RU2342618C2 - Automatic gun "vladimir" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: automatic gun contains a rifled barrel with a bolt, the feeder of unitary cartridges on push-in a line, the ramming home mechanism in the barrel channel, the mechanism of opening and closing the bolt, the mechanism of a shot performance, the mechanism of absorption of recoil energy, the empty cartridge case extraction and removal mechanism. The barrel with the lock is executed rotating against the longitudinal axis and supplied by a drive providing rotation.

EFFECT: increase of survivability of the barrel.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to artillery technology, and more particularly to automatic guns. Almost all modern automatic guns are rifled with gyroscopic stabilization of the projectile in flight.

An automatic gun contains a front barrel with a shutter, a mechanism for supplying unitary cartridges to the sending line, a mechanism for sending into the barrel channel, a mechanism for opening and closing the shutter, a mechanism for producing a shot, a mechanism for absorbing recoil energy, a mechanism for extracting (extracting) and removing a spent cartridge case (see, for example , "Aviation weapons" under the editorship of D.I. Gladkov, M. Military Publishing, 1987).

Ensuring a stable flight of the projectile requires giving it a large angular velocity, which leads to a significant load on the leading devices of the projectile and, as a result, to a low survivability of the barrel, calculated in several hundred shots.

The present invention seeks to remedy this drawback. The technical solution consists in the fact that the rifled barrel of the gun is rotatable relative to its longitudinal axis and is equipped with a drive that provides this rotation. Thus, the angular velocity of the projectile upon departure from the barrel is the sum of the angular velocities of the barrel and the projectile relative to the barrel, which allows for the required total angular velocity of the projectile to reduce the angular velocity of the projectile relative to the barrel and, accordingly, reduce barrel wear.

The other side of the technical solution consists in the fact that, with the aim of shocklessly sending the projectile to the breech of the gun, the cartridge is informed of an angular velocity equal to or close to the angular velocity of the barrel with the help of the cartridge unwinding unit. The rotation of the barrel and the cartridge promotion unit is carried out by an external drive, such as an electric motor.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 - General scheme of the gun, figure 2 - diagram of the action of the gun.

The gun (figure 1) includes a threaded barrel 1 with a breech 2 and a wedge bolt 3 (shown in the closed state). The barrel is driven by an electric motor 4 through a gearbox 5. The unit 6 of unwinding and blasting of the unitary cartridge 7 is also driven by an electric motor 4 and includes a retractable shaft 8 with a collet 9 located along the axis of the barrel. The rotation of the barrel is continuous, the rotation of the shaft 8 is intermittent with stops. The supply of cartridges to the loading line is carried out by the feeder 10.

The mechanisms for opening and closing the shutter, firing a shot, absorbing recoil energy, extracting sleeves are not shown in FIG. 1. The current pulses for opening and closing the shutter and firing a shot are supplied by the control unit 11 through a slip ring with a sliding contact 12. The barrel is installed in the bearings 13. The ignition of the cartridge is electric. The speed of rotation of the barrel is adjustable.

The action of the gun is as follows. Before shooting, the barrel is unwound. Further operations are shown in figure 2:

2a - feeding the cartridge to the loading line;

2b - capture of the flange of the cartridge collet shaft 8 and the inclusion of rotation of the shaft with a set of angular velocity;

2c - unwinding of a cartridge to an angular velocity close to or equal to the angular velocity of the barrel;

2d - the movement of the shaft 8 forward and the sending of the rotating cartridge into the rotating barrel. Due to the fact that the angular velocities are equalized, dynamic impact does not occur. Unclenching collet 9 and retract shaft 8 back;

2d - closing the shutter and firing a shot. On departure, the projectile receives an angular velocity equal to the sum of the angular velocities of the barrel and the projectile relative to the barrel;

2e — opening the shutter and extracting the spent sleeve.

The use of telescopic cartridges in the gun is provided (see, for example, US Pat. No. 5063852, 5557059, USA). These cartridges are shorter than conventional cartridges, which reduces loading time.

