RU2818071C2 - Solid fuel stove - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furnaces and plates.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices operating on solid fuel, namely, to heating furnaces. Solid-fuel stove-plate comprises a steel housing made of two sheet side plates, a rear plate and a front plate with a loading door, a horizontal furnace with a grate and an ash pan, a flooring made on top of the housing, which is located inside the housing. Inner space of the housing is divided by a horizontal sheet plate of a rectangular shape to form a rectangular closed box in the upper part of the housing and a horizontal furnace in the lower part of the housing. Flooring is made of two separate parts: a rear one rigidly connected to the side and rear plates to the middle of the body, and a front one which is freely laid on the upper ends of the side plates and the end of the front plate and which is a cooking floor and is made with possibility of rotation for opening and closing by means of hinges rigidly welded to the ends of the rear part of the flooring. Handle is made on the upper part of the cooking floor. To inner walls of closed box under cooking flooring there are rigidly welded at least two rows along height of closed box of transverse hollow round tubes of U-shape, which serve as limiting walls for laying on them removable horizontally located at equal distance from each other along the height of the box of grids for heat accumulating elements. In the side walls of the closed box under the rear flooring there are holes with metal discharge pipes attached to them from the outside for the hot air discharge. In the rear part of the horizontal furnace under the bottom of the closed box there is a rectangular closed box with a door made with the possibility of controlled removal of hot air.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of furnace-stove due to intensification of heating of walls of cavity of box with heat-accumulating capacity and safety due to access to heat-accumulating charge.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating devices operating on solid fuel, intended for air heating of tent houses, garden houses, cottages, workshops, greenhouses, individual garages and cooking hot food.

A multifunctional camp stove is known, which has a body, in the lower part of which there is a firebox, a grate and a chamber installed in the body above the firebox. The chamber is designed to accommodate a heat-accumulating load or lattice shelves for smoking. The grate installed above the firebox is hollow, the communicating grate cavities are plugged on one side, and on the other side they are hermetically connected to the internal cavity of the tank for heating water (Patent RU No. 2229657, 24C 1/16, 24C 13/00 dated May 27, 2004).

The disadvantages of this furnace are its design and technological complexity. This design is material-intensive and quite expensive to produce. For its operation, the stove requires the use of a gas or liquid burner, which increases both the complete set and the overall weight. In addition, it is a batch oven, which limits its functionality.

A multifunctional stove is known, containing a housing in which there is a firebox with a door, a chimney, a chamber for forming a park, a tank for heating water and a pipe, additionally equipped with an ash pan with an ash drawer made in the stove body, a vertical convector screen, a support that is attached to a flame breaker is installed in the body by means of guides inside the firebox, which is made shorter than the firebox and is rigidly fixed, for example by welding to the side walls of the body through guides inside the firebox with a gap between its edge and the front wall of the body, the chimney is formed by a gap between the edge of the flame stopper and the rear wall of the body, a channel , formed by the flame breaker and the upper wall of the housing and the outlet pipe, while a grate is installed in the firebox, made of two U-shaped blanks of sheet material, welded at an angle to each other to form a stiffener, and the steam generation chamber is a steam generator formed one or more profiled elements to form compartments located one above the other and the side wall of the housing, connected by channels, for the flow of water from the upper compartment to the lower one and ensures the evaporation of water from the metal surface (Patent RU No. 70966, F24C 1/16 dated 02.20.2008) .

The disadvantage of this furnace is the complexity of its design; the manufacturing technology requires highly qualified welders in welding sheet metal and methods for monitoring the tightness of seams. The labyrinthine system of chimneys for the intake of flue gases from the firebox clutters it. In addition, there is no spark arrestor design in the bottom part, which makes it a fire hazard for use in buildings. Moreover, it has a traumatic layout; the chimney pipe is located near its front end, facing the user. The vertical post of the chimney is located dangerously close to the user’s face, and in a limited space in the room, inadvertent contact of the hot metal with clothing or other open parts of the body is possible.

