RU2390460C1 - Complex to surface and carry sunken submarines and other ships - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ship lifting and rescue operations. Proposed complex comprises two self-propelled derrick boats furnished with load handling appliances with grippers. The latter comprises frame with rotary driven lugs that can embrace sunken ship without squeezing it. Note here that gripper can vary lengthwise and crosswise gripping angles to rule out suction of hull to bottom. Ship lifted to self-propelled derrick boats, bow and stern adapters-fairings and bottom adapters are attached to form self-propelled floating drydock.

EFFECT: possibility to lift sunken ships from various depth and safe transportation.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding and technical means for performing ship-lifting and rescue operations.

A known complex for lifting wrecks, containing a catamaran type surface vessel and plunger grippers connected by a cargo power cable to a surface vessel with a longitudinal truss carrying submersible vehicles moving along the truss with winches, each serviced by two bridge cranes (patent for an invention RU 2205769

C2). A ship for lifting sunken objects is also known, containing two hulls and transverse beams connecting them, resting on hulls along their diametrical plane by means of a foundation, as well as lifting devices placed on the beams (RU 2284277 C2). Also known is a catamaran-type lifting vessel containing hulls with a power unit mounted on them and a lifting device, containing four columns installed in pairs from the side of the vessel’s inner sides, with the possibility of moving in the vertical plane and four load-bearing rods with a gripping mechanism (copyright certificate No. 885101 M C. CL B63C 7/02).

Known devices for lifting ships have common significant disadvantages inherent in catamaran vessels associated with providing rigidity and strength in marine conditions, and also have a limited depth of immersion of the grips, the need for underwater work to capture the ship (RU 2284277 C2), the difficulty of safe transportation in sea the conditions of the raised vessel in limbo between the hulls of the catamaran; limited device functionality.

These shortcomings are absent in the patented complex for lifting sunken submarines and other vessels.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a set of devices for lifting sunken submarines and other vessels from various, including great depths, without performing complicated underwater technical work to capture the sunken ship and their subsequent safe transportation in sea conditions.

The implementation of the invention will eliminate the disadvantages of the known devices for lifting ships and expand the operational and technical capabilities of the means used, associated with the elimination of underwater operations, increasing the range of lifting ships, their safe transportation to the place of repair or disposal in the water area of shipyards, with limited depth and ability to use the main composite modules, both in the complex for lifting and transporting sunken ships and performing ship repair work, and separately for transshipment of heavy cargo and the lifting of ships on inland waterways. The latter is possible due to the minimum dimensions (hull width, draft and height in the stowed position) of the floating floating equipment used in the complex (SPMKD).

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the complex is made of separate floating modules, combined at the place of the vessel’s lifting into a single ship-lifting complex and transformable, after lifting the vessel, using special attachments into a floating self-propelled dock in which the raised vessel is transported.

Distinctive features is that the complex includes: two autonomous floating lifting means with several lifting devices each, for example, according to patent RU 2320529 C1, interconnected using articulated transverse beams and longitudinal braces, an automatic remotely controlled gripping device with rotary drive paws on a common frame, hung on a ship’s hoisting device, carrying out capture and lifting from various depths of the sunken ship, as well as bow and stern Aviation consoles and bottom consoles - ballasting pontoons that transform the ship-lifting complex into a self-propelled floating drained dock, in which the vessel raised from the bottom is placed and transported. Swivel legs of capture, the quantity, size and shape of which correspond to the vessel to be lifted, are spaced on the frame along the length of the vessel to be lifted in accordance with the distribution of its weight loads, which ensures the safety of the hull of the vessel to be lifted. The swivel legs are individually or jointly driven in any combination by an electro-hydraulic drive including an electric motor, a pump and working hydraulic cylinders connecting the swivel legs to the frame of the gripper. The hull of the sunken ship is covered by swivel paws without compression, by deepening the paws under its hull, lying on the ground. The gripping device, made on a common frame, allows you to change the longitudinal and transverse angles of inclination of the grab together with the vessel freely lying in it after closing the legs, without creating additional loads on its hull and lifting devices when the hull is separated from the ground. This eliminates the very unpleasant “suction effect” of the ship’s hull to the ground and eliminates its damage, which is especially important when lifting nuclear submarines, which requires guaranteeing the safety of the nuclear reactor. For the possibility of lifting wrecks from various, including great depths, freight winches of hoisting devices are made with reeling reels with the possibility of building up freight ropes to the required length by connecting them using locks in series with ropes of several rope coils located in the holds of lifting devices. In order to exclude the gravity of the gripping device from the load of lifting devices, its frame and swivel legs are made of hollow box-like elements that provide zero or positive buoyancy of the gripper, which is eliminated when lowering under water by adopting ballast water released when the sunken ship is raised.

