RU2297839C1 - Medicinal agent for treatment of actinomycosis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science, pharmacy.

SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a medicinal agent used in treatment of actinomycosis that comprises iodine preparations (iodine and potassium iodide) and sodium hypochlorite additionally. Using the claimed medicinal agent provides reducing treatment period up to 55% and diminishing the compelled slaughter up to 50%.

EFFECT: valuable veterinary properties and enhanced effectiveness of agent.

2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to preparations for the treatment of actinomycosis in animals.

A medication is known for the treatment of actinomycosis, consisting of a 5% alcohol solution of iodine, 10% iodoform ether and a 2% lugol solution used for topical treatment and administration directly to the actinomycoma (see book A.F. Karysheva , S.V. Karyshev "Infectious diseases of animals." - Chisinau: Map of Moldoveniasca, 1989. - S.20-25).

Known drug for the treatment of actinomycosis based on iodine preparations (iodine - 1 g, potassium iodide - 2 g, distilled water up to 500 ml). The drug is administered intravenously with a mild (initial) form of the disease (see ibid. - prototype).

However, the use of these drugs is characterized by low therapeutic efficacy due to the high percentage of forced slaughter of animals (with a generalized form of up to 15-20%) and the duration of treatment. In addition, with a high sensitivity of the animal organism to iodine preparations and with their intravenous injection (at a concentration of 0.2% of iodine according to the prototype), inflammatory edema and swelling along the vein in the jugular gutter occurs. In the pathology of the development of this process, studies have shown that the state of sensitization of the body and the concentration of iodine in the working solution are of great importance. So, at known concentrations and jet administration, iodine is able to precipitate plasma proteins, which causes thromboembolism and thrombophlebitis.

It is necessary to develop a drug for the treatment of actinomycosis, which provides an increase in the effectiveness of treatment by reducing the duration of treatment and the percentage of forced slaughter of animals with the exception of pathological phenomena when using the drug.

This result is achieved in that the drug for the treatment of actinomycosis, including solutions of iodine and potassium iodide, additionally contains sodium hypochlorite in the following ratios of components in solution, g / l:

iodine - 1.3

potassium iodide - 8-19

sodium hypochlorite - 0.26-0.3 (for the main substance).

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the studies of the applicant revealed the optimal concentration of iodine in the drug (not higher than 0.13%), in which there are no pathological processes both with direct administration of the drug and with its intravenous administration, which contributes to accelerated resorption necrotic tissue, as well as the elimination of exudative and inductive processes. The introduction of sodium hypochlorite into the drug, which has an alkaline reaction, in which molecular iodine forms iodides, accelerates redox reactions that significantly affect the metabolism, the course of inflammatory processes and the work of organs and cells in general. In addition, the sodium hypochlorite solution has an antimicrobial, detoxifying, antifungal, anti-inflammatory effect, however, testing for the treatment of actinomycosis with this agent alone did not give positive results.

Actinomycosis is an infectious disease characterized by the development of granulomas (actinomycomas). Cattle are more often affected by actinomycosis, less often pigs, sheep, goats and horses. Cases of disease in humans, dogs, cats and rabbits are known. The causative agent of the disease is the radiant fungus Aktinomyces. The natural reservoir of pathogenic actinomycetes is soil, plants. The disease occurs due to the introduction of ears of ears of ears in the tissues infected with Aktinomyces fungus during chewing, minor skin damage, erosion of the mucous membranes, and contamination of the castration wound with straw bedding. The clinical manifestation of actinomycosis in animals depends on the location of the process, the degree of virulence of the pathogen and the stability of the body. Most often, the process is localized on the skin, tongue, pharynx, lower jaw, submandibular lymph nodes and bone tissue are affected.

With the development of actinomycoma, pain in the lower jaw during chewing and swallowing appears, the affected jaw bone swells, thickens sharply, cavities appear in it, then it undergoes melting, abscesses and fistulas form. With a generalized form, the lungs and liver are affected. When the tongue is damaged, it thickens, hardens, becomes motionless. Gradually comes the depletion of the animal and death. At the same time, treatment and prevention are quite complicated. Doses of the drug in local treatment depend on the degree of affection, the magnitude of the actinomycoma and the severity of the course, with an additional intravenous dose on the weight of the animal.

Studies to identify the optimal ratio of components in the drug were carried out on 360 animals (cattle - 40 groups of 8-10 animals in each group) with a severe form of actinomycosis when the drug was injected directly into the actinomycom once a day every other day. In the experiments, the effectiveness of the drug was studied with a sodium hypochlorite content of 240 to 320 mg / l in combination with iodine preparations (iodine, potassium iodide), introduced into the drug in the ratio iodine: potassium iodide from 1: 2 to 1:15. At the same time, the iodine content remained at the level of 1.3 g / l, while the concentration of potassium iodide ranged from 2.6 to 19.6 g / l.

The results of the study are shown in table 1.

As can be seen from table 1, the duration of treatment of actinomycosis was significantly reduced as the sodium hypochlorite content in the drug increased to 300 mg / l and with an increase in the ratio of iodine: potassium iodide to 1:15.

An increase in the concentration of hypochlorite to 320 mg / L did not have a significant effect on the duration of treatment, nor did an increase in the concentration of potassium iodide over 19.6 g / L. The optimal ratio of components in the claimed tool in terms of the duration of treatment and the reduction of forced slaughter of animals in the treatment of actinomycosis is selected, g / l:

iodine - 1.30

potassium iodide - 8-19

sodium hypochlorite - 0.260-0.300

(for the main substance) 10.5-12.7,

in which the duration of treatment was 10.5-7.5 days, and forced slaughter was prevented in 9 out of 18 groups.

