RU2393085C1 - Method of producing concrete panels and structures reinforced by basalt fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of construction materials. Method of producing concrete panels and structures reinforced by basalt fibers comprises preparation of mix. Note here that mix is laid into channels formed by lateral casings reinforced by net made from continuous basalt fiber arranged in several lines between core iron rods and, at bottom part, made from wall metal sections. Then said mix is leveled and compacted with the help of vibration bar, aged for 12 hours in frame forms. After cooling and solidification, forms are withdrawn by removing side frames and core iron rods and fibers residues. Then products are pushed onto tray for them to get aged for at least 3 days, under normal conditions. ^ EFFECT: simple method, improved properties of produced concrete structures. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and products, in particular to a method for manufacturing lightweight polystyrene concrete products with high thermal insulation and structural reliability. The purpose of the invention is to increase the structural, operational reliability of polystyrene concrete and structures based on them.

A known method of preparing a polystyrene concrete mixture (RF patent 2090532, CL 04B 28/04), which consists in pre-mixing granular polystyrene with a mixture of saponified wood resin and the waste production of caprolactam from benzene, followed by mixing with cement and water. A known method of manufacturing environmentally friendly, lightweight polystyrene concrete products (RF patent 2082696, class C04B 38/00), which consists in the beginning of the preparation of the mixture in thermostatic processing of polystyrene granules, mixing chemical additives, LMS, cement and water.

Known panel made of polystyrene concrete, made in the form of a rectangular monolithic plate with grooves and ridges - protrusions at the ends (certificate for utility model of the Russian Federation 17329, class E04C 2/00, 03/27/2001).

A known building block made of polystyrene concrete in the form of a closed shell with longitudinal and transverse jumpers that form through channels; at least one lateral side of the block contains spacing protrusions, and a longitudinal groove is made on the upper faces of the lintels (certificate for utility model of the Russian Federation 22490, class E04C 1/00, 04/10/2002).

Physico-mechanical properties of known products are determined along with other characteristics of the properties of polystyrene concrete mix. Such characteristics as, for example, compressive and bending strengths for such products are lower than can be achieved with reinforcing elements.

The known composition of the reinforced polystyrene concrete mixture, the method of its preparation and the method of manufacturing products described in RF patent 2150446, class. СВВ 38/08, 10.06.2000. A known composition for preparing a raw mixture includes, wt.%: Mineral binder (cement) 68-90, polystyrene aggregate (a mixture of particles of expanded polystyrene granules of a fraction of 0.04-1.25 mm and particles of torn expanded polystyrene) 0.7-2, 3, alkali-resistant mineral fiber (fiberglass or mineral wool) 1.4-5.2, air-entraining additive - (SDO) or neutralized air-entraining resin 0.3-0.7, plasticizing additive C-3 0.25-0.55, water the rest. When preparing the mixture, the polystyrene aggregate is moistened with a part of the mixing water in the mixer, then cement, fibrous material, the rest of the mixing water, plasticizing and air-entraining additives are fed and mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. In the manufacture of products, the resulting mixture is fed into the mold, molded products and heat treated at a temperature of 70 ° C.

The closest analogue is the composition of the reinforced polystyrene concrete mixture, the method of its preparation and the method of manufacturing products described in RF patent 2223931.

The known composition includes, wt.%: Portland cement 68-70, expanded polystyrene 3-6, air-entraining additive - washed wood resin (SDO) (dry matter) 0.1-0.2, the rest water; reinforcing material in the form of threads or rods (in excess of 100%) 5-12. When preparing the raw material mixture, granular foamed polystyrene with fractions of a diameter of 3-5 mm is wetted with part of the mixing water with stirring, cement is introduced, the remaining mixing water, air-entraining and plasticizing additives. When molding products, the resulting mixture is fed by pump to the formwork with a frame made of reinforcing material — threads or rods — installed in it, the laid mixture is cured, redistributed and maintained until it cures. The density of the products obtained is 500-800 kg / m ³ , the compressive strength is 17.5-32.5 kg / cm ² , the thermal conductivity is 0.11-0.17 W / (m · ° C).