Figure 1 shows a floating ship-lifting complex when capturing and raising a sunken submarine (cross section), figure 2, 3, 4 - ship-lifting modular dock complex (SMKD) with a transported submarine: cross section - figure 2, side view - figure 3, top view - figure 4. Figure 5 and 6 show the bow, stern and bottom consoles in the transport position: side view - figure 5, top view - figure 6.

The patented complex includes the following components: two self-propelled floating means 1 with several lifting devices 2 installed on each, transverse articulated beams 3 and longitudinal extensions 4 connecting the bodies of two lifting means into a single complex, an automatic gripping device 5 with rotary guided legs 6 mounted on a common frame 7, driven individually or jointly by means of an electro-hydraulic drive, including: an electric motor, a pump and working hydraulic linders 8 connecting the rotary paws 6 with the frame 7, bow 9 and stern 10 attachments - fairings, docked respectively with the fore and aft ends of the bodies of floating lifting devices 1, bottom consoles - ballasting pontoons 11 in the form of barge platforms, brought under the bottoms of the lifting bodies means 1 and connected with them using chains with turnbuckles 12, the central control post in the wheelhouse 13, from which the work of the complex for lifting and transporting the sunken ship, cargo winches with rewinding is controlled E drums 14, mating with the cable coils 15 arranged in the lifting means 1 holds.

The work of the patented complex is as follows.

SPMKD modules are quickly delivered to the place of lifting of the sunken ship (AP): self-propelled - two main modules - floating lifting means of heavy lifting capacity 1, a set of modules is towed as part of the bow, stern and bottom attachments (Fig. 5). At the place of lifting the AP two vessels - ship-lifting equipment with cargo devices, are installed parallel to each other along the sunken ship (AP) at their anchors (conventional or floating) or mooring from auxiliary vessels. Using lifting devices 2, the transverse connecting beams 3 and longitudinal extensions 4 are articulated to form a single ship-lifting complex. Then, an automatic gripping device 5 with rotary drive devices using hydraulic cylinders 8 legs 6 is assembled and hung on the hook of the cargo devices 2. On the cable hoists of the cargo devices 2 operating synchronously, the gripping device 5 is lowered in the open form to the sunken ship (AP) and mounted above it to the ground, after which the paw closing mechanism - hydraulic cylinders 8 is turned on. When the paws are closed, the sunken ship (AP) lying on the ground is covered by the paws along its entire length without crimping the hull. In the process of closure, the swivel legs are introduced into the ground under the bottom of the AP without affecting its body. At the same time, the grabbing paws make transverse trenches in the ground under the ground cover, substantially reducing the “suction effect” of the ground cover body to the ground. Complete elimination of the "suction effect" is carried out in the first phase of the rise by changing the longitudinal and transverse angles of inclination of the gripping device with a free-standing LC. Guidance of the gripping device (ZU) to the sunken ship (ZS) and the process of closing the paws are controlled by the operator using a telemonitor from a central control station or from an underwater bathyscaphe. The first stage of aiming the memory at the AP is carried out by moving the ship-lifting modular complex at anchors or mooring from auxiliary vessels. The second, more accurate, stage of guidance of the disclosed memory is carried out using cargo devices according to the operator’s commands from the bathyscaphe. After the paws are locked, the cargo winches are turned on at different speeds, providing a change in the angle of inclination of the grapple and thereby eliminating the “suction effect”. At the same time, the housing of the ЗС freely lies in the lodgements-paws of the charger and does not experience additional loads, which excludes its rupture. After raising the AP to a certain height above the bottom, the ship-lifting complex is installed with its nose against the waves on the floating anchors and the sunken ship continues to rise to the surface. At the end of the lifting of the AP, ballasting pontoons-modules are brought under the bottoms of the main ship modules, attached to the hulls of the lifting means using chains 12. The bow 9 and stern 10 are attached floating fairings, which together with the two ships form a ship-lifting modular dock complex with the necessary seaworthiness . Kilblocks are brought under the AP and water is pumped out of the inner confined space of the dock, after which the lifted vessel is transported to the place of repair or disposal with minimal dock draft, which allows it to be launched into the shallow water area of the plant. Management SPMKD when lifting and transporting a sunken ship is carried out from the central post 13 on the bow of the conductor 9.