A stove for cooking is known, containing a housing, a firebox with a slab floor, an afterburning chamber with a channel for supplying secondary air into it, and an air duct with a fan formed between the firebox and the walls of the housing, a rotating lid and a pipe with a damper (SU No. 1758344, F24B 7/02 dated 08/30/1992).

The disadvantage of this design is the low efficiency. In addition, the channels become clogged with soot, and it is not safe.

A furnace is known that contains external and internal furnace arrays with a chimney and an opening for air flow, while the internal furnace array has a firebox with a grate, an ash pan and partitions forming vertical and horizontal channels for flue gases connected to the chimney (RU Patent No. 21306, F24B 1/00 dated 01/10/2002).

The disadvantage of this furnace is that the gap between the internal and external mass of the furnace is used only for heat exchange, namely for heating the secondary air, and therefore it is impossible to use the heated secondary air to regulate draft, which in turn does not allow increasing efficiency. In addition, it has a traumatic layout: the chimney pipe is located near its front end, facing the user, and when moving in a confined space, for example, a tent, it is possible to inadvertently touch the hot metal with clothing or open parts of the body.

A convector oven is known, containing a housing with a top plate and a movable partition installed under it, a front wall with a door with a blower and a throttle valve, a bottom, rear and side walls made with vertically located external air-conducting channels, under the movable partition there are internal air-conducting channels, one end connected to the external air-conducting channels of the side walls and brought out at the other end to the opposite side of the furnace above the holes of the external air-conducting channels, while the upper holes of the external air-conducting channels connected to the internal ones are made closed, the bottom is inclined towards the front wall with air-conducting channels, connected to the external air-conducting channels of the rear wall (Patent RU No. 2097660, F24B 5/06 dated November 27, 1997).

The disadvantages of this furnace are its design and technological complexity. This design is material-intensive and quite expensive to produce. In addition, there is no spark arrester in its design, which makes it fire hazardous for use in enclosed spaces in an enclosed space. At the same time, the movement of the movable partition for the passage of flue gases into the chimney creates difficulties in operation, since soot can be deposited in the guides, which means that the movement of the movable partition under the upper plate, where the flue gases pass into the chimney, becomes jammed; the air ducts are structurally complex with a labyrinth system and clutter the combustion chamber.

A known indoor air heater contains a firebox, a front wall with a loading door, a casing placed on three sides of the firebox, an ash pan with a grate and a blower door, air ducts, a pipe with a damper, exhaust gases, and supports (Patent RU No. 2018769, F24B 5/06 08/30/1994).

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency, low productivity and the inability to heat water or cook food due to: there are no conditions for optimal thermal decomposition of firewood by the release of flammable gases, the formation of a combustible mixture with high heat removal capacity, small specific dimensions of the surface heated by the direct rays of the firebox, participate in convective natural heat exchange, and, therefore, non-intensive selection of heat received in the heat exchanger furnace.

A solid fuel stove-stove is known from the prior art, containing a heat exchanger body with steel walls, a combustion chamber with a grate, an ash pan, a cooking floor, while in the internal space of the heat exchanger body, consisting of vertical walls, reinforced with stiffening and cooling ribs, air ducts are formed channels, a heat reflector is installed, on which there is a pipe for removing hot air, the grate has two positions (Patent RU No. 121037, F24B 1/00 dated 10.10.2012).

The disadvantage of the stove-stove is that, due to its design feature, it does not have sufficient efficiency, since it does not solve the issue of the need for a closed box to place a heat-storing element in it with layer-by-layer stacking along the height of the box to the level of the cooking floor with the absence of flue gases inside the box , and also the inability to open the door with a handle from above, which acts as a loading or unloading along the height of removable gratings with a heat-storing element (filler), when the cavity of the box is structurally rectangular and deep, which does not allow heating the heat-storing load evenly throughout the entire volume.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the stove-oven due to the intensification of heating of the walls of the cavity of the box with heat-storing capacity and safety due to access to the heat-storage load, as well as the creation of additional small hollow round tubes in the form of a U-shape, which are rigidly welded to the inner walls of the box tiered according to its height.

