CN105724781A - Feed composition and application thereof to preparation of animal feed additive - Google Patents
Feed composition and application thereof to preparation of animal feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724781A CN105724781A CN201610100116.1A CN201610100116A CN105724781A CN 105724781 A CN105724781 A CN 105724781A CN 201610100116 A CN201610100116 A CN 201610100116A CN 105724781 A CN105724781 A CN 105724781A
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Abstract
The invention provides a feed composition and application thereof to preparation of an animal feed additive. A butyric acid derivative is selected from butyrate or butyric ester, a myristic acid derivative is selected from myristate or myristic ester, and the optimal mass ratio of the butyric acid derivative to the myristic acid derivative is (4-1):1. The feed composition can serve as an animal growth accelerant, particularly can replace traditional animal growth accelerants such as feed antibiotic or a high-dose zincic preparation or copper preparation to be applied to animal breeding industry, is a novel safe animal feed additive, is suitable for livestock, poultry, aquaculture animals and the like and has wide market prospects.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to animal feed additive field, be specifically related to a kind of feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant and the application in preparing animal feed additive thereof.
Background technology:
The animal basal diet that animal feed is required at present substitutes traditional original agricultural product and applies in animal cultivation.People are often desirable to the animal growth at the minimum feedstuff efficient and healthful of the shortest time loss.In order to reach this purpose, the feed additive of various functions adds preparation in feedstuff in feed manufacturing process and becomes functional feed.Wherein, feeding antibiotic, zinc oxide or copper sulfate etc. are that the feed additive commonly used in the past is for improving the production performance of animal and preventing and treating Animal diseases.But animal is virose and Developing restraint by the life-time service of high dose inorganic zinc or Inorganic Copper class feed additive；And the abuse of feeding antibiotic also leads to the generation of microorganism drug resistance, drug residue and drug resistance transmission and human health is threatened.The appearance of these problems causes that conventional feed additive uses in animal cultivation and is restricted or disables.Therefore, animal farming industry is had great importance by the efficient feed additive of the safety of development of new.
Summary of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant and the application in preparing animal feed additive novel, safe and efficient thereof, for animal cultivation to maintain animal health and to improve the production performance of animal.
The feeding compositions of the present invention, containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant；
Described butanoic acid derivative is butyrate or its structure such as shown in formula I or its structure such as shown in formula II:
(A)
Formula I
Wherein, M is selected from H, alkali metal；Alkali metal ion includes Na, K, Li etc..
(B)
Formula II
Wherein, M is selected from alkaline-earth metal, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu；Alkaline-earth metal ions includes Ca, Mg, Be etc..
(C)
Shown in described butyrate its structure such as formula III or formula IV:
Formula III
Described R1Selected from C1-4Straight or branched alkyl；
Formula IV
Wherein, R2、R3And R4Selected from H and straight chain C3C (=O), and R2、R3And R4It is not all H；
Monovalent metallic ion butyrate in above-mentioned butyrate can pass through dry preparation after butanoic acid occurs conventional acid-base neutralization to react with corresponding alkali.Bivalent metal ion butyrate in above-mentioned butyrate first passes through butanoic acid and sodium hydroxide generation routine neutralizes after reacting generation sodium butyrate, dries preparation through precipitate and separate after further carrying out metathesis reaction with the chloride of bivalent metal ion.
Above-mentioned butyrate can through perbutyric acid and corresponding C1-4After straight or branched alkanol, glycerol become ester under enzymatic synthesis condition prepared by rectification.
The myristic acid derivant that the present invention relates to is shown in myristinate or its structure such as formula (V) or its structure is such as shown in formula VI:
(D)
Formula (V)
Wherein, M is selected from H, alkali metal；Alkali metal ion includes Na, K, Li etc..
(E)
Formula VI
Wherein, M is selected from alkaline-earth metal, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu；Alkaline-earth metal ions includes Ca, Mg, Be etc..
(F)
Shown in its structure of described myristinate such as formula (VII) or formula (VIII):
Formula (VII)
Described R5Selected from C1-4Straight or branched alkyl；
Formula (VIII)
Wherein, R6、R7And R8Selected from H and straight chain C13C (=O), and R6、R7And R8It is not all H；.
Monovalent metallic ion myristate in above-mentioned myristate can pass through dry preparation after myristic acid occurs conventional acid-base neutralization to react with corresponding alkali.Bivalent metal ion myristate in above-mentioned myristate first passes through myristic acid and sodium hydroxide generation routine neutralizes after reacting generation Sodium myristate, dries preparation through precipitate and separate after carrying out metathesis reaction with the chloride of bivalent metal ion further.
