RU2281433C2 - Oven for bath - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: domestic stoves or ranges for solid fuels.

SUBSTANCE: oven comprises furnace with solid roof, stone-cover above the roof, water tank above the stone-cover, gas duct that passes through the stone-cover and tank, and hollow chamber. The hollow chamber abuts against the roof of the furnace or the bottom of the water tank and furnace roof and chimney. The axes of the passages are shifted toward the opposite sides of the oven, and cross-section of the chamber is greater than that of the gas duct to provide generation of vortices due to the flow velocity drop in the chamber. The vortices propagate toward the other gas duct.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to stoves for baths and is intended for heating a room, heating water and producing steam.

Multifunctional stoves for baths are known (see, for example, V.M. Kolevatov. Kamenka stoves for a family bathhouse. - L., 1991), containing as a main functional units a furnace with an ash pan, a simple steam generator, which is a compartment with heat-accumulating elements (heater), a water tank and a system of flues providing heating of the heater and water tank with hot flue gases and their subsequent removal into the atmosphere.

The disadvantage of these furnaces is their low thermal efficiency, due to the non-optimal distribution of flue gas flows in the furnace volume.

In addition, the presence in the atmosphere of the bath of moist water vapor worsens the microclimate in the room of the bath, drying the room requires additional ventilation devices.

Known (A.S. SU No. 1813994, IPC F 24 B 9/04, 1993) a bath furnace, comprising a housing with a furnace, a compartment with a heat storage load (heater), placed on the arch of the furnace, a water tank mounted on top heater, and a vertical duct passing through the heater and tank.

A disadvantage of the known furnace is its low thermal efficiency, due to the fact that due to the high speed of the gas flow in the direct chimney, flue gases exit the chimney without the release of thermal energy, overheating of which leads to fires.

Known (patent RU No. 2095694, IPC F 24 B 9/00, 1997) a bath furnace, made in one housing, which is divided by a partition system into a furnace with an ash pan, placed above the furnace arch, a heater, a water tank and a flue, consisting of two vertical channels in communication with a cavity (chamber) formed by the upper wall of the heater, the bottom of the tank and the side walls of the housing, which, in turn, is connected to the atmosphere through a third channel passed through the water tank. One of the vertical channels (frontal) connecting the chamber with the furnace is installed coaxially with the pipe, which is lowered below the bottom of the water tank, and the other (rear) is shifted to the opposite wall of the furnace. The front channel of the flue is equipped with a shutter that allows it to overlap, and the camera is divided into two parts by a sliding valve.

The grate of the known furnace is provided with a vertical U-shaped protrusion, in the cavity of which a vertical ash-pan partition is inserted, forming together with the protrusion a labyrinth channel communicating the ash-pan cavity through the second damper with the outer space of the furnace. No devices for cleaning combustion products.

In the normal operating mode of the furnace, the front channel flap is closed, the flow of flue gases through the rear channel of the gas duct enters the chamber and then into the channel passed through the tank. The chimney cut is located below the upper level of the labyrinth passage under the bottom of the water tank, so evacuation of exhaust gases is difficult.

The main disadvantages of the known furnace are its insufficiently high thermal efficiency and low fuel efficiency.

The known furnace has a number of other disadvantages, in particular, it is complex in design, metal consuming, low-tech and, as a consequence, expensive to manufacture.

The presence in it of a large number of adjustable flaps, gate valves and other movable structural elements makes it difficult to operate and maintain.

In addition, the difficulty of adjusting gas flows in a known furnace is fraught with the release of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere of the room, which leads to the potential danger of poisoning the user.

The objective of the present invention is to increase thermal efficiency, fuel efficiency and manufacturability of the furnace while simplifying the conditions of its operation and maintenance.

The technical results of the invention are to reduce the time of heating the room and heating the heat-accumulating elements of the heater, increasing the fuel economy of the furnace, ventilation system, reducing production and operating costs.