This result is achieved by the fact that . A solid fuel stove-stove containing a steel body made of two sheet side plates, a rear plate and a front plate with a loading door, a horizontal firebox with a grate and an ash pan located inside the body, a flooring made on top of the body, according to the invention, the internal space of the body is divided by a horizontal a rectangular sheet plate with the formation of a closed rectangular box in the upper part of the body and a horizontal firebox in the lower part of the body, the flooring is made of two separate parts: the back, rigidly connected to the side and rear plates to the middle of the body, and the front, which is freely laid on the upper ends side plates and the end of the front plate and which is the cooking floor and is made with the ability to rotate for opening and closing using hinges rigidly welded to the ends of the rear part of the floor, in addition, a handle is made on the top of the cooking floor, to the inner walls of the closed box under the cooking the flooring rigidly welds at least two rows along the height of the closed box of transverse hollow round U-shaped tubes, which serve as limiting walls for laying on them removable horizontally spaced grids for heat-storing elements located at equal distances from each other along the height of the box, to the side walls of the closed box under the rear flooring has holes with metal outlet pipes attached to them from the outside to release hot air; in the rear part of the horizontal firebox, under the bottom of the closed box, there is a rectangular closed box with a door, designed to allow adjustable removal of hot air.

In addition, the outlet openings of the nozzles for releasing hot air are equipped with rotary dampers, the rotation axis of which is attached to the walls of the nozzles, to ensure controlled removal of hot air from the box.

In addition, the U-shaped transverse hollow round tubes are made open at the end.

In addition, on the back of the deck, a through smoke pipe is rigidly welded, made of rectangular metal plates, having a square cross-section with equal sides and passing down through the cavity of the closed box and the hole in its bottom towards the bottom of the firebox with a immersion at a distance of 0.3 -0.4 of the height of the closed box above the bottom of the firebox, wherein the lower part of the smoke pipe is rigidly welded to the walls of the hole in the bottom of the closed box, and the upper part of the square smoke pipe above the back of the deck is rigidly welded to the exhaust round smoke pipe, which is connected to the fan for purging soot air in the upper exhaust part of the chimney.

The significance of the features is ensured by their cause-and-effect relationship with the technical result, namely, a closed space in the furnace body of the resulting rectangular box with loading of the heat-storing element layer by layer along the height of the box with equal distances of horizontal gratings, which are laid on the walls of rigidly fixed hollow small tubes in 11- shaped, the ends of which are open. The number of boxes rigidly welded in the cavity along the height is at least two rows, and they serve as supports in the form of limiting walls for laying removable horizontal gratings on them. This height arrangement of removable gratings with a loaded heat-storage element ensures uniform heating of the entire internal cavity of the box, and also on top of the cooking floor with a handle has a rotation with a rotation on horizontal hinges rigidly attached to the fixed rear floor with a smoke pipe. This design generally affects the efficiency of the stove-stove. The formation of the bottom of the box above the combustion chamber with hot combustion products, into the body, which is immersed from above into a box welded using welding seams, is made rectangular in cross-section, and the internal smoke pipe itself is made of a square with equal lateral sides in cross-section with the outlet of hot gases , while its passage through the cavity of the box additionally heats up the hot air inside it. In addition, such a vertical installation of the shape of the smoke pipe, at the bottom partially, not reaching the bottom of the combustion chamber, blocks its cross section, as a result, spark extinguishing occurs under the bottom of the box, the bottom of which completely covers the top of the combustion chamber.