Above-mentioned myristinate can through myristic acid and corresponding C1-4After straight or branched alkanol, glycerol become ester under enzymatic synthesis condition prepared by rectification.Gained myristinate can be rendered as solid-liquid different conditions at different temperatures.
Chain saturated fatty acids salt or chain saturated fatty acids ester are only used as energy extender application using the addition higher than 2% as feed additive always, especially it is applied in the daily ration of ruminant such as milch cow and goat etc., the feed intake of animal, milk yield are not affected the component content and composition that but can change in milk.Having bibliographical information, fatty acid ester such as myristin can cause the Hyperlipidemia of animal as energy matter, and some animal occurs that poor growth is even dead.
And the report about butanoic acid is that butanoic acid has fat-soluble and dissociative, butyrate ion and hydrion can be dissociated into after passing through cell membrane, some kinds of antibacterial is had suppression or killing action.It was reported that butanoic acid or derivatives thereof can as animal intestinal regulator, although and also have patent report to say butanoic acid derivative can play the effect making animal wastes more restrain with molding, but even more serious feedstuff sample loose stool is often invalid.
In sum, the process that myristic acid derivant or butanoic acid derivative are used alone in animal cultivation there is also different problems while having corresponding purposes.
The present inventor finds to be united and applied in butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant by a certain percentage the raising of cultivated animals first in research process, compared with the effect that butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant are individually applied, the control of animal diarrhea rate and the improvement of production performance are had the effect of highly significant, reaches the level of conventional feeding antibiotic and the feed additive common dose such as Pharmacological Level of Zinc preparation or copper agent.
In bacteriostatic test is studied, myristic acid derivant is insensitive to the effect of gram negative bacteria, but gram positive bacteria such as bacillus perfringens etc. is had very potent inhibitory action.
Butanoic acid derivative shows the effect that the gram negative bacterias such as escherichia coli is very weak in bacteriostatic test is studied, but but controls to be demonstrated by out significant control effect in research in cultivated animals diarrhoea.It is shown that the very weak gastrointestinal function that but can regulate animal of the suppression of escherichia coli etc. or killing action is controlled the appearance of symptom of diarrhea by butanoic acid derivative.
Different floras are produced effect in various degree by butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant respectively, from two aspects, the common bacteria infection of animal are suppressed or are killed, thus maintaining profitable strain in intestinal to become dominant microflora.On the one hand to animal because the diarrhoea that bacteria infection or dyspepsia cause plays control and adjustment effect, the existence of dominant microflora promotes the digestion of animal feed nutritive material on the other hand, is conducive to alleviating the lienteric nutrient substance that is more beneficial for and is absorbed by intestinal wall.
The present invention is by it have been experienced that by butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant, feeding compositions can be constituted jointly by suitable mass ratio, not only can effectively controlling the various diarrhoea of cultivated animals but also can reach breeding performonce fo animals optimization.
Butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant can form feeding compositions by any proportion, and the using dosage of butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant in described feeding compositions, according to the mass fraction, mass ratio is preferably 4～1:1.
In an animal cultivation scheme, individually give and cultivated animals butanoic acid derivative, along with the feed intake of the buildup tests animal of dosage increase accordingly, animal diarrhea incidence rate declines, produce performance has improvement but not notable.
In another animal cultivation scheme, individually giving and cultivated animals myristic acid derivant, the production performance improvement effect of animal is very notable but animal feed intake does not increase significantly, and diarrhea rate is more not notable than effect with the calcium butyrate of the Isodose of another cultivation scheme.
In another animal cultivation scheme, the feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant of application animal cultivation is possibly together with other trace substances needed for other Animal nutritions.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions further comprises and supplements and balanced nutrients class material.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions further comprises health-related material.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions further comprises physiological regulation metabolism class material.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions further comprises the increasing aid digestion class material of appetite.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions further comprises processing and preservative agent class material.
In another embodiment, this feeding compositions can be liquid, solid, semisolid, gel etc..
" containing " of the present invention is open language, both included the present invention the content of bright finger, but be not precluded from otherwise content.
Further, the feeding compositions of the butanoic acid derivative containing appropriate mass ratio and myristic acid derivant is used for preparing additive for animal feed by the present invention.
Described additive for animal feed is except described feeding compositions is possibly together with pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, antioxidant, diluent, anti-caking agent, solvent or their combination.
