RU2386239C2 - Method of cultivation of mushroom phallus impudicus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, particularly to cultivation of mushrooms. The method consists in preparing and seeding mycelium into substrate. A layer of sawdust mulch under horticulture plants is used as substrate for cultivation of mycothallus. Mycelium cultivated on sawdust mixture from spores produced from a cap of opened mushroom Phallus Impudicus of from the cap of the mushroom with spores ground in moist sawdust mixture. Sawdust mixture with spores is put into a package which is left for incubation at temperature 16-25°C to spores germination and mycelium growth in sawdust substrate for 20-30 days. Further sawdust substrate populated with mycelium is introduced by portions under sawdust mulch or into thickness of sawdust mulch exceeding 10 cm and located under horticulture plants. Then mycothallus is grown in sawdust mulch during one year, is harvested and used according to intended purpose. As substrate for mycelium germination and for mulch there is used mixture of any sawdust including sawdust of conifers: pine, silver fir and larch.

EFFECT: invention facilitates cultivating mushrooms on garden plot and facilitates increased yield of mycothallus of Phallus Impudicus.

1 dwg

Description

The method of cultivating the fungus Veselka vulgaris refers to the field of cultivation and cultivation of natural mushrooms under artificial conditions, namely the fungus Veselka vulgaris, the Veselkov family (Phallus impudicus), a genus of Gasteromycetes.

A known method of growing mushrooms ringworm (RF Patent No. 2065263, CL. 6 A01G 1/04, publ. 1996). It consists in the preparation of the substrate, which is used as bales of compressed straw, the sowing of the mycelium is carried out by making half the planting norm in the substrate, and the rest is applied to the surface of the substrate.

Also known is a method of stimulating the growth of champignons and oyster mushrooms (RF Patent No. 2160000, Cl. 7 A01G 1/04, publ. 2000). It includes the treatment of mycelium before sowing during the period of fruit formation of the surface of the substrate with mycelium epibrassinolide.

The closest known method is the cultivation of oyster mushroom (RF Patent No. 2284099 C1, Cl. 8 A01G 1/04, publ. 2006). It includes the preparation and seeding of mycelium in the substrate.

The proposed method also includes the preparation and seeding of mycelium in the substrate.

New in it is that as a substrate for growing fruit bodies of the fungus, a layer of sawdust mulch under garden plants is used — either strawberries, or lilies, or apple trees. Inoculation is made with mycelium grown on a sawdust mixture from spores obtained from a hat or an opened fungus Veselka vulgaris, or a hat of a mushroom with spores is ground in a wet sawdust mixture and placed in a bag, after which they are placed for incubation at a temperature of 16-25 ° C until spores germinate and growth of mycelium in the sawdust substrate for 20-30 days. The sawdust substrate populated by mycelium is added in portions under the sawdust mulch or in the thickness of the sawdust mulch in excess of 10 cm and located under the garden plants. The next year, under the plants, in the sawdust mulch receive the fruiting bodies of the fungus, which are collected and used for their intended purpose: either for medicinal purposes, or as a source of spores for subsequent sowing in new areas. On the sown area of sawdust mulch under garden plants, the fruiting bodies of the fungus Veselka vulgaris have been growing for several years. As a substrate for the germination of mycelium and for mulch, a mixture of any sawdust, including coniferous species: pine, fir, larch, etc. is used.

An option is a method of cultivating the fungus Veselka vulgaris, in which the source of the spore of the fungus is not ripe mushroom caps, but peeled young fruiting bodies, which are placed in a single layer in a damp sawdust mixture 10-15 cm thick of any tree species, including conifers: pine, larch, etc. There is a "ripening" of the fruiting bodies and their germination to the final sexually mature phase, that is, until the hat of the fruiting body with spores.

Sawdust should be wet. A container for "incubation" can serve as plastic dishes: buckets, basins, etc. A layer of sawdust mulch is made in the range up to 15-20 cm. Plastic bags are used as packages.

Under such conditions, in 3-7 days, young fruiting bodies, both peeled and uncleaned, mature, germinate, forming a hat with spores. Hats of incubated mushrooms are further used for inoculating the sawdust mixture.

That is, once acquired mycelium or a mushroom found in nature after inoculation with sawdust spores and cultivation of mycelium annually and in multiple increases, can become a source of spores for further cultivation of mycelium.

The photo shows a group of Veselka vulgaris mushrooms. They contain the cap and body of the fungus in the form of a leg or stem of a mushroom.

The technical result is the possibility of cultivating the forest Veselka vulgaris on the garden plot, tested empirically for more than five years.

Also, this method is easily applicable in potted (with a large volume of substrate) culture, for example, on strawberries, when sawdust is used as a substrate. In this case, either spores or mycelium are introduced into the sawdust substrate in the manner described.

The fungus Veselka vulgaris is a saprophyte (eating wood waste) and a symbiont capable of forming an optional (optional) form of symbiosis (mycorrhiza) with garden plants, and not just forest ones.

Therefore, it is relevant to use it simultaneously in two versions: as a powerful saprophyte, splitting any sawdust used as mulch, and as a symbiont mushroom capable of forming mycorrhiza with garden plants.

In addition, the fungus Veselka vulgaris is a healing fungus and is used in both official and traditional medicine. Therefore, the question of cultivating it in the garden plot is very relevant as a way to obtain fruiting bodies and preserving the fungus in nature from predatory destruction by collectors of valuable raw materials - young fruiting bodies of the fungus. In other words, the described method of cultivating Veselka vulgaris is an alternative to preserving a rare Red Book and a very valuable mushroom in nature.

In this way - cultivation on a sawdust mulch with preliminary cultivation of mycelium on a sawdust mulch - you can grow all the Red Book mushrooms of the Veselkov family: Mutinus canine, Mutinus Ravenel, double Setkonosku, etc.

All of them grow well and bear fruit in the garden. This method of growing allows you to get up to 100 fruiting bodies with 5-10 m ² .

Claims (2)

1. The method of cultivating the fungus Veselka vulgaris, including the preparation and inoculation of mycelium into a substrate, characterized in that a layer of sawdust mulch under garden plants is used as a substrate for growing fruit bodies of the fungus, inoculation is made with mycelium grown on a sawdust mixture from spores obtained from a hat the uncovered fungus Veselka vulgaris, or the cap of the mushroom with spores, ground in a damp sawdust mixture, which is placed in a bag, and then put for incubation at a temperature of 16-25 ° C until germination of sp spores and growth of mycelium in the sawdust substrate for 20-30 days, then the sawdust substrate populated with mycelium is added in portions under the sawdust mulch or in the thickness of the sawdust mulch exceeding 10 cm and located under the garden plants, then in the sawdust mulch grown for one year fruit the bodies of the fungus, which are collected and used for their intended purpose, and as a substrate for the germination of mycelium and for mulch, a mixture of any sawdust, including coniferous species: pine, fir, larch, is used. 2. The method of cultivating the fungus Veselka vulgaris fungus according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of the spores of the fungus is taken peeled immature fruiting bodies, which are placed in a single layer in a wet sawdust mixture with a thickness of 10-15 cm of any tree species, including coniferous: pine trees, larch fir.

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