RU2365824C1 - Heating-cooking fireplace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat-and-power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heating field, particularly to fireplaces, and can be used in devices for creation of comfort in living spaces and as domestic oven for solid fuel. Heating-cooking fireplace includes installed on basis fire box with door in front wall, barscreen, ash dump, after-burning chamber, formed by plate retainer, one of which is installed neraby back wall and allows horizontal section, inlet opening for feeding of secondary air into after-burning chamber, chimney flue, cooking plate, located over after-burning chamber, and convector. Plate retainer nearby back wall is installed rigidly on-the-mitre to back wall, the other, forming after-burning chamber, plate retainer, allwing from two sides along the full length excurved collars and flame bump stop, welded to it perpendicularly by middle line, installed on-the-mitre to front wall with formation between them of slot. Inlet port for feeding of secondary air into after-burning chamber is formed by means of installation of fire box door so that between it and front wall of fire box it is formed slot. Support and basis of fire box form in fireplace pocket, for firewood drying. Specified convector is installed at walls of fire box so that heat carrier there is air.

EFFECT: heating time reduction of space, reduction of structure specific quantity of metal.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heating, namely to fireplaces, and can be used in devices for creating comfort in residential premises and as a household stove for solid fuel.

Known fireplace RU No. 38500, IPC F24B 1/18, F24B 5/00, publ. 06/20/2004, including a hearth furnace, a door, openings in the walls of the furnace for air supply, equipped with valves, a guide plate, an afterburner and a chimney that is adjacent to the rear wall of the furnace and is equipped with control flaps. Under the firebox it is made continuous, and its front edge forms a curly gap between the hearth and the door. The afterburner is placed under the hearth, connected to the furnace through a slot and made in the form of a metal box. The door is made of heat-resistant material and simultaneously closes the working hole of the furnace and the afterburner. Air ducts are made in the heat-sensitive base, through which the heat of the hot tray is also distributed into the room.

The disadvantage of this fireplace is that this design does not provide high heat transfer, since the afterburner is located below the hearth and heat transfer occurs only from the bottom tray, i.e. the location of the afterburner under the hearth is less efficient than the afterburner above the furnace. Since the door simultaneously closes the firebox and the afterburner, it is impossible to open the door until all the firewood has burned out, otherwise smoke will be observed in the room. The guide plate breaks the flame flow and directs the flame down against the natural upward movement of the flame. The upper part of the fireplace will not heat up sufficiently as the main part of the hot gases is directed down into the afterburner, which reduces the heat transfer from the fireplace. The presence of moving parts in the high-temperature zone reduces the resource of the fireplace, complicates the operation process and creates inconvenience. One of the obvious drawbacks of the fireplace is the lack of a decorative kind of flame due to the guide plate installed in this way. It can be assumed that in this design the door will be planted.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a furnace according to the international application WO 9936731, IPC F24B 1/189, 5/00, publ. 07/22/1999, intended for burning wood, including a firebox, grate, inlets for secondary air, a afterburner located above the aforementioned stove, as well as a smoke channel connected to the above afterburner. The gas duct for the flame flow begins at the upper edge of the furnace, includes guide plates with low heat capacity and changes the direction of the flame flow first in the horizontal direction and then in the vertical direction, after which the direction of the gas flame changes almost 180 ° and the above combustion gases almost immediately are sent down to the combustion pipeline located directly behind the above furnace. Then the gases rise up, washing the above-mentioned downward combustion pipeline. The guide plates are mounted alternately successively in an almost vertical gas duct, the cross-sectional area of which, relative to the area of the actual part of the furnace, i.e. the above grate is from about 0.6: 1 to 0.3: 1.5. The hole for the preheated secondary air is a narrow gap that leads into the above combustion chamber. The slot, as a rule, is located in the middle of the height of the furnace, the second feed slot is located at the top of the front door of the furnace. The downward pipeline has a triangular cross section. The smoke channel is located mainly vertically and forms a heat exchange chamber, which surrounds the aforementioned triangular downward pipe from two sides. The rear wall of the furnace, which is preferably made of sheet metal or the like, is thin material, is essentially one wall in the downward pipe and is also a wall for one part of the secondary air channel, which creates a heating mechanism for the above secondary air. The heating channels for fresh air pass, as a rule, vertically through the above structure from one end to the other.