Described feed additive can add in feed processing industry in feedstuff according to formula forage demand be successfully prepared can property feed applications in the raising of cultivated animals.
Described functional feed can maintain the healthy production performance improving animal on the other hand of animal on the one hand.
The feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant is provided to prepare the purposes of animal growth promoting agent it addition, the invention still further relates to the present invention.
Animal growth promoting agent prepared by the described feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant is applied to animal cultivation and has significant effect in improving efficiency of feed utilization, improving the production performance of animal, stimulating animal growth.
Animal growth promoting agent prepared by the described feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant can substitute the application of feeding antibiotic class animal growth promoting agent further.
Animal growth promoting agent prepared by the described feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant also can substitute the application as animal growth promoting agent of Pharmacological Level of Zinc preparation or copper agent further.
In one embodiment, the feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention is added to independent form in every daily sustenance of animal and is used.
In another embodiment, the feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention prepares into the Feed forms such as additive premix, concentrated feed, mixed feed, beneficiated burden material complemental feed according to a certain percentage for animal edible with feedstuff, feed additive, carrier or diluent etc..
The feedstuff that the present invention relates to refers to and derives from animal, plant, microorganism or mineral, for processing and fabricating feedstuff but be not belonging to the feeding material of feed additive.
The feed additive that the present invention relates to refers at a small amount of or trace substance that feed manufacturing, making, use procedure are added, including nutritional feed additive and non-nutritional feed additive.Nutritional feed additive refers to a small amount of or trace substance mixing in feedstuff for supplement feed nutritional labeling, including feed grade aminoacid, vitamin, mineral trace element, enzyme preparation, non-protein nitrogen etc..Non-nutritional feed additive refers to a small amount of or trace substance for ensureing or improve feed quality, improve the effects such as efficiency of feed utilization and mixing in feedstuff.
The carrier that the present invention relates to refers to carrying active component, improves its dispersibility, and have good chemical stability and an adsorptivity can feeding material.
The diluent that the present invention relates to refers to and is uniformly distributed in material by additive raw material, the additive raw material of high concentration is diluted the material of the pre-mixing agent for low concentration or premix material, micro constitutent can be separated from each other, reduce reacting to each other between active component, to increase the stability of active component but not affect the physico-chemical property having related substance.
The additive premix that the present invention relates to refers to that the nutritional feed additive more than by two kinds (classes) or two kinds (class) is main, the feedstuff prepared according to a certain percentage with carrier or diluent, including compound premixed feed, trace element premixing feed, vitamin premixed feed.
The concentrated feed that the present invention relates to refers to the feedstuff mainly having protein, mineral and feed additive to prepare according to a certain percentage.
The mixed feed that the present invention relates to refers to according to cultivated animals nutritional need, the feedstuff multiple feedstuff and feed additive prepared according to a certain percentage.
The concentrate supplement that the present invention relates to refers to the nutrition into supplementary plant-eating animal, the feedstuff multiple feedstuff and feed additive prepared according to a certain percentage.
Additionally, the cultivated animals that feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention or additive agent for feeding prepared therefrom or animal growth promoting agent are suitable for includes domestic animal, poultry and aquatic animal etc., especially more notable in the control effect of the diarrhea of poultry and dyspepsia etc..
In another embodiment, feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention or additive agent for feeding prepared therefrom or animal growth promoting agent etc. for the broiler of each growth stage, laying hen, hen, meat-type duck, laying ducks, goose, turkey, guinea fowl, Columba livia, Carnis Coturnicis japonicae and other can the raising of birds of artificial breeding.
In another embodiment, feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention or additive agent for feeding prepared therefrom or animal growth promoting agent etc. for the beef cattle of each growth stage, milch cow, pig, support, horse, rabbit, Canis familiaris L., the domestic animal such as cat and donkey raising.
In another embodiment, feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention or additive agent for feeding prepared therefrom or animal growth promoting agent etc. are for the raising of the aquatic animals such as the fish of each growth stage, shrimp, Chinese yellow eel, Eriocheir sinensis or Misgurni anguillicaudati.
In sum, feeding compositions containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant provided by the invention is a kind of novel, safe animal feed additive, substitute the application of feeding antibiotic class animal growth promoting agent and Pharmacological Level of Zinc preparation or copper agent, the impact overcoming other toxic and side effects such as drug resistance, drug resistance transmission that feeding antibiotic causes in animal farming industry and heavy metal preparation prolonged application that animal health and human food are caused safely, has large market prospect in animal farming industry.
