RU2370651C2 - Working equipment of shaft loading machine with controlled bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining engineering.

SUBSTANCE: working equipment of the shaft loading machine with controlled bucket comprises a movable operating element consisting of pivotally connected hydraulic ram 6 and controlled bucket 7, mounting plate 1 equipped with a tillable spar 2 with a slewing gear 3, an arm 4 pivotally mounted on the tillable spar 2, a pivotally connected dipper arm 5 to the bottom end of which the movable operating element is mounted by its hydraulic ram 6, hydraulic racks 8 and 10 for arm and dipper arm rotation in a vertical plane. The operating element is equipped with two powered hydraulic racks 12, the housings of which are ball 13 jointed to the mounting racks 14 rigidly fixed on the hydraulic ram 6 housing and rods are connected to the yoke 15 of the controlled bucket by means of single pivot joints. The controlled bucket is connected to the hydraulic ram by means of a ball connector. The hydraulic rack 8 controlling boom swing in a vertical plane is connected with its top end to the mounting plate 1 by means of a ball connector 9 with a possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane together with the arm 4. The slewing gear of the tillable spar 2 is in the form of hydraulic rack jack 3.

EFFECT: improved mechanisation and increased capacity when charging mined rock into transport facilities when mounting vertical shafts.

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Description

The invention relates to mining. Designed to increase the level of mechanization and productivity when loading rock mass into vehicles in the process of holding vertical shafts that can be drilled and blasted.

Barrel loaders equipped with the proposed working equipment with a controlled grab can be used not only for loading, but also for cleaning the rock mass in the last phase of loading.

Well-known stem loaders according to N.A. Malevich. Machines and complexes of equipment for sinking vertical shafts. M .: Nedra, 1975, p. 59-72. These are KS-2u / 40, 2KS-2u / 40, KSM-2u, KS-1MA, 2KS-1MA cars.

All considered machines have a similar structural device. Their working equipment consists of a six-blade grab, hoist and winch. As additional devices that should be classified as working equipment include: a radial frame, an annular or other monorail, a trolley of rotation, and a central axis of the suspension.

A six-bladed grab is suspended by a rope through a block (s) to a hoist that moves along a radial frame with a winch. When loading the rock mass into the bucket, the grab needs to move not only in the radial direction, but also around the circumference. The last movement is carried out with the help of a bogie moving on an annular monorail.

The disadvantages of the working equipment of the machines under consideration are the great complexity of the design, the need for sequential performance of certain operations: lowering the grab to the bottom with subsequent lifting, moving the hoist along the radial frame and angular movement of the grab with the frame to the unloading place - the loading cycle is lengthened and, therefore, the productivity decreases. In addition, the flexible connection of the grab with the lifting device (hoist) does not allow to clean the rock mass at the walls of the barrel in the last phase of loading due to overturning of the grab.

Known barrel loader design Bleyer (N.A. Malevich. Machines and complexes of equipment for sinking vertical trunks. M: Nedra, 1975, p. 73, 74).

The operating equipment of the Blair stem loader is much simpler in design than discussed above. It consists of a boom movable in the vertical plane, pivotally connected to a rotary turret, and a suspended rope through a grab block. Raising and lowering the grab can be carried out simultaneously by an arrow and a winch.

The disadvantages of the equipment under consideration are: the possibility of holding a barrel of a given diameter (limitation on the boom reach), blocking (tipping) of the grab with significant resistance on a single blade, and the inability to strip the face at the barrel walls in the last loading phase.

The well-known design of the stem boring machine KS-12 according to N.A. Malevich. Machines and complexes of equipment for sinking vertical shafts. M .: Nedra, 1975, p. 75-80.

The driving mechanism of this machine consists of a rack to which are attached: the driver’s cab, boom, stick, hydraulic jacks of the boom and sticks, and a driving trolley. Thus, the driving mechanism is the entire structure of a boring machine, with the exception of the monorail, along which the driving mechanism is moved by means of a driving trolley.

Specifically, the working equipment includes a stand, an arrow, a handle, hydraulic jacks for an arrow and a handle, a six-blade grab suspended by a rope from a pneumatic winch mounted on the end of the handle. The project to use the KS-3 as a working body, consisting of a pneumatic hoist with a grab from a shaft loading machine with manual driving and pivotally securing it at the end of the handle, was not used due to the impossibility of scooping up the rock mass in the central part of the barrel bottom, since small the dimensions along the length of the boom and stick at their almost horizontal position did not allow the working body to reach the bottom when it moves away as the rock mass is loaded.

The advantage of the working equipment of the KS-12 boring machine is a wide range of diameters of conducted shafts of 4.5-8 m.

The disadvantages include: suspension of the grab on the rope (instability of the grab on the bottom during scooping); the need to move the entire machine along the monorail (mounted on the bottom-hole formwork) when loading the rock mass, since the working equipment does not have the ability to rotate in a horizontal plane relative to the vertical axis of the rack.

Also known is a barrel loader “Loader” (N. A. Malevich. Machines and complexes of equipment for sinking vertical shafts. M: Nedra, 1975, p. 57-58).

