RU2308200C2 - Method for increasing the performance in broiler chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fodder production.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested innovation deals with supplementing the diet of broiler chickens with Sel-Plex preparation at the dosage of 0.2 mg selenium/kg feedstuff and potassium iodide at the dosage of 0.7 mg iodine/kg feedstuff. The innovation provides increased average body weight in poultry at the end of raising, average daily body weight gain, decreased expenditure of feedstuff and improved safety of poultry stock.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates is poultry farming.

State of the art

The patent is known from the prior art (RU 2082300 C1, 06/27/1997), which refers to a method for preparing a protein-vitamin-mineral mixture for broiler chickens, including iodine and selenium preparations. In our studies, the most effective (from the point of view of increasing the productivity of poultry) combinations of selenium and iodine were determined in connection with the currently established relationship between them. We first established the complex effect of selenium and iodine on productivity, metabolism, morphological and biochemical parameters of poultry blood, determined the optimal combination of feeding micro-additives of selenium and iodine to broiler chickens.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to poultry and consists in the fact that feeding under industrial conditions to broiler chickens during the period of growing the selenium complex in the form of the Sel-Plex preparation (organic form) at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg of feed and iodine in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0 , 7 mg / kg of feed allows you to increase the average live weight of the bird at the end of the cultivation, the average daily gain in live weight, reduce feed costs, improve safety.

In nature, selenium exists in two forms: organic and inorganic. Inorganic selenium (mainly in the form of sodium selenite) has been used for the past 20 years as an additive in feed for farm animals and poultry. However, this form of selenium has negative properties: toxicity, interaction with other trace elements, poor tissue retention.

Selenomethionine is the main organic form of selenium present in cereals, oilseeds. It is synthesized by microorganisms and plants, but not synthesized by higher animals and humans. The Sel-Plex preparation was obtained by growing specific yeast cultures synthesizing selenomethionine under controlled conditions. The product contains selenium mainly in the amino acids selenomethionine (50%) and selenocystin (25%). The total selenium content is 1000 mg / kg.

A simultaneous deficiency of selenium and iodine causes a higher degree of hypothyroidism than a deficiency in the diet of one iodine. The lack of selenium in animals reduces the functional activity of thyroid hormones, interfering with the synthesis of iodothyronine deiodinase, which turns thyroxine into a more active form of triiodothyronine.

The objective of the invention is to use the optimal complex of microadditives of selenium and iodine in the diet of poultry to increase the productivity of broiler chickens, the safety of livestock, and reduce feed costs.

Example

Experimental studies were carried out in the State Unitary Enterprise "Kolmogorovsky broiler" of the Kemerovo region on broiler chickens of the cross "Smena-2" and "Smena-4". Two scientific and economic experiences and a production audit were carried out. In the first experiment, the effect of various combinations of sodium selenite and potassium iodide in the diet on the productive qualities and morphobiochemical parameters of the blood of broiler chickens was studied. In the second experiment, the effectiveness of using organic, inorganic forms of selenium in combination with potassium iodide, as well as various dosages and methods for introducing sodium selenite and potassium iodide into the diet of a bird, was determined (table 1).

As a result of the studies, the following conclusions were made:

1. In the study of soil, water and feed samples of the State Unitary Enterprise "Kolmogorovsky broiler" of the Kemerovo region, an insufficient content of trace elements of selenium and iodine was found in them, which reduces the efficiency of feeding and can negatively affect bird productivity.

2. Feeding selenium broiler chickens in the form of an organic form at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg of feed and iodine, in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg of feed increased the digestibility of feed nutrients, in particular crude protein by 3.8 % (P <0.001), crude fat by 0.05% (P> 0.05), crude fiber by 1.25% (P> 0.05), BEV by 5.3% (P> 0.05) in comparison with analogues from the control. The use of nitrogen increased by 3.1% (P> 0.05) of calcium by 0.8% (P> 0.05), phosphorus by 14.5% (P <0.05).

3. Feeding broiler chickens during the growing of selenium in the form of Sel-Plex preparation at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg of feed and iodine in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg of feed allowed to increase live weight by 49 days of age 11.3% (P <0.001), the average daily increase in live weight by 11.6% (P <0.001), the safety by 2.9% and reduce feed costs per unit of production by 20.8% compared with the poultry of the control group.

