RU2318370C1 - Harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry engineering.

SUBSTANCE: harvesting machine has self-propelled chassis equipped with manipulator, and gripping-and-cutting apparatus. Machine is equipped with cart connected to self-propelled chassis by means of pivotal multilink chain and telescopic hydraulic cylinder. Pivotal multilink chain members fixed to cart are made in the form of supporting beams over which beams manipulator and gripping-and-cutting apparatus are movably mounted by means of carriage. Outriggers are located in multilink chain pivot joints positioned beyond self-propelled chassis and cart.

EFFECT: increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities, increased tree felling front at one setting and improved retention of young growth.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to machines for logging and can be used in the forest industry for clear and selective logging, as well as for cutting roads for the construction of roads and laying oil or gas pipelines.

A well-known forestry machine, including a self-propelled chassis, on the frame of which is mounted an arrow with a gripping-cutting body and a bale-unloading device made in the form of two receivers mounted on opposite sides of the frame (copyright certificate No. 501714, IPC A01G 23/08).

However, this logging machine has limited technological capabilities, harvests whole trees, cannot cut branches, cuts, sort, and packs assortments.

A well-known forestry machine, including a self-propelled chassis with a manipulator, a gripping-cutting device, a horizontal beam rotary support beam with hydraulic gripper (copyright certificate No. 978783, IPC A01G 23/08 - prototype).

However, this forestry machine has limited capabilities and in the process of work must interact with the tree using a support beam.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of increasing productivity at work, expanding the technological capabilities of the machine, increasing the front of the felling of trees from one parking lot and ensuring the conservation of undergrowth.

This is achieved by the fact that a logging machine comprising a self-propelled chassis with a manipulator and a gripping-cutting device according to the invention is equipped with a trolley which is connected to a self-propelled chassis using an articulated multi-link and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and the elements of the articulated multi-link mounted on the trolley are made in the form of supporting beams, on which a manipulator and a gripping-cutting device are installed by means of the carriage and with the possibility of movement, and in the joints of the multi-link located at e self-propelled chassis and bogies, mounted swivel outriggers in the vertical plane.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a forestry machine, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 is a design diagram; figure 4 - the harvesting process, clear cutting; figure 5 - the harvesting process, selective felling; figure 6 - cutting routes for the construction of roads and the laying of oil or gas pipelines.

The logging machine contains a self-propelled chassis 1, a trolley 2, which is connected to a self-propelled chassis using an articulated multi-link 3 and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4, a manipulator 5, a gripping-cutting device 6 and outriggers 7. The elements of the articulated multi-link 3 attached to the trolley 2 are made in the form supporting beams along which the carriage moves. By means of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4, the trolley 2 can be moved towards the self-propelled chassis 1 and vice versa. In this case, the articulated multi-link 3 will be in the form of a rhombus. Support beams 8 are designed to move the carriage 9 with the manipulator 5 and to expand the capture zone when felling trees. Outriggers 7 are mounted in the hinges of the multi-link 3 located outside the self-propelled chassis 1 and the trolley 2, which are designed for stability of the manipulator 5 located on the support beam 8. The manipulator 5 is moved along the support beams 8 by means of a hydraulic carriage 9. A rotary column 10 is mounted on the carriage 9, on which the manipulator 5 is pivotally mounted. The manipulator 5 can use the hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 to move in the vertical plane and direct the gripping-cutting device 6 to the tree trunk. The gripping and cutting device 6 provides for felling, trimming branches and bucking of the tree trunk on assortments.

Depending on the type of work - clear cutting or cutting of the route - the working width B can be changed, this is done using the articulated multi-link 3 and telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4. In general, the working width B is determined from the following expression:

B = (2hsinα + 2l _m ),

where l _m - the departure of the manipulator;

h is the length of the support beam;

α is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the machine and the support beam.

When α = 0, the working width is equal to two flights of the manipulator. The capture area from one parking lot is determined by the formula

where similar notation is used.

The approximate area that can be processed from one parking lot is determined by subtracting from a half of the circle area (the radius is R = (l _m + hsinα)) two triangles formed by the support beams. This area can be selected based on the relevant parameters, changing their value. So, with α = 0, the smallest cultivated area is obtained:

And at α = 90, the area processed from one parking lot has the maximum value:

Knowing the numerical values of the parameters, it is possible to select the required working width and the area that the forest machine will process from one parking lot.

The machine operates as follows.

The forest machine drives up to the wall of the forest and, depending on the technology of work, carries out the following actions. When the clear cutting of the forest (Fig. 4), the forest machine moves backward to the wall of the forest and, using the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4, moves the cart 2 towards the self-propelled chassis 1 (transfer from transport position I to working position II). In this case, the articulated multi-link 3 has the shape of a rhombus, and the support beams 8 are installed almost parallel to the wall of the forest. Outriggers 7 are lowered. The operator from the cab of the self-propelled chassis 1 passes to the manipulator 5 and controls the manipulator 5 and the gripping-cutting device 6. If necessary, the manipulator moves along the support beam 8 using the carriage 9. From one parking lot, trees are cut, branches are cut, bucking for assortments and their packaging. Moreover, the whole range of work is carried out with the preservation of the undergrowth, and packages of 13 assortments are stacked so that they are closer to the track of the forestry machine and it is convenient to collect and export it with another machine - forwarder. After completion of felling and packing of assortments, outriggers 7 are lifted from one parking lot, the logging machine moves into the depths of the forest and carries out the whole range of work corresponding to the next parking lot.

With selective logging (Fig. 5), the logging machine does not translate into working position II, but operates in transport position I. The logging machine is backing up to the forest wall, where there are several trees that need to be cut down. The operator moves from the cab of the self-propelled chassis 1 to the manipulator 5 and carries out felling of the necessary trees, pruning branches, bucking and packing. If there are trees in the depths of the forest that need to be dumped, then a narrow corridor can be cut through so that the cart 2 can go into the depths of the forest and the necessary trees are felled. The process is repeated using this technology.

When cutting routes (Fig.6) for the construction of roads and the laying of oil or gas pipelines (depending on the width of the necessary corridor), the logging machine is backing up to the wall of the forest. And depending on the width of the felling, the articulated multi-link 3 is extended to the appropriate size using the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4. The outriggers 7 are extended, the operator moves from the cab of the self-propelled chassis 1 and controls the manipulator 5 and the grasping-cutting device 6. After completion of work from one parking lot, the logging unit the car moves further into the forest and the process continues.

A logging machine can harvest trees, whips and assortments, and in the process, it can sort wood by species (coniferous, deciduous) and by size.

The proposed logging machine, thanks to the articulated multi-linker, can develop a large area from one parking lot. This provides increased productivity in the work, expansion of the technological capabilities of the machine, an increase in the front of the felled trees from one parking lot and ensuring the conservation of undergrowth. The presented calculation formulas allow you to select the necessary parameters of the forest machine to ensure the optimal width and area of forest processing from one parking lot.

Claims (1)

A forestry machine containing a self-propelled chassis with a manipulator and a gripping-cutting device, characterized in that it is equipped with a trolley, which is connected with a self-propelled chassis using an articulated multi-link and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and the elements of the articulated multi-link mounted on the trolley are made in the form of support beams, on which a manipulator and a gripping-cutting device are installed by means of a carriage and with the possibility of movement, and in the hinges of a multi-link, located outside the self-propelled chassis trolleys mounted rotary in a vertical plane outriggers.

Images