The effectiveness of the implementation of the patented complex for lifting sunken submarines and other vessels determines:

- the ability to quickly deliver SPMKD modules to various water areas to eliminate the consequences of accidents and disasters and quickly prepare the complex for work on lifting the vessel;

- the possibility of lifting submarines (primarily nuclear) from various, including sufficiently large depths, with guaranteed safety of the hull of the lifted nuclear submarines and their nuclear reactors in the state in which they are;

- the absence of the need for labor-consuming and expensive underwater technical work and the involvement of deep-sea divers for the sinking of a sunken ship;

- the minimum complexity of the lifting operations;

- the possibility of multiple use of SPMKD for the subsequent recovery of sunken submarines and other vessels;

- multifunctionality of SPMKD: use for raising sunken submarines and other vessels, for transporting emergency vessels and other large-size and large-capacity objects, for docking and repair of vessels, the possibility of using the entire complex as a whole, and its main modules separately, including for inland waterways for hoisting vessels and transshipment of heavy and bulky products.

Claims (4)

1. Complex for lifting and transporting sunken submarines and other ships, characterized in that it is made of separate self-propelled and non-self-propelled floating modules, combined at the place of lifting of the sunken ship into a single ship-lifting modular dock complex (SPMKD), carrying out the lifting and subsequent transportation of the sunken the vessel at sea, and includes two autonomous floating lifting equipment with several lifting devices each, interconnected using articulated transverse beams and longitudinal stretch marks, a removable automatic, remotely controlled gripping device with rotary drive legs on a common frame, hung on ship's hoisting devices, bow and stern floating consoles-fairings, attached respectively to the fore and aft ends of the bodies of floating lifting means - main modules, and bottom consoles - ballasting pontoons, made in the form of barge platforms, brought under the bottoms of the hulls of the main modules after lifting the sunken ship, attach they are brought to them with the help of chains with turnbuckles, forming, together with the hulls of the lifting means, a closed drained space in the form of a floating self-propelled dock in which the vessel raised from the bottom is placed and transported. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the cargo winches of the floating lifting devices are made with reeling reels with the possibility of building up the cargo ropes by connecting them with locks in series with the ropes of several rope coils located in the holds of the floating lifting devices. 3. The complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the removable gripper mounted on the ship's hoisting devices of floating lifting means is made on a common frame with several rotary drive legs, the shape of which corresponds to the vessel to be lifted, spaced on the frame along the length of the vessel to be lifted in accordance with the distribution of its weight load, driven individually or jointly by means of an electro-hydraulic drive including an electric motor, a pump and working hydraulic cylinders, connecting e swivel legs with a gripper frame, covering the hull of the sunken ship without crimping it by deepening the swivel legs under its hull, lying on the ground, allowing you to change the longitudinal and transverse angles of inclination of the capture together with the vessel lying freely in it, without creating additional loads on its hull in the first phase of the lift when the hull is separated from the ground, thereby eliminating the “suction effect” of the hull to the ground. 4. The complex according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the frame and legs of the gripping device are made of hollow box-shaped elements having zero or positive buoyancy, which is eliminated when lowering the gripper under water by adopting ballast water released when the sunken ship is raised.

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