Detailed description of the invention:
In order to describe the present invention, it is listed below embodiment.But it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to these embodiments, only it is to provide the method putting into practice the present invention.
Butanoic acid derivative that following example of the present invention use and myristic acid derivant provide by the research and development centre of Guangzhou Insighter Biotechnology Co., Ltd., sample purity >=99%；Virginiamycin preparation used is import pre-mixing agent, factory of Belgium of Hui Bao company limited of the U.S. produce；Colistine sulfate used is produced by Shandong, Shandong drug resistance industry.
The feeding compositions of the present invention, its preparation method is as follows:
According to the mass fraction of each component, after butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant mix homogeneously, obtain feeding compositions.May then act as animal feed additive and add use in animal feed to.
Embodiment 1: different butanoic acid derivatives are to the sensitive colibacillary inhibitory activity research of colistine sulfate.
Utilizing the different butanoic acid derivative of test tube doubling dilution test to the sensitive colibacillary external minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistine sulfate, result is as shown in table 1.As it can be seen from table 1 all test strains inhibitory activity very weak (table 1) that the butanoic acid derivative of all tests is to test strain to colistine sulfate is sensitive.
Table 1 butanoic acid derivative is to the sensitive colibacillary external minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC, ppm) of colistine sulfate
| Escherichia coli 3Y-9 | Escherichia coli 2S-19 | Escherichia coli 5W-7 | |
| Colistine sulfate | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 |
| Sodium butyrate | 2000 | 4000 | 2000 |
| Calcium butyrate | 2000 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Zinc butyrate | 1000 | 1000 | 4000 |
| Copper butyrate | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Ethyl n-butyrate. | 1000 | 4000 | 4000 |
| Glycerin tributyrate | 1000 | 4000 | 1000 |
Embodiment 2: the different myristic acid derivant inhibitory activity researchs to bacillus perfringens.
Utilizing test tube doubling dilution test virginiamycin and the myristic acid derivant external minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to bacillus perfringens, result is as shown in table 2.From table 2 it can be seen that all test strains are sensitive to virginiamycin, test strain is had the inhibitory activity similar to virginiamycin by the myristic acid derivant of all tests.
The table 2 myristic acid derivant external minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC, ppm) to bacillus perfringens
Embodiment 3: calcium butyrate and calcium myristate application effect in wean pig feed
The wean pig of 180 28 age in days average weight 7.61kg, the assorted lean meat species piglets of DLY ternary such as 3 points 9 groups of table that body weight is close, often group 20.Each group after conventional creep feed (without any medicated feed additive, zinc oxide and high copper agent) middle interpolation difference test additive, free choice feeding and drinking-water, the average daily ingestion amount (ADF) of each test group test pig, average daily gain (ADG), the price of deed and diarrhea rate in adding up 10 days.Result is as shown in table 3, from table 3 it can be seen that just can reach the action effect of feeding antibiotic colistine sulfate 20ppm during additive capacity 400ppm that calcium butyrate is in feedstuff, and the control of animal diarrhea rate and the change of production performance is presented dosage effect；When the additive capacity of calcium myristate reaches 400ppm, action effect has substantially reached the effect effectiveness effect allowing using dosage 20ppm with virginiamycin, and the control of diarrhea rate and the change of production performance are presented dosage effect；But, from the whole result of each test group contrast visible in controlling animal diarrhea rate calcium butyrate there is obvious advantage and calcium myristate relative efficacy on the improvement to breeding performonce fo animals is more notable.
Impact and the health-care effect of the growth performance of wean pig are studied by table 3 calcium butyrate and calcium myristate
Embodiment 4: the use in conjunction of calcium butyrate and calcium myristate action effect in wean pig feed
The assorted lean meat species ablactational baby pig of DLY ternary that 140 28 age in days body weight are close is divided into 7 groups, often group 20.The each group of calcium butyrate adding calcium myristate and/or various dose in the creep feed without any feed additive, free choice feeding and drinking-water during test, the average daily gain (ADG) of each test group test pig, the price of deed and diarrhea rate in adding up 10 days.Result shows (table 4), calcium butyrate and calcium myristate use in conjunction to the control effect of the diarrhea rate of test pig significant while, the production performance of test pig has improves effect significantly.
Table 4 calcium butyrate and the calcium myristate use in conjunction effect in weaning pigs
Embodiment 5: the use in conjunction of calcium butyrate and calcium myristate application effect in chicken material.