Making a bottom with an overlap of the combustion chamber along the entire perimeter with an arrangement with a downward protruding end of an internal square-shaped rectangular smoke pipe above the bottom of the combustion chamber at 0.3-0.4 of the height of the hollow box, the flame located towards the spread of the rear wall of the furnace body partially blocking cross-section of the lower end of the smoke pipe, which does not reach the end of the firebox bottom with a console, heats the side transverse wall of the box with a door, installed from below inside in front of the rear wall, with hot flue gas with a flame, and at the same time the lower end of the smoke pipe itself is heated by the enveloping flame, then the smoke enters into the inside of the pipe, where hot smoke heats the walls along its height, passing through the cavity of a closed box with elements of its filling. Thus, the transverse rear closed box with a door is heated faster by hot gases and flames, and the removal of hot air is regulated by the door into the heated room. In addition, the operation of the furnace is also positively influenced by the implementation of external outlet pipes, which are connected to the space in the upper part of the cavity of the box from the rear wall of the furnace body, equipped with rotary dampers, the rotation axis of which is attached to the walls of the pipes for removing and regulating hot air under the closed vault box into a heated room, with the box on top consisting of flooring, divided into two parts: one part (rear) is rigidly welded to the ends of the side walls and to the rear wall of the stove body, and the other part (front) is made as a cooking part with a rotating handle, and fixed with hinges to the ends rigidly with a welded flooring on top, in the middle part of which the upper part of the internal smoke pipe is welded with a welding seam, made of a square rectangular cross-section with an area larger than the one connected to it by a rigid welding seam on top; a round hollow smoke pipe with an adjustable flue exhaust gas damper closer to the removal of the rear wall of the furnace body. A round hollow exhaust smoke pipe can be used to connect a fan to it to blow soot inside from a further exhaust pipe with a chimney from the outside of the room in the direction of the movement of hot gases, and in general, the location of the lower end protruding downwards of the internal smoke pipe of a square rectangular section above The bottom of the firebox also acts as a flame arrester, carrying solid particles of combustion products, which makes it possible for these particles to settle on the inner surface of the smoke pipe.

It is advisable that the flow area of the internal smoke pipe extending along the height, the end of which is located downward at a certain height above the bottom of the firebox, i.e. at a distance of 0.3-0.4 times the height of the box, the side walls of which are rigidly welded to the bottom of the box (in the form of a rectangular plate covering the combustion chamber around the perimeter), ensures a change in the intensity of hot smoke flows upward, in which no deposits of a large amount of soot with said solid particles of the combustion product, and the soot is removed practically upward by the flow of hot gases. Compliance with the design of elements of all specified technological conditions and the ease of performing such an operation of all components ensures reliability and safety in the operation of the stove-oven.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the general view of a solid fuel stove-stove for air heating.

In fig. 2 shows a view of the stove-stove, a longitudinal section from FIG. 1.

The solid fuel stove-stove contains a steel body 1, welded from sheet steel 5 mm thick. The sheet side plates 2 and the rear plate 3 are rigidly connected on top by a sheet steel deck with welded seams, while the overall deck itself consists of two separate parts on top: one - the back part 4 rigidly connects only the sheet side 2 and rear 3 plates from above, to the middle on top of the furnace, and the second, the front part 5, rests freely on the upper ends of the side walls of the plate 2 and on the ends of the front wall of the plate 6, which is rigidly welded to the side walls on both sides with side sheets 2. A closed space above the horizontal firebox 7 with a grate 8, represents the bottom 9 covered with a rectangular cross-section in the form of a horizontal sheet plate of the box 10. The upper part 5 represents the flooring on the part of the floor of the box from above, in the form of a rotary flooring 5, which at its end through hinges 11 and 12 is rigidly connected by a welding seam to the ends of the fixed flooring 4, and the rotating flooring 5 on top is indicated by a position with a handle 13 with the possibility of opening the cavity of the box 10, and this flooring is the cooking element of the stove-oven.

The loading firebox 7 is also a box, along the length towards the fixed rear wall made of plate 3, while the rear wall 3 is adjacent from below to a closed box 14 protruding inwards, made of a rectangular shape in cross-section with a door for venting the regulation of hot air into the heated room.

The firebox 7 in the front wall of the plate 6 has a loading door 15, a grate 8, an ash pan 16. The grate 8 is made of an angle profile with an expanding base with upward walls in the form of a trench, the latter is covered with sand to prevent it from burning through the walls. The firebox 7 is in plan horizontally limited by the side walls 2, the rear wall 3 and the front wall 6. To the side walls 2 and the front wall 6, above the bottom 9 of a closed box 10, to intensify the process of heat generation with protruding wall limiters around the perimeter of the front part 5 , in the cavity of the box 10, at least two rows of transverse small hollow round tubes 17 in a U-shape are rigidly welded along the height of its walls, the ends of their holes towards the rear part 4 in the cavity of the box 10 are open.

