RU2352094C2 - Colter for multilevel local fertiliser dressing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: proposed colter for multilevel fertiliser dressing comprises a furrow-maker with two shields fastened to it. Between the shields on a shaft, fastened to a support, a bushing is fitted, linked to a power transmission. On the bushing there are fixed and regulation discs. Inverted L-shaped plates are rigidly fasted to the outer part of the regulation disc. Around the fixed disc there are Z-shaped plates. The inverted L-shaped plates, as a unit with Z-shaped plates and with surfaces of the discs, form the walls of a rectangular cell, with provision for regulating the volume of the cell. The outer surface of the discs is closed by a cover. The top part of the cover has a feeding hole for feeding fertiliser in to the cell, and the bottom part has a fertiliser outlet hole, under which there are divider plates.

EFFECT: multilayer local fertiliser dressing for intensive extraction of nutrients from the fertiliser during the whole vegetation process of plants.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for metered application of fertilizers.

A tool for introducing bulk materials into the soil is known, including a frame with running wheels on which a metering device in the form of a drum is freely mounted on an axis. Holes are made in the rim of the drum with pivotally mounted spring-loaded buckets-dumpers having stops. A disk with a bracket and a roller is mounted on the drum axis, interacting with the stops of the dumping buckets [SU 1014496 A, A01C 7/14, A01C 15/16, 08/13/1981. Tool for applying bulk materials to the soil]. The proposed device does not provide for regulation of the seeding rate of the introduced material, in addition, this device does not provide focal seeding of fertilizers.

More promising is a multi-layer focal fertilizer application. It provides an intensive supply of nutrients from fertilizers during the entire vegetation of plants, which leads to a noticeable increase in the effectiveness of this technique not only before scattering, but also before local fertilizer application in one layer.

Fertilizers must be placed in the form of foci oriented relative to the seeds of row crops and representing two or more portions located one below the other at different levels in depth.

To accomplish this task, a coulter has been developed for multi-level focal mineral fertilizer application, including a furrow former with two shields attached to it, between which, on an axis attached to the rack, there is a sleeve connected to the kinematic transmission, on which a fixed and adjustment discs are installed, and to the outside L-shaped plates are rigidly attached to the adjusting disk, and Z-shaped plates are located around the circumference of the fixed disk, while L-shaped plates are badly The plates with Z-shaped plates and with the planes of the discs form the walls of rectangular cells with the possibility of regulating the volume of cells, in addition, the outer surface of the discs is covered with a casing, the upper part of which has a loading window for feeding fertilizers into the cells, and the lower part - a window for fertilizer exit under which divider plates are installed.

The coulter includes a furrow former 1 mounted on the stand 2 with a screw 3, two shields 4 are attached to the furrow former 1, which are equipped with fertilizer divider plates, between the shields on the axis 5 attached to the strut 2, a sleeve 6 is connected to the kinematic transmission (see Fig. 1 and 2). The fixed disk 7 is rigidly connected to the sleeve 6. The adjustment disk 8 is mounted on the sleeve 6 with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of the fixed disk 7. The disks 7 and 8 are connected to the lower part of the fertilizer hopper 9. Z-shaped plates are located around the circumference of the fixed disk 7 10 (see figure 3). On the outside of the adjusting disk 8, L-shaped plates 11 are rigidly attached, which together with the Z-shaped plates 10 and with the planes of the disks 7 and 8 form the walls of the rectangular cells 13 for fertilizers (see figure 1). The casing 14 covers the outer surface of the disks, except for its upper and lower parts. Divider plates 25 are installed under the discharge window for fertilizer exit. The fertilizer cell is made in the form of a prism, the volume of which depends on the position of the L-shaped plate relative to the Z-shaped plate.

The kinematic transmission consists of a drive chain connected via a transmission to a drive wheel (not shown) and sprocket 15.