Table 1 Scheme of scientific and economic experiments Experience number Group The number of birds, goals Feeding pattern one 2 3 four one Control 72 Main diet (OP) + 0.2 mg selenium as sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed in the premix 1 experienced 72 OP + 0.3 mg Se in the form of sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I in the form of potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed with water 2 experienced 72 OP + 0.4 mg Se as sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed with water 3 experienced 72 OP + 0.2 mg Se as sodium selenite + 1.0 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed with water 4 experienced 72 OP + 0.2 mg Se as sodium selenite + 2.0 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed with water 2 Control 70 OP + 0.2 mg Se as sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed in the premix 1 experienced 70 RR + 0.2 mg Se in the form of Sel-Plex + 0.7 mg I in the form of potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed in the premix 2 experienced 70 OR + 0.3 mg Se in the form of sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I in the form of potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed with water (the best combination according to the first experiment) 3 experienced 70 OP + 0.3 mg Se as sodium selenite + 0.7 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed in the premix 4 experienced 70 OP + 0.2 mg Se as sodium selenite + 1.0 mg I as potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed in the premix

4. The studied combinations of microadditives of selenium and iodine had a positive effect on the quality of broiler carcasses. Most carcasses of all experimental groups were assigned to the 1st category. In the meat of chickens of the experimental groups there was a decrease in fat by 0.3-0.8% and an increase in phosphorus - by 0.001-0.016%. The selenium content in the experimental samples of meat was higher by 6.9-101.8%, iodine - by 2.6-30.0% in relation to the control samples.

When fed to broiler chickens 0.2 mg of selenium in the organic form and 0.7 mg of iodine in the form of potassium iodide per 1 kg of feed, a significant increase in slaughter yield of 2.2% (P <0.05) and selenium concentration in meat was established by 101.8% (P <0.05) compared with the control.

5. The introduction of selenium and iodine in the diet of broilers of experimental groups significantly increased the blood level within the physiological norm: red blood cells by 6.8-24.6%; hemoglobin by 11.8% (P <0.05); white blood cells 2.2-26.5%; hematocrit by 5.3-5.8%. In serum, there was an increase in total protein by 14.8-38.6%; glucose by 19.7% (P <0.001); total calcium by 8.6-13.8%; inorganic phosphorus by 5.7-31.7%; sodium 1.7-4.7%; potassium by 25.9% (P <0.01); alkaline reserve by 35.7% (P <0.05); the level of total thyroxine by 27.9-30.2% (P <0.05); total triiodothyronine by 44.8-49.5% (P <0.05); the activity of glutathione peroxidase in whole blood by 32.2-34.4% and glutathione peroxidase of red blood cells by 21.6-31.4 (P <0.05)% in comparison with the bird of the control group. This indicates an increase in metabolic rate in the body of chickens of the experimental groups.

6. When feeding broiler chickens in the diet of selenium in the form of the Sel-Plex preparation at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg of feed and iodine in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg of feed, the economic effect was calculated per head 4 , 6 rubles.

During the production test, the control and experimental houses were formed. The control house chickens received the main diet with selenium supplements in the form of sodium selenite and iodine in the form of potassium iodide in the dosages suggested by VNITIP (0.2 mg of selenium and 0.7 mg of iodine per 1 kg of feed). Chickens from the experimental house received the main diet with additives of the best combination according to the results of scientific and economic experiments - selenium in the form of an organic form - Sel-Plex preparation at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg and iodine in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg of feed .

An analysis of the data obtained during the production test showed that in all studied parameters the bird of the experimental house exceeded the control. So, the average live weight at the end of the experiment in the experimental poultry house was 8.7% higher, the average daily gain in live weight was 8.8%, and the feed cost per growth unit was lower by 8.5%. Safety improved by 1.8%. The quality of carcasses increased: the yield of the first and second categories of carcasses increased by 4%, the slaughter yield - by 1.7%.

The results of the production test showed that feeding a complex of microadditives of selenium in the form of an organic form (Sel-Plex preparation) at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg and iodine in the form of potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg positively affected productivity, preservation and quality broiler chicken carcasses.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens, including the introduction of a complex of microadditives in the diet, where potassium iodide at a dose of 0.7 mg of iodine per 1 kg of feed and Sel-Plex at a dose of 0.2 mg of selenium per 1 kg of feed are used as microadditives.