In order to redistribute the loads of the heat-accumulating element 18 in the form of a medium stone and redistribute the thermal load on the side protruding walls of small hollow round tubes 17, made in a U-shape, which are rigidly welded at an angle to each other with the formation of stiffening ribs, they are welded to the side walls and to the front wall inside the box 10. In this case, freely removable gratings 19 are laid on the protruding walls of small round tubes 17 of at least two rows in height inside the cavity of the box 10, and immediately before the movable cooking floor 5 with a handle 13 is placed on top, thus so that it is possible to freely ensure loading or unloading (change) of the heat-storing element 18, as well as eliminating the large static pressure of its weight on the very bottom 9 of the box 10, which overlaps the combustion chamber 7 in the form of a vault.

The ash pan 16 is equipped with a separate pull-out ash drawer with a handle, which makes it convenient to remove ash, while its length under the bottom of the firebox 7 is slightly extended towards the rear wall of the furnace body, its movement occurs in guides (not shown), at the same time this allows for adjustment the degree of extension of the drawer (ash pan) and the establishment from below of the flow of air and draft through the grate 8 into the firebox 7, which means it will probably regulate and. intensity of combustion of wood or other combustion products.

Vertical square rectangular in cross-section of the lower smoke pipe 20, its lower end is immersed in the form of a cantilever into the cavity of the combustion chamber 7 at a distance of 0.3-0.4 of the height of the box 10, but above the bottom of the firebox 7, but below the bottom 9 of the box 10. The smoke pipe 20, passing through the hole in the bottom 9 (plate) and through the fixed deck 4 (plate), is fixed rigidly in height using welding seams, then its top is rigidly welded above the deck 5 to a round smoke pipe 21, made of the same metal as and a smoke pipe 20, while the cross-sectional area of the square of rectangular plates in cross-section is slightly larger than the cross-sectional area than the round smoke pipe 21. When installing a common chimney with an exit outside the room (not shown), the latter is connected to the smoke pipe 21 with using fasteners in the form of a clamp with tightening screws, and the seam itself is insulated with a fireproof asbestos cord.

The body of the closed box 10 below the flooring is designed in such a way that metal outlet pipes 22 and 23 with adjustable dampers 24 and 25 are welded to the side walls 2 (plates), and the outlet pipes are made with a diameter of at least 50 mm. Through outlet pipes 22 and 23, hot air from the cavity of the box 10 loaded in tiers along the height of the arrangement of removable grilles 19 with a heat-storing element 18 with heated hollow small tubes 17, made in a U-shape, the ends of the holes, the ends of which are open. And the passage through the cavity of the box 10 of the internal smoke pipe 20 also additionally heats the air in it, which then exits with hot air through the outlet pipes 22 and 23 m by adjustable dampers 24 and 25. Thus, from the side, top and bottom, the closed box receives enough heat to generate hot air, as well as using the hot smoke flow from the combustion chamber through the square smoke pipe 20. Natural ventilation is created inside the box by making two outlet pipes 22 and 23, oppositely attached to each other.

In addition, for the combustion of solid fuel, the arrangement of the shortened wheel grate 8 is sufficient for good combustion, and the arrangement of the end of the square in the form of a rectangle in the cross section of the smoke pipe 20 with a gap above the bottom of the firebox 7 with a gap at the bottom and on the sides according to its shape of the design of the location, fulfills and spark extinguishing function, when it is welded into the bottom 9 of the box 10 rigidly in height, and on top of the flooring 4, which is rigidly welded to the ends of the side walls 2 and to the rear wall 3, the upper end of the smoke pipe 20 (dimensions 160x160 mm), also rigidly welded welded to the deck 4 with the end exiting from above, to which it is rigidly connected to a round smoke pipe 21, the cross-sectional area of which is slightly smaller (diameter 100 mm) than the smoke pipe 20, while the smoke pipe 20 is equipped with an adjustable damper 26 on the side of the rear wall 3 .

In this case, it is possible to use a fan (not shown) for forced blowing of soot on a vertical chimney in the direction of movement from the outside (not shown).