The adjusting mechanism includes a gear sector 16 mounted on the sleeve 6 with the possibility of axial movement along the flat and fixed with a nut 17. A washer 18 is installed between the gear sector 16 and the nut 17. A clamping washer 19 is installed between the adjustment disc 8 and the gear sector 16. sector 16 engages the tongue 20, rigidly mounted on the locking lever 21, attached by a hinge 22 to the adjusting disk 8. The locking lever 21 is pressed by an L-shaped spring 23 to the gear sector 16. Nut 17, install ennoy on the sleeve 6 by a threaded joint through the presser washer 19 and the sector gear 16 is pressed against the control dial 8 to the Z-shaped plates 10 of the fixed plate 7, which eliminates clearances and disc displacement relative to each other. A scale 24 is applied to the gear sector 16, on which the size of the fertilizer dose is shown by the tongue 20 depending on the angle of rotation of the adjustment disc 8.

The proposed opener works as follows. When moving in soil with a furrower 1, a furrow is made in it. By means of shields 4 attached to the furrower 1, the furrow is prevented from falling into the ground. The drive wheel of the seeder (not shown) through the kinematic transmission and the sprocket 15 drive the sleeve 6 mounted on the axis 5. The sleeve 6 transmits torque through the fixed disk 7 to the adjustment disk. When combining an empty cell 13 and a loading window in the upper part of the casing 14, a portion of mineral fertilizer from the hopper 9 enters the cell 13. With a further rotation of the disk, the cell with fertilizers 13 coincides with the discharge window located in the lower part of the casing 14, and the fertilizers arrive on the plates- dividers 25, where they are divided into streams, the first of which falls on the upper divider plate, the second on the lower, and the third on the bottom of the furrow. During rotation, discs 7 and 8 provide dosing and fertilizing in the form of foci, which are segments of a vertically located tape.

The volume of the cells 13 is regulated by turning the L-shaped plates 11 relative to the Z-shaped plates 10. To do this, unscrew the nut 17, release the locking lever 21, so that the tongue 20 disengages from the gear sector 16, and the adjustment disk is turned with the same locking lever 21 8 relative to the axis of the fixed disk 7 by the required angle corresponding to the new position of the rectangular blades 12. When turning, the rectangular blades 12 change their position relative to the plates of the Z-shaped form 10, while the volume of the fertilizer to be filled changes wells of cells 13 and the size of the servings of fertilizers. By adjusting the cell volume in this way, you can change the dose of mineral fertilizers. The new position of the adjusting disk 8 is fixed with a nut 17 and a locking lever 21, engaging the tongue 20 (which simultaneously serves as an arrow indicating the new position on the scale 24) and the gear sector 16.

Information sources

1. SU 1014496 A, A01C 7/14, A01C 15/16, 08/13/1981. A tool for applying bulk materials to the soil. A.I. Nuzhdov, N.I. Kornienko, V.I. Murrashenko.

2. SU 1510749 A1, A01C 7/12, A01C 15/16, 01/22/1988. Fertilizer metering device. P.V.Sysolin, A.P. Muntyan, V.M. Khrolikov and V.I. Sham.

3. SU 1496670 A1, A01C 7/12, 05/08/1987. Fertilizer metering device. A.Zh. Aghajanyan, S.V. Pogosbekyan, A.A. Tonikyan.

Claims (1)

Opener for multi-level focal mineral fertilizer application, including a furrow former with two shields attached to it, between which on an axis attached to the rack there is a sleeve connected to the kinematic transmission, on which a fixed and adjusting discs are installed, and G is rigidly attached to the outer part of the adjusting disc -shaped plates, and Z-shaped plates are located around the circumference of the fixed disk, while L-shaped plates are assembled with Z-shaped plates and flat The disk surfaces form the walls of rectangular cells with the possibility of regulating the volume of the cells, in addition, the outer surface of the disks is covered by a casing, the upper part of which has a loading window for feeding fertilizers into the cells, and the lower part is a window for fertilizer exit, under which divider plates are installed.

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