RU2360392C1 - Antierosion combine unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: antierosion combine comprises the load-bearing system with implements. The latter have the leg, inclined rippers, blade and tip. Implements are fitted on the load-bearing system at the angle to the motion line in three rows, each comprising four implements. The discriminators are arranged ahead of the implements on the frame spring-loaded legs rigidly linked up with the load-bearing system. The discriminator disks have cutouts and flutes shifted from the cutout axis of symmetry. The chute top point is located below the cutout lower point. Wheel spider gangs are located behind the implements. The proposed unit is equipped with a short tongue with a hitch, attached to the discriminator front bar to move there along.

EFFECT: improved ecology in water and wind erosion areas.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular anti-erosion combined units for tillage, subject to the joint manifestation of water and wind erosion.

Known combined tillage unit [1], containing mounted sequentially on the frame racks with disks, cultivating paws and additional working bodies.

The disadvantages of the known combined unit include unsatisfactory cutting of the sod soil layer in front of the racks of the working bodies, which leads to disruption of the technological process of anti-erosion treatment with multi-row arrangement of the executive bodies of the main processing.

Known combined tillage unit [2], which includes sequentially installed with the disks of the working bodies for the main processing - flat-cut legs and additional bodies - discs.

A disadvantage of the known aggregate is that discs with spherical cutouts are assembled on one axis, clogged with wet crop residues and soil during operation. This leads to a decrease in wind resistance of the upper layer of the treated area.

Known erosion control unit containing the supporting system with the working bodies having a rack, inclined cultivators, paw and chisel [3].

A disadvantage of the known anti-erosion aggregate is that the operation of inclined cultivators, paws and chisels without discs leads to the formation of a large furrow from the stand, damage to a significant amount of stubble, crop residues, and this, in turn, reduces the wind and water resistance of the surface of the treated field.

To eliminate the shortcomings and obtain agrotechnical indicators that improve the quality of work of the anti-erosion combined units, the working bodies are located on the supporting system at an angle to the line of movement in three rows of four working bodies, in front of the working bodies on a frame rigidly connected to the supporting system, spring struts are mounted, the disks of which are made with cuts and corrugations, and the corrugations are offset from the symmetry line of the cuts, and the upper point of the corrugation is located below the level of the lower point of the cut, and p zadi working bodies fitted frontally battery needle disks, the unit has JRC a towbar, which is attached to the front bar frame disker movable along the beam.

The arrangement on the carrier system in three rows of rippers of four makes it possible to reduce the overall dimensions of the unit, to obtain a compact arrangement of the working bodies without reducing the working width, but to reduce the size of the headlands and increase net productivity. The implementation of disks on a spring strut eliminates clogging of the space between the disks and gang formation in front of it, which leads, in turn, to less damage to crop residues and to an increase in wind and water resistance as a whole after its processing by the unit. The design of the disk drives with cutouts and corrugations offset from the symmetry line of the cut, their optimal location relative to each other improves the quality of grinding crop residues in front of the racks of the main working bodies, allows you to increase the width of the loosened strip in front of us, thereby eliminating the overhang of plant residues on the working elements of cultivators organs, and the alternation of corrugations, then on the left sidewall, then on the right, the disk increases the width of the processed strip and the crumbling of the soil. The location behind the ripping working bodies for the main processing of the frontally batteries of the needle discs makes it possible to better form a mulching upper layer.

The implementation of the snits with a trailing device with the ability to move along the front beam of the frame of the discs allows you to choose a rational traction line depending on the hardness of the soil and increase the stability of the unit during operation.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of an anti-erosion combined unit (top view).

Figure 2, a diskator is shown (rear view), b - a corrugated disk with cutouts is drawn (side view on the right).

Figure 3 shows a method of attaching a multilayer flat c-shaped spring to the diskator bearing and holder.

Figure 4 presents the battery of needle discs (front view).

Figure 5 presents the technological process of the unit.

The unit has a supporting system 1, working bodies 2, rack 3, inclined cultivators 4, paw 5, chisel 6, rows 7, frame 8, spring struts 9, disks 10, disks 11, notch 12, symmetry line 13 of the notch, corrugation 14, the upper point 15 of the corrugation, the lower point of the cutout 16, the battery 17, the needle discs 18, the box 19, the hitch 20, the front beam 21.

A rack 3 of the main working body 2 with a ripper 4, a paw 5 and a chisel 6 is connected to the carrier system 1 of the unit. The frame 8 of disks 10 equipped with spring struts 9, disks 11 with cutouts 12 made in the form of a rectangular triangle is rigidly connected to the carrier system. The hypotenuse of this triangle is the width of the notch. The protrusions of the disk 11 are provided with gags. The corrugations 14 of the disks 11 are displaced from the symmetry line 13 of the notch 12. Their upper point 15 of the corrugations 14 is located below the level of the lower point 16 of the notch 12. Behind the working bodies 2 are frontally mounted batteries 17 of the needle disks 18, the leads 10 of the batteries are articulated to the transverse rear beam of the carrier system 1. The leashes 10 are connected to the beam by brackets, straps and spring-loaded (as shown in figure 5). A snake 19 is attached to the front beam 2 of the frame 8 with a towing device 20 with the possibility of moving them along the beam 21. A design feature of the unit is that each pair of cut corrugated discs 11 has a bearing device, which is connected through a multilayer spring - C-shaped rack 9 - with frame 8, and inclined cultivators are equipped with paws 5 and chisel 6.

Work anti-erosion combined unit is as follows. After the beginning of the movement and deepening of the working bodies 2, the disks 11 are introduced into the soil by the cutting edges of the protrusions, the crop residues are crushed, the soil layer is cut and the corrugations 15 when the disks 11 rotate, loosening is performed, the strip width is increased in front of the working bodies 2. Racks 3 of these working bodies 2 are cut vertical slit, the working elements of the inclined cultivators 4 form inclined cracks, above which the paw 5 loosens the upper layer, and the chisel 6 below it forms a moisture-accumulating capacity. After performing these agricultural practices of the battery 17, the needle discs 18 mulch the upper layer of the treated area.

The stability of the stroke of the unit along the working width when working in the field reaches the path of movement of the snitsa 19 with the towing device 20 along the beam 21.

The technological process of the unit is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder located above the supporting system 1 and connected by a lever with a frame of the support wheels.

The use of the proposed anti-erosion combined unit will improve the environmental situation in grain-sowing agricultural backgrounds, since during its operation not only wind resistance of the treated fields is formed, but also moisture-accumulating cracks and containers are formed that eliminate surface runoff.

Information sources

1. RU 2146860 C1, A01B 49/02. Combined tillage unit / Rykov VB, Bertov AA / declared on 12.28.1998, published on 03.27.2000. Bull. No. 9.

2. Combined tillage unit. Pat. RF №202533615, A01B 49/02, 1996

3. Combined tillage unit. Pat. RF №2270543, A01B 49/02, 2006

Claims (1)

An anti-erosion combined unit containing a supporting system with working bodies having a stand, inclined cultivators, a paw and a chisel, characterized in that the working bodies are located on the supporting system at an angle to the line of movement in three rows of four working bodies, ahead of the working bodies on rigidly connected disks are mounted on the spring struts with the supporting frame system, the disks of which are made with cutouts and corrugations, the corrugations being offset from the symmetry line of the cutouts, and the upper point of the corrugation is located below the level of at the bottom of the cut-out, and behind the working bodies there are frontally installed batteries of needle-shaped disks, while the unit has a grip with a towing device that is connected to the front beam of the frame of the discs with the possibility of movement along the beam.

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