oven

3 air inlet (first air)

4 flues

5 air holes (second air)

6 overlapping elements (first air)

7 overlapping elements (second air)

8 hinge

9 cover plate

10 shoulder leverage

11 chain (first air)

12 circuit (second air)

13 actuator

14 actuator

15 chain

16 chain

17 overlapping head

18 guide rod

19 spring bridge

20 guide tube

Claims (18)

1. A device for supplying the first and second streams of air for burning gas generated during coking in the coking chambers of coke ovens located in the form of a battery of coke ovens, containing at least one hole for supplying air to each coking chamber for the first air stream, which passes through the corresponding door of the coke oven or framing its wall, and at least one hole for supplying air to each coking chamber for a second air stream, with at least part of the opening air supply, mounted movably overlapping elements are provided, characterized in that
- at least a portion of the overlapping elements of the air supply openings are mechanically connected to an actuating element which is actuated and controlled from a central console, wherein
- the overlapping elements are driven by an actuating element depending on the need for blast air in the coking chambers, while
- the mechanical connection of each individual overlapping element with the central actuating element is implemented separately, and, in particular, the initial position of the individual overlapping element at the beginning of the coking process in the corresponding coking chamber is set apart and independently of the remaining overlapping elements of adjacent coking chambers. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the overlapping elements for the first air flow is mechanically connected to the actuating element and at least a portion of the overlapping elements for the second air flow is mechanically connected to the other actuating element. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating element is a circuit extending in the circumferential direction. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating element is a lead screw. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overlapping elements are overlapping plates, which are arranged so that when actuated by means of a connecting element, they move essentially parallel to the furnace door. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overlapping elements are perpendicularly installed overlapping plates that are rotatably arranged around a central axis extending vertically or horizontally. 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overlapping elements are made of at least overlapping and movable beveled plates relative to each other, which, when partially opened, form a polygonal and point-symmetrical or approximately round transverse section. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overlapping elements have a conical shape, and in the mounted state the top of the cone is directed into the interior of the furnace. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the hole has the same or a larger opening angle than the corresponding cone-shaped overlapping elements. 10. The device according to any one of paragraphs.8 or 9, characterized in that a cone-shaped overlapping element is provided, made with the possibility of moving in the longitudinal direction of the hole, and when partially opened, an annular gap is formed of a round shape. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overlapping element is connected with the actuator in such a way that it is in the final position, when the ventilation hole is completely blocked, is automatically disconnected from the actuator. 12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the overlapping element is connected to the actuating element in such a way that it is in the final position, when the ventilation hole is completely blocked, is automatically disconnected from the actuating element. 13. The method of supplying blast air for burning coke oven gas in the coking chambers of coke ovens arranged in the form of a battery, characterized in that at least one device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is used, wherein
a) after emptying and re-filling the coking chamber, the overlapping elements are returned to their original position, in which the air supply openings are fully or almost completely open, and connected to the central actuating element, then
b) during coking, the overlapping elements are actuated by the central actuating element or central actuating elements in such a way that the overlapping elements continuously cover the air supply openings, and then
c) the overlapping elements of the coking chamber at the latest at the end of the coking time in the respective coking chamber are set to a position in which they completely close the air supply openings of this coking chamber and disconnected from the actuator,
d) repeat the steps from a). 14. The method according to p. 13, characterized in that after the holes are completely closed, the overlapping elements are disconnected from the actuator automatically. 15. The method according to any one of paragraphs.13 and 14, characterized in that the Central actuating element during the entire coking process operates continuously and, basically, with the same average speed or frequency of regulation. 16. The method according to any of paragraphs.13 and 14, characterized in that at least one actuating element for the overlapping elements of the first air stream and at least one central actuating element for the overlapping elements of the second air stream are provided. 17. The method according to clause 16, characterized in that the Central actuator for the first air flow and the Central actuator for the second air flow, independently from each other during the entire coking process, are driven continuously and basically with the same average speed or frequency regulation. 18. The use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 for supplying blast air to the coking chambers of coke ovens located in the form of a battery of coke ovens.

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