The entire solid fuel stove-stove stands on four supports 27, at least 10 cm high from the floor.

In addition, the chosen cross-sectional shape of the internal chimney pipe 20 in the form of a square (160x160 cm) of rectangular cross-section makes it possible to increase the value of the heat transfer area inside the passage through the cavity of the box 10 with hot flue gas passing through, and therefore greater heat transfer towards installation in the cavity of the box on removable grates 19, at least two next to each other along the height of the box 10 with a heat-storing element 18 with good heating and for the very surface of the rotating floor 5 for cooking.

A solid fuel stove-stove (hereinafter referred to as the stove) works as follows.

The stove is installed on removable supports 27. The assembled modular chimney as a whole is connected with a fastening clamp (not shown) with insulation in the form of fireproof corded asbestos between the connections of the round smoke pipe 21 with a damper with a damper 26, which regulates the mode of flue gas output, of the operating firebox 7 in the shape of a rectangular the box sections are horizontal. On the grate 8, made of an angle profile with a groove, which is first filled with sand to prevent burning with a hot flame when laying firewood and burning it. The presence of a temperature in the firebox of 280-300°C causes thermal decomposition of firewood with the release of volatile hot gases in the firebox 7 below the bottom 17 of the box 10, the bottom of which, in the form of a flat horizontal plate, rigidly welded to all side walls, covers the entire cross-section from above the firebox 7. In this case, the ash pan 16, located in the guides (not shown) from the bottom of the firebox 7 with the grate 8, and separately from the bottom from the firebox 8 according to the design, is pulled out, and its length is slightly greater than the length of the hole with the grate 8 (in our case it is made ash pan (dimensions 250x250x70 mm) opens at a certain distance for the access of air from below and its supply to the combustion of wood, and is thereby regulated by extending or moving in the ash pan 16 with a handle from the bottom of the firebox 7 along the guides, which reliably and conveniently creates ash in the latter for removal.

The hot flame and hot gases expand during ignition and heating of a certain shape of the flat bottom 9 of the box 10, horizontally rigidly fixed by welding along the perimeter above the firebox 7, the roof of which is well heated as a whole, thanks to this the horizontal hot flow also covers not only all the side walls along the perimeter, but at the same time enveloping inside, a rigidly installed rectangular box 14 with welding seams at the rear wall of the firebox 7, the exit of which is equipped with a door. In addition, the hot flows cover the console in the form of the end of a square rectangular section (dimensions 160x160 mm) of the internal smoke pipe, the end of which is lowered towards the bottom of the firebox 7 to a certain height, while the hot flue gases enter the smoke pipe 20 upward, pass further, its walls they warm up strongly, and good heat transfer occurs into the half-closed box 9 along the shortest altitude path. In this case, the lower end of the smoke pipe 20 is lowered into the firebox 7 downwards at a distance of 0.3-0.4 times the height of the box 9. The task of the smoke pipe 20 is also to provide not only spark extinguishing, but based on its shape in the form of a square rectangular section and dimensions ( in our case, made with dimensions of 100x100 mm) - to provide the gas-flame flow with the least hydraulic resistance with a gap (gap) towards the rear wall in the lower part of the firebox 7, in which a box 14 with a door at the outlet is rigidly welded inside a rectangular section, adjustable hot air into the heated room .

It should be noted that when the separately placed ash pan 16 is pulled out in the guides (not shown) below the bottom of the firebox 7, it allows you to light the stove and overcome the resistance of the stacked firewood with heating of the grate 8.

Afterburning is carried out along the length of the firebox 7 (the length of the bottom of the firebox is 700 mm and the width is 400 mm) when the flame of the firebox 7 comes into contact with particles of the combustion product in a gaseous state with a sufficient length of the firebox 7, passing under the bottom 9 of the box 10 with the end console lowered down smoke pipe 20, while the gases, when burning wood, hit the bottom of the firebox 7 into the rear wall 2 and the arch of the firebox in the form of the bottom 9 of the box 10, return and rise upward, changing the direction of movement to enter the cavity of the smoke pipe 20 in the shape of a square rectangular in cross section. Next, the hot stream of smoke enters in motion into the round smoke pipe 21 with an adjustable damper 26. It should be noted that the square shape of the rectangular cross-section of the smoke pipe 20 is slightly larger in cross-sectional area than the diameter of the round pipe of the exhaust smoke pipe 21, the diameter of which is 100 mm.