The disadvantage of this design is the large length of the chimneys and heat transfer channels, which leads to a complication of the structure, an increase in metal consumption and, as a consequence, an increase in the weight of the structure and its cost. The furnace is insulated with refractory material, which increases the heating time of the room from the walls of the furnace. Heat transfer occurs mainly through a heat exchanger. To install the furnace additional work is required on the installation and surface finishing with refractory material. When the furnace is kindled or when the door is opened, it is possible to smoke in the room, since the guide plate is connected to the upper part of the front wall of the furnace without a gap and the secondary air entering through the slot above the door does not immediately enter the afterburner, but is forced to wash the plate. Such fastening of the guide plate creates the preconditions for the collection of smoke in the dead zone of the furnace at the top of the door.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional heating and cooking fireplace, simplifying the design and installation, increasing the intensity of heat exchange between the combustion products of the fuel and the heat-removing surfaces of the structure, creating safety and comfort during the operation of the fireplace.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to reduce the time of heating the room, reducing the metal structure, eliminating hard infrared radiation, reducing the time of drying firewood in a niche.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the heating and cooking fireplace, including a firebox with a door, a grate, an ash pan, an inlet for secondary air, guide plates, an afterburner and a chimney, additionally contains a support on which the furnace is installed, a hob located above the chamber afterburning, a niche for drying wood, located in the fireplace body between its base and the support of the furnace, the walls of the furnace are closed by a convector, a guide plate installed at the front wall of the furnace forms a gap with this wall, on the guide plate itself is made of flame impingement plate.

The problem is also solved due to the fact that the flame chipper is made in the form of a plate perpendicular to the entire length of the guide plate located at the front wall of the furnace.

In addition, the guide plate, rigidly mounted at an angle to the rear wall of the furnace, has a horizontal section in its upper part.

The door is made of transparent heat-resistant glass.

The convection channels formed by the convector and the walls of the fireplace are covered from above with decorative grilles with convection openings.

Thus, the installation of the furnace on a support allows you to increase the rigidity of the structure and safety of operation. The presence of a hob expands the functions of the fireplace and creates convenience for cooking. A niche for firewood is blown by convection currents, and firewood is dried not only due to the radiation of the furnace, but also due to the movement of air, which significantly reduces the drying time. To exclude hard infrared radiation from the metal walls of the fireplace, convection channels are provided that are formed between the walls of the furnace and the walls of the convector, as well as between the walls of the convector and the walls of the heating-cooking fireplace. Thanks to the presence of convection channels, the heating time of the room is reduced and comfortable conditions are created. The installation of a flame striker on the guide plate allows you to change the direction of the gas-flame flow, extend its path, and therefore increase the heat removal from the furnace surfaces. The gap between this plate and the front wall of the furnace allows the secondary air to freely enter the afterburner. The presence of a horizontal section in the upper part of the guide plate, rigidly mounted at an angle to the rear wall of the furnace, allows you to form a afterburner and direct the gas flow under the hob, which accelerates the process of heating. The angles of inclination of the guide plates, the flame striker and their dimensions are selected taking into account the fact that the cross-sectional area of the combustion channel should not be less than the cross-section of the outlet. The furnace hole is closed by a door made of heat-resistant glass, which, firstly, allows you to create a closed combustion chamber and thereby achieve optimal combustion modes, and secondly, performs an aesthetic function and allows you to admire the flame of burning logs. The operation of the heating and cooking fireplace can be done with the door open.

The above objectives and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by way of a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 - General view of the heating and cooking fireplace without a side wall;

figure 2 is an axial section of a heating and cooking fireplace;

figure 3 - diagram of the device of the furnace.

The heating and cooking fireplace includes a base 1, a firebox, which is mounted on a support 2 and consists of a front wall 3, side walls 4, a rear wall 5 and a bottom 6. The top of the firebox is limited by a hob 7, which is closed by a lid 8 with convection holes and a casing 9 s convection holes. On the bottom 6 of the furnace there is a grate 10 that separates the furnace from the ash pan body 11 with an ash box 12. Inside the furnace, guide plates 13 and 14 are installed. The guide plate 13 is rigidly welded to the side walls 4 of the furnace, installed at an angle to the front wall 3 of the furnace with the formation of a gap 15 between them. The guide plate 13 on both sides along the entire length has bent edges that give rigidity, and along the middle line of the guide plate 13 the flame chimney 16 is welded to the entire length and perpendicular to it. A guide plate 14 is rigidly mounted at an angle to the back wall 5 of the furnace. in its upper part, a horizontal section 17. The guide plate 13, equipped with a flame chimney 16, with the guide plate 14 create a labyrinth combustion channel 18. The combustion channel 18 is connected to the flue gas afterburner 19, which forms van guide plates 13 and 14, the walls of the furnace in its upper part and the stove 7.