The reinforcing material in the known method is not mixed with other components of the raw material mixture. The uniformity of its distribution in the resulting product, and therefore the physicomechanical and operational characteristics, are determined by the uniform distribution of threads or rods in the formwork-form and the adhesion strength of the polystyrene concrete mixture with these reinforcing elements.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain a reinforced product from a polystyrene concrete mixture by a fairly simple method, namely, a method of manufacturing panels from this mixture, characterized by a sufficiently high strength, good thermal insulation properties, high frost resistance, vapor permeability and low water absorption.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that to obtain reinforced polystyrene concrete products, a mixture is prepared from granules of foamed polystyrene with hot steam, from saponified wood resin (SDO) and cement, shut with water, while the mixture contains components in the following ratio, wt.%: Cement 64.0 -70.63; granular polystyrene 1.55-1.02; the specified organic additive is 0.18-0.09; water the rest; the mixture is then placed in a core former made of side formwork, reinforced with continuous basalt fiber threads ⌀ from 7 to 15 μm in several rows (the number of rows is determined by the thickness of the product) between opposing steel reinforcing bars and in the lower part from a metal wall profile, level and compacted with a vibrating beam, then produce preliminary exposure for 2 hours in stackable forms, then produce heat treatment for 12 hours. Then, after cooling and hardening, a forming is carried out, including the opening of two opposite sides and the removal of reinforced corrugated rods with cutting of the remainder of the threads, then the pusher is moved to the pallet for the final set of strength, holding for at least 3 days under normal conditions.

Example. Raw components are loaded into a sealed bar mixer when the following ratio, wt.%: Cement 64.0-70.63; granular polystyrene 1.55-1.02; the specified organic additive is 0.18-0.09; water the rest, and mix. The resulting homogeneous mixture is fed by a pneumatic conveyor to the dispensers of the molding line for the manufacture of monolithic panels.

A pore former with a dimensions of 1170 × 2800 mm in rectangular shape consists of 2 removable and 2 stationary formwork for the size of a PS-13 wall metal profile, cut in half and up to 400 mm high. This metal profile is laid on the bottom. On the side of removable formwork, vertically corrugated metal reinforcing bars with a diameter of 8 mm up to 14 pieces are installed on each side with a lower rigid fastening and a distance between the rods of up to 200 mm. Further, these rods are wound filaments of continuous basalt fiber along the width of the panel in several rows along the height of the rods, forming a reinforcement base in the form of a grid (see drawing).

The prepared blowing agent is filled with polystyrene concrete mixture from the dispenser. The mixture placed in the molds is subjected to vibrocompression with a bar for smoothing and compaction. After molding and heat treatment, removable formwork is removed, the residual lengths of the threads are cut from the reinforcing bars, and these rods are removed.

The side of the metal profile is the front side when erecting walls from these panels and can be painted in any color.

It is possible to mold the obtained monolithic panels with a protrusion on one and a groove on the other. The protrusion of the metal profile obtained during this molding is superimposed on another, supplementing also the rigidity of fastening during the construction of these wall panels.

The molded panel is pushed by the pusher to the final set of strength.

It is the specified qualitative and quantitative composition, as well as the method of reinforcing, that makes it possible to obtain in a rather simple way a reinforced panel made of polystyrene concrete mixture, characterized by uniform distribution in volume of granules of expanded polystyrene and reinforcing threads of continuous basalt fiber, resistance to delamination, uniformity of the mixture and formability.

Thus, the proposed method of reinforcing allows the manufacture of products in the form of panels of polystyrene concrete mixture and a metal profile with high physical, mechanical and operational properties.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing basalt fiber reinforced concrete blocks and structures, comprising preparing a mixture, characterized in that the mixture is laid in a blank former from side formwork, reinforced with a continuous basalt fiber mesh in several rows between opposite standing reinforcing bars and at the bottom of a metal wall profile, level and compacted with a vibrating beam, then extract for 12 hours in stackable molds, after cooling and hardening produce rasform Patent Application, the disclosure includes two opposite sides and the removal of the reinforcing bars with grooved by cutting filaments residues pusher is moved further onto the pallet for final curing, exposure of not less than 3 days under normal conditions.

Images