RU2316920C1 - Combined tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: combined tillage tool has hitch, frame with successively arranged batteries, flat hoes, and rollers. Forward of flat hoes there are two rows of batteries of crescent type working tools connected to holders which are positioned at the left and right sides of cylinder placed on bearing device and connected through spring-loaded tine to working tool frame. Crescent type knives have section formed as parallelogram, said section reducing to zero from base to tip part. Rearward of hoes there are two rows of compacting-mellowing rollers, with diameter of rollers of first row exceeding diameter of rollers of second row. First row rollers are equipped with bars of rhombic section, said bars being arranged along helical line. Second row rollers are equipped with blades of rectangular section, said blades being positioned at an angle to axis.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and provision for retaining of ecological equilibrium in zones of cultivation of farm crops.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and mainly for use in agricultural production during soil cultivation in various ways.

Known combined tillage unit / 1 /, containing a frame with a sequential arrangement of working bodies to perform several simple operations in one pass of the unit.

A disadvantage of the known combined unit is not only a small working width, which reduces the productivity of the machine operator, but also that when treating fields with highly stubble crop residues, its first row of non-working bodies shreds them unsatisfactorily, clogs, which reduces the quality of the soil when preparing it for sowing of various cultivated crops.

Known combined tillage implement / Auth. testimonial. SU 1192653 /, including a hinged frame with sequentially located batteries, flat-cut legs, rollers.

The disadvantages of this unit include the fact that the working bodies of the batteries become clogged with crop residues and semi-moist soil, which leads to unsatisfactory grinding of crop residues of high-stalk crops, and ultimately leads to a decrease in the quality of formation of a moisture-saving moisture-accumulating loosened layer by additional working bodies.

To eliminate the shortcomings of the known combined tillage units and achieve positive technical and technological indicators, flat-shaped sickle-shaped batteries are installed in two rows in front of the flat-cutting legs, which are attached to the holders located to the left and right of the cylinder mounted on the bearing device and connected via a spring-loaded stand to the unit frame , while the section of the sickle-shaped working bodies is made in the form of a parallelogram with a decrease in its section to zero from the main to the toe, and behind the paws there are two rows of compacting-loosening rollers, while the diameter of the rollers of the first row is larger than the diameter of the rollers of the second row, the rollers of the first row equipped with ◇-shaped rods located along a helical line, and the rollers of the second row with rectangular blades sections mounted at an angle to the axis.

The installation in front of the flat-cutting paws in two rows of batteries of sickle-shaped working bodies eliminates the clogging of residues and moist soil of the space between the working bodies, which leads to increased reliability of the technological process of combined tillage units.

The use of working bodies in the form of a "sickle" and the arrangement of the cylindrical part of the batteries on the left and right provides soil cultivation, grinding of high-stubble crop residues in strips, which reduces the energy consumption of the processing process and improves the adaptability of these working bodies to the microrelief of the treated area along the width of the aggregate.

The connection of the proposed battery with the frame through a spring-loaded rack improves the quality of crumbling of the part of the treated formation in front of the plane-cutting organs.

The implementation of the cross section of the sickle-shaped working bodies of the battery in the form of a parallelogram with a decrease in its cross section from the base to the toe ensures the hanging of the stems, increasing the self-cleaning of the battery.

The supply of the unit with a two-row roller with a different form of execution makes it possible to better form a moisture-saving, moisture-accumulating layer.

The design of rollers of each diameter of various sizes helps to increase the evenness of the treated field, which eliminates the use of leveling planners before preparing the soil before sowing.

Figure 1 shows the structural and technological scheme of the proposed unit, side view.

Figure 2 presents the location of the working bodies relative to each other on the frame of the unit, top view.

Figure 3 shows the new battery assembly: a is a side view; b - top view.

Figure 4 shows the working elements of the battery: a - cylinder, holder of the main working body; b - sickle-shaped working body, its sections A-A and B-B.

The combined tillage unit includes a linkage 1, frame 2 with a sequential arrangement of the main working bodies: batteries 3, flat-cutting legs and double-row rollers 5.

The frame 2 is flat welded and mounted on it: on top of the hinge 1, on the bottom two rows of batteries 3 with crescent-shaped working bodies 6. Behind the second row of batteries are mounted flat-cutting legs 4 and double-row rollers with rods 7 and blades 8. Battery 3 includes crescent-shaped working bodies 6, which are attached to the holders 9, located on the left and right of the cylinder 10 mounted on the bearing device 11, connected through a spring-loaded strut 12 with the frame 1. The spring 13 abuts the frame 2 and is located between the head of the adjusting bolt 14, passing through opening of the rack 12 retained in the nut 15. Sections sickle working organs 6 are formed as a parallelogram with decreasing cross-section (F _AA> F _B-B) from the base of the toe to zero. The frame 16 is pivotally attached to the rear transverse beam of the frame 2 through a leash 17 of the rollers 5, interconnected by the beam 18. The leash 17 and the frame 16 are additionally connected to the frame 2 through the compression spring 19, the strap 20 and the brackets 21. The cross section of the rod 7 of the first roller is made ◇ - figurative. Rod 7 is located on a helix. The cross section of the rod 8 is made rectangular and set at an angle to the axis of the roller 5 of the second row.

During operation in a buried position to a specified depth of the battery 5, the sickle-shaped working bodies 6 crush additional crop residues into small fractions, loosen the soil of the upper part of the formation. Flat cutting legs 4 loosen the lower part of the formation, rollers 5 with rods 22 and 23 additionally crush the soil into fine grained fractions, compact the soil from 5 to 9 cm, form an upper dry layer and a densely moistened middle layer 4 cm thick and a lumpy lower layer. This treatment makes it possible to retain moisture and accumulate it in a loosened layer with different vertical densities.

Use of the unit on the main, shallow surface treatment and other types of presowing preparation of the soil.

During the operation of the proposed unit, the crop fraction in a significant and necessary amount is stored on the surface, which prevents the development of water and wind erosion in the areas of application of the unit.

Thus, the use of a combined tillage unit with the proposed combination of operations simultaneously in one pass does not violate the ecological balance created by nature in agricultural cultivation zones. cultures.

Information sources

1. Tillage combined unit. Inf. Amazone BBG. Nadezhda (Stavropol Territory. Shpakovsky District) 2005, 8 pp.

2. Combined tillage unit. Auth. testimonial. SU 1192653. Published. 11/23/1985. Page 5.

Claims (1)

Combined soil cultivating unit including a hitch, a frame with sequentially arranged batteries, flat-cutting legs, rollers, characterized in that in front of the flat-cutting legs are installed in two rows of batteries of sickle-shaped working bodies, which are attached to holders located to the right and left of the cylinder mounted on the bearing device and connected through a spring-loaded rack with the frame of the unit, while the cross section of the sickle-shaped working bodies is made in the form of a parallelogram with a decrease in its cross section cure to zero from the base to the toe, and behind the paws are two rows of compacting-loosening rollers, while the diameter of the rollers of the first row is larger than the diameter of the rollers of the second row, and the rollers of the first row are equipped with rods

-shaped section located along a helical line, and the rollers of the second row - rectangular blades mounted at an angle to the axis.

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