The optimally obtained temperature of 450-500°C of heated air in the cavity of the box 10 extends to the heating of small hollow round tubes 17 of a U-shape with open holes in the direction of passage inside through the box 10, the chimney, i.e. towards the middle part of the passage of the smoke pipe 20, accordingly, the heating of hot air in the cavity of the box 10 increases and towards the heat-storing element 18 in the form of a medium stone along the height of laying on removable horizontal gratings 19, the ends of which rest on the protruding walls of small hollow round tubes 18, heated by hot air with heat release, and which are rigidly fixed to the walls inside the box 10 in the form of a U-shape, with joints welded to each other in a closed top decking 4 and 5, in general, which means that the hot heat itself is well transferred to the rotary cooking floor 5 with handle 13. In addition, this allows you to conveniently and safely load the heat-storing element 18 onto removable grates 19 along the height of the box 10. The stones themselves, loaded in tiers on horizontal grates 19, create more free space and eliminate resistance to hot air rising upward in the direction of both the rigidly welded flooring and the side of the cooking rotary flooring, consisting of two parts and connected only by hinges to each other, while hard infrared radiation from the bottom and walls of the furnace box body and the zone formed separately from the firebox directly by the cavity of the box is excluded 10 with support grids 19 and heat storage element 18.

In this case, the proposed layout of a closed box 10 with a rectangular cross-section takes the form of a rectangle, in which the presence of removable horizontal gratings 19, laid on the protruding walls of small hollow round tubes 17, made in a U-shape, at least two rows along the height of the cavity of the box 10 plays a role the important role of the function of an effective heat exchanger, accordingly, forcing the heated air flow to exit into the cavity of the box 10, as a result, it is possible to dry food, berries, mushrooms or heat food inside, and the upper movable flooring 5 with a flat surface can be used horizontally for cooking or heating water, where the surface of the heat sink can reach at least 300°C, which means you can put a kettle, saucepan, etc., to do this you need to lower down (close) the movable flooring 5 of the box 10 around the hinges 11 and 12. The walls of the closed box 10 warm up quite quickly along with the entire flooring on top, through which the smoke pipe passes from behind, since the latter also passes through the cavity of the box 10, without interfering with the installation location of the removable grilles 19 in height (the height of the smoke pipe 20 inside the box, in our case of use , amounted to 500 mm).

The proposed stove can operate on the following types of fuel: wood, wood waste, coal, peat briquettes. Gases formed, for example, during the combustion of wood, spread in the combustion chamber and hit both the lower end, lowered down (console) of the square cross-section of the smoke pipe, and the arch in the form of the bottom of the box, thereby changing the direction of movement, then enter the the hole of the square smoke pipe, then enters the round smoke pipe from above above the flooring, rigidly welded on top by welding, and then exits through the chimney to the outside (not shown).

An example of the implementation of the proposed stove-stove, the list of devices, however, is not exhaustive and in no way limits the scope of legal protection of this invention.

A prototype stove-stove was tested and showed its simplicity and ease of operation of the stove in the garage of the author of the invention.

Example. Bake. Which consists of: a firebox with a fuel door; grate; a separate retractable ash pan, an internal smoke pipe of square cross-section, rigidly connected from above to a round outlet smoke pipe with damper control; placement of a closed box, in the cavity of which removable gratings are placed in tiers on the supporting walls of small round U-shaped tubes loaded with, if possible, a medium stone in the form of a heat-storing element; transverse at the bottom of the firebox with fastening to the rear wall of its closed rectangular box with an opening door to regulate hot air; the cavity of the box towards the inner surface from the side of the smoke internal pipe of the passage is equipped under the flooring (below) with exhaust pipes from the sides of the furnace with adjustable dampers, using heated hot air inside the box.