As you know, the wear rate of rifling of the barrel is primarily determined by their steepness, inversely proportional to the length of the rifling stroke in calibers η. The number of revolutions of the projectile per second n is related to η by the ratio:

n = V ₀ / ηd,

here V ₀ is the muzzle velocity of the projectile, m / s,

d - caliber, m.

For a 76-mm shipborne automatic gun of the usual design, we have:

V ₀ = 800 m / s, η = 25, d = 76 mm = 0.076 m

whence n = 800/25 · 0,076 = 420 rpm.

We take the barrel rotation speed based on the level achieved for rotating parts of the equipment (spindles of high-speed lathes, crankshafts of cars) n _barrel = 4800 rpm = 80 rpm.

Thus, the number of revolutions of the projectile relative to the barrel for the proposed weapon should be 420-80 = 340 rpm. The required stroke length of the rifling increases and is:

η = 800 / (340.0.076) ~ 31.

This significantly increases the survivability of the trunk.

An introduction to the composition of the gun of a contact or non-contact input device is provided for setting the type of action of the projectile in the form of a cone 14 approaching an electronic fuse. The cone is pushed and the unit is put into operation when the feed mechanism stops for the period of unwinding of the projectile. In the general case, a command is entered for the type of action - trajectory or contact discontinuity, while the trajectory discontinuity is performed through a temporary, non-contact or command channel, and the contact discontinuity is performed with instantaneous (fragmentation), inertial (high-explosive), or delayed (high-explosive) action. In the case of a trajectory time gap, the time interval after the shot is entered.

The use of the proposed scheme is promising in all cases when, according to the totality of conditions, it is not possible to ensure gyroscopic stability of the shells (large elongation of shells, low initial speeds, etc.). It seems very promising to use the scheme in light infantry (assault) guns of the Tver type (US Pat. RF No. 2213315), where, due to the low initial velocity of the projectile (250 m / s) and large caliber (for the D-395 152 mm gun), the angular velocity rotation is insufficient for reliable gyroscopic stabilization of the projectile (n = 250 / (25 * 0.152) = 66 rpm). In this case, however, it is necessary to resolve the issue of the source of energy necessary for the rotation of the barrel.

In this case, a simpler scheme may be used. Charging is carried out in a fixed barrel, and then it is untwisted and shot. Ensuring stabilization of shells at low muzzle velocity will make it possible to produce thin-walled shells of long length containing a large explosive charge.

Great prospects are opened up by the use of the proposed scheme for firing active rockets.

Reducing the steepness of the rifling of the barrel due to the rotation of the barrel itself will reduce the force on the lead belt and the shell of the shell and, therefore, will create the possibility of realizing a thinner wall of the shell and a higher filling factor of the shell with explosive.

In General, the use of this invention will increase the survivability of the guns while increasing accuracy and effectiveness of the projectile.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic gun containing a rifled barrel with a bolt, a mechanism for supplying unitary cartridges to the delivery line, a mechanism for feeding into the barrel channel, a mechanism for opening and closing the bolt, a firing mechanism, a mechanism for absorbing recoil energy, a mechanism for extracting and removing a spent sleeve, characterized in that the barrel with a shutter is equipped with a drive that provides rotation of the barrel relative to its longitudinal axis. 2. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a mechanism for rotating the unitary cartridge before being sent to the barrel. 3. The gun according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotation of the cartridge at the time of its reloading is provided at a speed equal to or close to the speed of rotation of the barrel. 4. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a slip ring with a sliding contact mounted on the barrel for transmitting current pulses for opening, closing the shutter and firing a shot. 5. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that a unitary cartridge of a telescopic type is used. 6. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the barrel is provided with an adjustable speed. 7. The gun according to claim 2, characterized in that the shaft of the mechanism that informs the rotation of the unitary cartridge is made with the possibility of longitudinal movement and is provided with a collet at the end. 8. The gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for contact or contactless input of the installation into the fuse of the type of action of the projectile.

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