The working equipment of the machine in question includes a frame, a carriage, an arrow with a handle pivotally mounted on it, a grab, a pneumatic winch mounted on the upper end of the handle and used to raise and lower the grab, hydraulic jacks for changing the position of the arrow and handle in the vertical plane and a mast for arc turning the worker equipment in the horizontal plane.

The disadvantages include the following: suspension of the grab on the rope - instability of its position when scooping up the rock mass; small amplitude along the height of the boom due to the placement of its jack on the mast mast, the small length of the boom, as well as the placement of the driver’s cab directly under the boom.

The closest in design and operating principle is the working equipment “Barrel loading device”, known by A.S. USSR No. 881329, 11/25/1981.

The considered working equipment “Barrel loading device” consists of radial, vertical and circular mechanisms for moving the grab. The radial movement mechanism includes an arrow, a handle and their power jacks. The vertical movement mechanism is a hoist (of unknown design), which is attached to the end of the handle by a rope. The mechanism of circular movement (more correctly - arc or sector rotation) of an unknown structural device and principle of operation.

The disadvantages of working equipment include: uncontrollability and instability of the grab in the face during scooping of rock mass; small amplitude along the height of the boom due to the placement of the jack of its rotation on the rotary mechanism.

Based on the foregoing, there is a need to develop a more advanced structural scheme of the working equipment of a barrel loading machine with the possibility of loading the entire height of the rock mass destroyed by explosive blasting, as well as stripping the face near the barrel walls in the last phase of loading.

The objective of the present invention is to develop the design of universal working equipment for barrel loading machines with rigid kinematic connections between the individual links. The working equipment under development should ensure loading of the rock mass in a wide range with a scooping radius exceeding half the diameter of the conducted shaft, as well as allowing stripping of the face near the barrel walls in the last loading phase.

According to the invention, the objectives are achieved in that the working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab, including a mounting plate with a rotary mast mounted on it and a rack and pinion hydraulic gear for its rotation, a boom mounted pivotally on a rotary mast, a hinge connected to it, a grab, a hydraulic lift hydraulic jacks for controlling the position of the boom, handle and control of the grab, characterized in that to the free end of the elongated handle through a single hinge a working body is connected, which consists of a controlled grab, a hydraulic hoist, which serves to raise and lower the grab to the bottom, and two control hydraulic jacks interconnected by articulated links. At the same time, the controlled grab has the possibility of limited rotation in vertical and full rotation in horizontal planes, as well as fixing its various position in these planes with the help of two control hydraulic jacks connected to the hydraulic jack by means of struts and ball or cardan joints rigidly fixed on it, and with a traverse single-hinged grab. The control hydraulic jacks are installed at spatial angles to the vertical axis of the working body. A hydraulic jack for turning (moving) an elongated boom in a vertical plane with its upper end is connected to the mounting plate by means of a ball or cardan joint with the possibility of turning in the horizontal plane together with the boom, which reduces the size and weight of the swivel mast and mounting plate, and the lower end with an extended boom single hinge.

Significant differences are the following.

1. The working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab, including a mounting plate with a swivel mast mounted on it and a rack and pinion hydraulic gear for its rotation, a boom mounted pivotally on a swivel mast, a gimbal connected to it, a hydraulic jack, a grab, a hydraulic jack for operating handle and grab has a working body, consisting of a hydraulic hoist, a controlled grab and two control hydraulic jacks and interconnected pivotally. The working body is connected to the free end of the elongated handle by a single hinge, which allows to exclude the deviation of the working body from the vertical with a fixed position of the handle and boom during scooping.

2. The controlled grab is connected to the hydraulic lift by means of a ball or cardan joint and has the possibility of limited rotation in vertical and full rotation in horizontal planes and fixing of its various position by means of two hydraulic jacks installed at spatial angles to the longitudinal axis of the working body. At the same time, the control hydraulic jacks by means of ball or cardan joints are connected by the upper ends to the struts rigidly mounted on the hydraulic lift housing, and the lower ends are single hinges with a traverse of the controlled grab.

3. The hydraulic jack for rotating (moving) the extended boom in the vertical plane with the upper end is connected to the mounting plate by means of a ball or cardan joint with the possibility of rotation in horizontal and vertical planes, and the lower end is connected with a single hinge to the boom. This method of placement and connection of the hydraulic jack allows to reduce the size and weight of the swivel mast and mounting plate.

4. The use of elongated booms and sticks allows unloading from the bottom of the destroyed rock mass to a great depth and with a large radius from one installation of working equipment or the entire barrel loading machine.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1. General constructive scheme of the working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab.

Figure 2. General view of the mounting plate with equipment placed on it.

Figure 3. The kinematic diagram of the rack and pinion hydraulic mechanism of the rotary mast.

Figure 4. General view (view A of Fig. 1) of a working body with a controlled grab, pivotally connected to the free end of the handle.