The results of the invention are achieved due to the fact that the furnace for the bath, containing a furnace with a continuous arch placed above the arch of a heater, a water tank installed above the heater, a gas duct and a hollow chamber passed through the heater and the tank. The hollow chamber adjoins the furnace chamber or to the bottom of the water tank and the furnace chamber and are connected via vertical ducts to the furnace cavity and the chimney, while the channel axes are offset to opposite side walls of the furnace, and the passage section of the chamber is so large that that the gas flow rate in the chamber drops sharply with the formation of vortices moving to another channel of the gas duct.

A hole is provided in one of the side walls of each chamber, provided with a shutter.

The holes in the side walls of the hollow chambers, equipped with shutters, are used to clean the chambers of combustion products and for ventilation of the bath room. It can be used to adjust the temperature in the chamber adjacent to the bottom of the water tank, preventing boiling water.

Figure 1 presents a side section of the furnace according to the first embodiment of the invention, figure 2 is the same for the furnace according to the second embodiment of the invention.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the furnace comprises a firebox 1 with a door 2, an ashpit 3, a door 4 and a grate 5, a stove 6, channels 7, 14, a chamber 8 with an opening 9 and a shutter 10, support posts 11, a water tank 12 with a neck 13 .

According to a second embodiment of the invention, the furnace further comprises a chamber 15 with an opening 16 and a shutter 17, a channel 18.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Through the neck 13, water is poured into the tank 12. Through the door 2 on the grate 5 lay the fuel and set it on fire. Traction adjustment in order to optimize the combustion process is carried out by opening the ash pan door 4 to the required size.

Hot flue gases, washing the chamber of the furnace, give part of their heat to the stove 6 and enter the chamber 8 through the channel 7. Since the passage section of the chamber is much larger than channel 1, the gas flow rate at the inlet of the chamber drops sharply, and the gases slowly form the vortices move to the inlet of the channel 14. A significant decrease in the velocity of the gas flow in the chamber leads to an increase in the heat exchange time, while the fraction of heat given off by the flue gases significantly increases. At the exit from the chamber, the flow passage of the gas duct (channel 14 inlet) increases, and the gas flow rate increases again, which ensures stable constant thrust.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, a gas duct comprising a channel 7, a chamber 15, a channel 18, a chamber 8, a channel 14 is provided with two expansion chambers arranged sequentially along the gases, which provides a twofold deceleration of the gas flow and leads to a further increase in the heat transfer efficiency.

The low velocity of the gases in the chamber (s) causes an increase in the heat exchange time between the elements of the furnace and the gases washing them, so that the latter have time to give up most of their heat to the heating elements of the furnace. As a result, the time for heating the room and the heater to the required temperatures is reduced, the thermal efficiency and fuel efficiency of the furnace are increased,

A sharp decrease in the cross section of the gas duct at the outlet of the chamber causes a corresponding increase in the gas flow velocity in the outlet channel 14, which leads to the appearance of an ejector effect in it, due to which air is sucked in through the opening 9 from the bath room, which ensures effective ventilation of the bath, removal of water vapor from the atmosphere of the room, as well as drying the bath after use.

Due to the high efficiency of heat transfer in the chamber (s), the temperature of the gases entering the channel 14 and further into the chimney is relatively low. In addition, the afterburning of unburned particles of fuel occurs in the chamber (chambers), therefore the breakthrough of the flame into the chimney is excluded. As a result, the fire hazard of the furnace is reduced, the requirements for means of ensuring fire protection of the bath are reduced.

The proposed furnace is effectively heated throughout the volume, retains heat well and cools slowly.

Claims (2)

1. The furnace for the bath, containing a furnace with a continuous vault, a heater placed above the vault, a water tank installed above the heater and passed through the heater and the flue and the hollow chamber, characterized in that the hollow chamber adjoins the furnace arch or to the bottom of the water tank and to the furnace chamber and is connected through vertical channels of the gas duct to the furnace chamber and the chimney, while the axis of the channels are shifted to the opposite side walls of the furnace, and the passage section of the chamber is larger than the section of the duct so that the gas velocity lumen output drops sharply in the chamber to form a vortex, moving to a different channel of the gas flue. 2. The furnace for the bath according to claim 1, characterized in that in one of the side walls of the chamber an opening is provided with a shutter.

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