On the front wall 3 of the furnace, a furnace hole is made, which is limited by the furnace door 20 made of heat-resistant glass. The door 20 is installed so that between the furnace door 20 and the front wall 3 of the furnace, a slot 21 is installed, which is an inlet for the intake of secondary air into the afterburner. A guard 22 is installed at the bottom of the furnace opening to prevent fuel from falling out of the heating and cooking fireplace. The rear wall 5 of the furnace and the side walls 4 of the furnace are closed by a convector 23. The front wall 3 of the furnace is closed by a protective screen 24.

The heating and cooking fireplace also includes a rear wall 25 and side walls 26, which are installed on the base of the fireplace with a clearance with a convector 23. In the upper part of the heating and cooking fireplace, decorative grilles 27 with convection openings are installed in the gap between the convector 23 and the side walls of the fireplace 26. In the lower part of the fireplace between the base 1 of the fireplace and the support 2 there is a niche 28 for drying firewood.

In the upper part of the back wall 5 of the furnace, a remote exhaust channel for flue gases is made, which contains side walls 29 and a central wall 30 made at an angle to the horizontal. The exhaust channel ends with an exhaust hole 31 in the plate, to which a pipe 32 is welded for connection with a chimney.

The side walls 4 of the furnace and the convector 23 are made with beveled corners at the rear wall, and the side walls 26 of the fireplace can be made either beveled (not shown in the drawing) and then an angular version of the fireplace is obtained, or such as shown in figures 1, 3, and get a front fireplace.

Heating and cooking fireplace works as follows.

Through the furnace hole with the door 20, fuel is placed on the grate 10, mainly firewood, set fire to it and close the door. By extending the ash box 12 from the ash pan 11, the draft is regulated to ensure normal combustion. Air from the room enters through the grill into the combustion zone. Gases formed from the combustion of fuel and hot air rise up and, approaching the guide plate 13, change direction and rush up, where the guide plate 14 again changes their direction and the gas-flame mixture, passing through the combustion channel 18 with a flame striker 16, is sent to the afterburner 19 The horizontal section 17 of the guide plate 14 allows the combustion gases to flow quietly under the hob 7 and heat it. After that, the gas combustion products rush through the remote exhaust channel into the exhaust hole 31 with a pipe 32. The exhaust channel is made remote to increase the area of the hob 7.

To ensure safety, the front wall of the furnace is covered with a protective shield 24. As the fuel burns, the walls of the furnace are heated and cold air rises upward through the fire compartment 28. Passing through the convection channels formed by the walls 4, 5 of the furnace, by the convector 23 and the walls 25 and 26 of the heating and cooking fireplace, the air heats up and rises. Warm air from convection channels passes through the holes in the decorative grilles 27, as well as through the holes in the cover of the stove 8 and the casing 9, heating the room. Firewood dries quite quickly under the influence of convection flows formed in niche 28. The fence 22 is made in the form of "fangs", which eliminates the loss of firewood and does not interfere with admiring the fire.

Thus, the implementation of the invention allows to achieve the claimed technical result, and the proposed technical solution has wide consumer demand and industrial application.

Claims (3)

1. A heating and cooking fireplace, including a firebox installed on the base with a door in the front wall, a grate, an ash pan, an afterburner formed by guide plates, one of which is installed at the rear wall and has a horizontal section, an inlet for supplying secondary air to the chamber afterburning, chimney, hob located above the afterburner, and convector, characterized in that the guide plate at the rear wall is fixed rigidly at an angle to the rear wall, the other forming the afterburner, n a guide plate having bent sides on both sides along its entire length and a flame chipper welded to it perpendicular to the midline is installed at an angle to the front wall with a gap between them, and the inlet for supplying secondary air to the afterburner is formed by installing the door of the furnace in such a way that a gap is formed between it and the front wall of the furnace, the support and the base of the furnace form a niche for drying firewood, this convector is installed near the walls of the furnace in such a way that the coolant in it is the air. 2. Heating and cooking fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the door is made of transparent heat-resistant glass. 3. The heating and cooking fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the convection channels formed by the convector and the walls of the fireplace are covered with decorative grills with convection openings on top.

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