Figure 1 presents a General structural diagram of the working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab. It consists of a mounting plate 1, on which a rotary mast 2 is mounted with a rack and pinion hydraulic mechanism 3 for its rotation. An extended boom 4 is attached to the rotary mast 2 by means of a single hinge with the possibility of limited rotation in the vertical plane. An extended arm 5 is hingedly connected to the boom 4. A working body consisting of a hydraulic hoist 6 and a controlled grab 7 is connected to the lower end of the handle 5 by a single hinge. The boom 4 is rotated in a vertical plane by means of a hydraulic jack 8 attached to the mounting plate 1 by means of a ball hinge 9 The rotation of the elongated handle 5 relative to the boom 4 is carried out by a hydraulic jack 10. The rotary mast 2 is mounted on the base plate 1 using the upper and lower supports 11.

The control hydraulic jacks 12 are used to implement a limited rotation in vertical and complete rotation in the horizontal planes of the controlled grab, as well as for fixing its various position. The control hydraulic jacks 12 with their upper ends by means of ball joints 13 are attached to the uprights 14, rigidly fixed on the body of the hydraulic lift 5, and the lower ends with single hinges with a traverse 15 of the controlled grab 7.

The controlled grab 7 is connected to the hydraulic lift 5 by means of a ball joint 16.

Elongated boom 4 and handle 5 allow you to serve most of the bottom of the barrel. In this case, the distance between the extreme - upper and lower positions of the elongated boom 4 must correspond to the thickness of the rock mass layer destroyed by the explosive blasting.

Figure 1 presents three positions of the working equipment and two positions of the working body. I - the position of the working equipment, when the boom is horizontal, and the handle with the working body is vertical. In this position, the rock is loaded from the central zone of the trunk. II - the extreme upper position of the working equipment. Scooping of rock mass by the working body in the initial phase of loading. III - the position of the working equipment when cleaning the rock mass near the walls of the barrel in the last phase of loading. IV - the working body of the working equipment in the lower position before the disclosure of the grab for the subsequent scooping of the rock mass.

Figure 2 presents a General view of the mounting plate 1 (view in plan). Mounted on the mounting plate 1: swivel mast 2, rack and pinion gear 3 for turning the mast 2, upper and lower supports 11 for pivot mast, mounting rack and pinion hydraulic jack 17, socket 18 for mounting the ball joint 9 of the hydraulic jack 8 for rotating the boom and bracket 19 for mounting the boom 4.

Figure 3 presents the kinematic diagram of a rack and pinion hydraulic rotary mechanism 3, consisting of a rack and pinion hydraulic jack 20 and gear 21, rigidly mounted on the rotary mast 2.

Figure 4 presents the General structural diagram of the working body, consisting of a hydraulic hoist 6 and a controlled grab 7. The working body is suspended from the free end of the handle 5 using a single hinge 22. The controlled grab 7 with the help of hydraulic jacks 12 is rotated in a vertical plane with their synchronous movement perpendicular to figure 4. When asynchronous (opposite) movement of the hydraulic jacks 12 controlled grapple 7 is rotated in the plane of figure 4. With unidirectional movements of the control hydraulic jacks 12 with different speeds, the controlled grab 7 can be rotated at different angles in plan and also fixed in a predetermined position.

The controlled grab 7 is connected to the hydraulic lift 6 by means of a ball joint 16 with the possibility of rotation in any direction. Turns of the controlled grab are carried out using two control hydraulic jacks 12, which are connected with the upper parts to the uprights 14, rigidly mounted on the body of the hydraulic hoist 6, by means of ball joints 13, and the lower parts are single hinges with brackets 23 of the crosshead 15 of the controlled grab.

The principle of operation of the working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab.

In the first phase of loading the rock mass working equipment is installed in position II (figure 1). In this case, the controlled grab 7 is located from the bottom of the face at a distance equal to the stroke length of the hydraulic lift 6 (the stroke length of the hydraulic lift is determined by the height of the vehicle - usually the height of the tub). As the unloading (harvesting) of the rock mass from the bottom of the barrel, the working equipment is gradually transferred to position I with a further rotation of the handle in the opposite direction from the mounting plate 1. This is the average phase of loading the rock mass.

At the final (last) phase of loading with cleaning the rock mass near the walls of the barrel, the working equipment occupies position III.

Claims (1)

The working equipment of a barrel loading machine with a controlled grab, including a working body consisting of a hydraulic jack articulated between each other and a controlled grab, a mounting plate with a rotating mast mounted on it with a mechanism for its rotation, an arrow mounted pivotally on a rotating mast, pivotally connected to it, to the lower end of which the working body is pivotally connected with its hydraulic lift, hydraulic jacks for rotating the boom and handle in a vertical plane, characterized in that for Providing the possibility of limited rotation of the controlled grapple in two mutually perpendicular vertical planes, as well as full rotation in the horizontal plane, the working body is equipped with two control hydraulic jacks, the housings of which are connected via spherical joints with racks rigidly fixed to the hydraulic jack body, and the rods are connected through single hinges to traverse controlled grapple, which in turn is connected with a hydraulic lift by means of a ball joint, while the hydraulic jack on Orochi boom in the vertical plane of the upper end connected with the mounting plate ball joint rotatably in a horizontal plane together with the boom and masts pivot steering gear designed as a rack and pinion hydraulic jack.

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