Planned dimensions of the stove-stove: length - 700 mm; width - 400 mm; location of a separately retractable ash pan (dimensions: length - 250 mm; width - 250 mm; height - 70 mm) with a handle. Firebox dimensions: length - 700 mm; width - 400 mm; height 280 mm. Dimensions of the square in the cross section of the smoke pipe: square section 160x160 mm, height - 1100 mm (taking into account the immersion of the end down and above the top of the deck); the immersion (cantilever) of its end towards the bottom of the firebox is 200 mm; it itself is welded into the bottom of the box from below, and from above it is welded into the fixed flooring of the furnace with a protrusion above it of 100 mm, while the end of the smoke pipe is rigidly welded to the end of the pipe of a round smoke pipe with a diameter of 100 mm, then there is a loose connection using a fastening clamp with clamping screws already with a chimney outlet to the outside of the room.

With regard to the additional lower rectangular box inside the firebox from the rear wall of the furnace body, its dimensions are as follows: transverse length - 400 mm (equal to the width of the stove); width - 60 mm; height - 60 mm, i.e. square in shape with an adjustable hot air door. The closed box, together with the elements as a whole, makes up the body of the stove-stove, installed on supports on the floor of the heated room.

It should be noted that the heat accumulated by the internal mass of the space of the closed furnace box for a long time is transferred to the room, increasing the efficiency of the stove-stove, which has heating elements inside the cavity of the closed box, and this is also due to the geometric shape of the firebox itself and other elements in general , and can be recommended not only in garages, but also for ovens - in tents and frame - tent structures, while not only heating the room with warm air in large volumes, the possibility of drying fruits, mushrooms, etc. inside the cavity of the box, as well as the ability to heat water and cook food.

Thus, by optimizing the design, this stove-stove provides a high degree of heat recovery; ease of manufacture and operation is an advantage and advantage of the technical solution compared to the prototype. A prototype for the garage heating of the author of the invention was made.

Claims (4)

1. A solid fuel stove-stove containing a steel body made of two sheet side plates, a rear plate and a front plate with a loading door, a horizontal firebox with a grate and an ash pan located inside the body, a flooring made on top of the body, characterized in that the internal space the body is divided by a horizontal rectangular sheet plate to form a closed rectangular box in the upper part of the body and a horizontal firebox in the lower part of the body, the flooring is made of two separate parts: the back, rigidly connected to the side and rear plates to the middle of the body, and the front, which is freely laid on the upper ends of the side plates and the end of the front plate and which is a cooking floor and is made with the ability to rotate for opening and closing using hinges rigidly welded to the ends of the rear part of the floor; in addition, a handle is made on the top of the cooking floor, to the inner walls of the closed the box under the cooking floor is rigidly welded at least two rows along the height of the closed box of transverse hollow round U-shaped tubes, which serve as limiting walls for laying on them removable horizontally spaced grids for heat-storing elements located at equal distances from each other along the height of the box, in the side walls In the closed box, under the rear flooring, there are holes with metal outlet pipes attached to them from the outside to release hot air; in the rear part of the horizontal firebox, under the bottom of the closed box, there is a rectangular closed box with a door, made with the possibility of adjustable removal of hot air. 2. Solid fuel stove-stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet openings of the pipes for releasing hot air are equipped with rotary dampers, the rotation axis of which is attached to the walls of the pipes to ensure controlled removal of hot air from the box. 3. Solid fuel stove-stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse hollow round U-shaped tubes are made open at the end. 4. Solid fuel stove-stove according to claim 1, characterized in that a through smoke pipe is rigidly welded on the back of the deck, made of rectangular metal plates, having a cross-section in the shape of a square with equal sides and passing down through the cavity of the closed box and the hole in it bottom towards the bottom of the firebox with immersion at a distance of 0.3-0.4 times the height of the closed box above the bottom of the firebox, and the lower part of the smoke pipe is rigidly welded to the walls of the hole in the bottom of the closed box, and the upper part of the square smoke pipe above the rear part of the deck is rigidly welded to the exhaust round smoke pipe, which is connected to a fan for blowing soot with air in the upper exhaust part of the chimney.

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