1400 plumage 1 age in days big yellow-feather broilers soon are randomly divided into 7 test group, and each test group comprises 4 parallel test groups, and each parallel test group is 50 plumages, and are often organizing the calcium myristate adding calcium butyrate and/or various dose in feedstuff respectively.Experimental period, raises in cages, free choice feeding and freely drinking water, totally 28 days experimental period, the average daily gain (ADG) of each test group test chicken, average feedstuff-meat ratio (AFCR) and survival rate in adding up 28 days.Result of the test shows, compared with the calcium butyrate of 1200ppm, the survival rate of blank group test chicken is higher；Giving the test group of the forage feed of calcium myristate with various dose while containing 1200ppm calcium butyrate, the survival rate of test chicken produces performance boost effect notable (table 5) while raising.
Table 5 calcium butyrate and the calcium myristate use in conjunction effect in broiler material
Embodiment 6: calcium butyrate and the calcium myristate use in conjunction effect in Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed
Test fish used is Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Aquatic product field, English Saite test site, Guangzhou carry out.The Mylopharyngodon piceus kind that bouncing, specification are consistent is just for formal culture experiment after raising in large cage 4 weeks, and experimental system is buoyancy small-sized net cage.Small-sized net cage is placed in one, test site 3500m with foster net cage temporarily2Pond in, the pond depth of water～1.5m, pond water is water under abundant aeration.During test, Ctenopharyngodon idellus 200 tail of hungry 1d being randomly divided into 5 groups, often group sets 4 repetitions, and each repetition puts 10 tail fishes, and entirety is put into after weighing in 16 net cages at random, feeds different test feeds respectively.Test feedstuff is prepared voluntarily by table 5 formula, and different tests group is by being separately added into different growth promoters in basestocks.Test adopts artificial limit food to throw something and feed, and feeding amount adjusts weekly once, and two groups of levels of throwing something and feeding (by original body mass) are completely the same, and throw something and feed every day twice (7:30 and 15:00).Test 8 weeks by a definite date.
Calcium butyrate or calcium butyrate and calcium myristate use in conjunction to the growth promotion result of the test of fish in Table 6.The test group that result display interpolation calcium butyrate or calcium butyrate are combined with calcium myristate is superior to matched group in weightening finish, feed coefficient and survival rate, has obvious growth enhancing effect.
The use in conjunction test in Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of table 6 calcium butyrate and calcium myristate is grouped and result
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are also not restricted to the described embodiments; the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modification, replacement, combination, simplification etc. all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, are included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a feeding compositions, it is characterised in that containing butanoic acid derivative and myristic acid derivant；
Described butanoic acid derivative is butyrate or its structure such as shown in formula I or its structure such as shown in formula II:
(A)
Wherein, M is selected from H, alkali metal；
(B)
Wherein, M is selected from alkaline-earth metal, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu；
(C)
Shown in described butyrate its structure such as formula III or formula IV:
Described R1Selected from C1-4Straight or branched alkyl；
Wherein, R2、R3And R4Selected from H and straight chain C3C (=O), and R2、R3And R4It is not all H；
Described myristic acid derivant is shown in myristinate or its structure such as formula (V) or its structure is such as shown in formula VI:
(D)
Wherein, M is selected from H, alkali metal；
(E)
Wherein, M is selected from alkaline-earth metal, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu；
(F)
Shown in its structure of described myristinate such as formula (VII) or formula (VIII):
Described R5Selected from C1-4Straight or branched alkyl；
Wherein, R6、R7And R8Selected from H and straight chain C13C (=O), and R6、R7And R8It is not all H.
2. feeding compositions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to the mass fraction, containing butanoic acid derivative 1～4 part and myristic acid derivant 1 part.
3. the application in preparing animal feed additive of the feeding compositions described in claim 1 or 2.
4. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described animal feed additive is animal growth promoter.
5. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described animal is domestic animal, poultry or aquatic animal.
6. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described domestic animal is the pig of each growth stage, cattle, sheep, horse, rabbit, Canis familiaris L., cat or donkey.
7. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described poultry is the chicken of each growth stage, turkey, guinea fowl, duck, goose, Columba livia or Carnis Coturnicis japonicae.
8. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described aquatic animal is the fish of each growth stage, shrimp or Eriocheir sinensis.
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| PCT/CN2016/081815 WO2017143667A1 (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-12 | Feed composition and applications thereof in preparing animal feed additive |
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| CN108471784A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-08-31 | 几敏公司 | Promote weightening feed addictive, animal feeding-stuff composition and livestock cultural method |
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