Table 1 Experience Number Sodium hypochlorite content in
drug, mg / l Duration of treatment (days), forced slaughter (goals) with the ratio in the drug iodine: potassium iodide: Decrease in treatment duration,% 1: 2 1.3: 2.6 g / l 1: 4 1.3: 5.2 g / l 1: 6 1.3: 7.8 g / l 1: 8 1.3: 10.4 g / l 1:10 1.3: 13.0 g / l 1:12 1.3: 15.6 g / l 1:14 1.3: 18.2 g / l 1:15 1.3: 19.6 g / l one 240 12.7 12.3 11.7 11.1 10.9 10.3 10.1 10.1 25.7 3 3 2 3 2 one one one 2 260 11.6 11.2 10.5 10.1 9.6 9.3 9.1 8.9 30.3 3 four 2 2 one 0 one 0 3 280 10.8 10,2 9.7 9.1 8.6 8.4 8.1 8.1 33.3 3 2 2 one one 0 0 0 four 300 10,2 9.8 9.2 8.7 8.3 7.9 7.6 7.5 36.0 2 one one 0 0 one 0 0 5 320 10.0 9.6 9.0 8.5 8.3 7.8 7.5 7.4 35.1 2 one 0 one one 0 one 0 Decrease in treatment duration,% 27.0 28.1 30,0 30.6 31.3 32.1 34.7 36.5 * - numerator - treatment duration, days * - denominator - forced slaughter, goals

The comparative effectiveness of the treatment with known and claimed drugs, as well as sodium hypochlorite with a concentration of 300 mg / l, is shown in table 2.

table 2 Experience No. Number of animals, goals Drug Treatment method Duration of treatment, days Forced slaughter, goals severe form light form severe form light form one 25 Iodine preparations (iodine 1 g, potassium iodide 2 g, water up to 500 ml) - prototype intravenously 16,4 12.3 2 one 2 25 The claimed drug (iodine - 1.3 g / l; potassium iodide - 15.6 g / l, sodium hypochlorite - 280 mg / l of the main substance) intravenously 9.7 7.1 0 0 3 27 The claimed drug (iodine - 1.3 g / l; potassium iodide - 15.6 g / l, sodium hypochlorite -280 mg / l of the main substance) introduction to actinomy 8.0 5.5 0 ABOUT four 28 300 mg / L sodium hypochlorite solution intravenously 16.8 13.6 3 one 5 28 300 mg / L sodium hypochlorite solution introduction to actinomy 16,4 13.1 2 ABOUT 6 24 5% alcohol solution of iodine, 10% iodoform ether and 2% lugol solution introduction to actinomy 15.6 13.7 one one

As can be seen from table 2, in the treatment of severe actinomycosis (with intravenous administration of the claimed funds), the duration of the claimed drug was reduced by 6.7 days (41%) compared with the treatment of the prototype (iodine preparations). With local treatment (the introduction of drugs into the actinomy and the surrounding area), the reduction in treatment duration (compared with the prototype) was 8.4 days (51%). A more significant comparative effectiveness of treatment with the drugs presented in the experiment was observed in the treatment of mild actinomycosis with local administration of the drug) (actinomycoma size from 3 to 10 cm in diameter), for example, the duration of treatment with the claimed drug was reduced by 6.8 days compared to the prototype (55.3%). In addition, during the treatment with the claimed agent, not a single animal was subjected to forced slaughter. Treatment with solutions of sodium hypochlorite only in both cases was characterized by low efficiency: severe 16.4-16.8 days, mild 13.1-13.6 days.

All experiments were carried out according to the following treatment method, taking into account the stage of development of the pathological process. Animals with an initial (mild) form of actinomycosis (actinomycoma size from 3 to 5 cm in diameter) were treated by injecting the drug directly into the actinomycoma and the surrounding body area 5-10 ml of the drug 1 time per day every other day, at foci of 5 to 10 cm in diameter, the dose of the drug was 15-20 ml 1 time per day. For animals with severe actinomycosis with foci in diameter of 10 cm or more, the dose was 20-50 ml once a day every other day. In case of damage to internal organs (severe spilled form), the drug was administered intravenously in 100 ml per 100 kg of live weight once a day after two days.

Example 1. On the farm during an actinomycosis outbreak, groups of animals (calves, dairy cows) with an initial and severe actinomycosis were formed. Clinical examination of the animals revealed actinomycomas in various places of localization: on the scalp, neck (with growth from the corner of the mouth to the scapula), and also under the skin in the larynx with lesions of the tongue. Lesions were noted in the form of peri-pharyngeal, facial and intermaxillary spherical and lobular tumors (actinomics) with a diameter of 3 to 17 cm. Diagnosis was based on data from a clinical examination. The treatment was carried out taking into account the stage of development of the pathological process. Animals with the initial form of actinomycosis (actinomycoma size from 3 to 5 cm in diameter) were treated by administering a drug (iodine 1.3, potassium iodide 19, sodium hypochlorite 0.26 g / l) directly into the actinomycoma and surrounding body area 5 -10 ml 1 time per day every other day. 15-20 ml of the drug were injected into the seals from 5-10 cm in diameter 1 time per day with the same frequency. Animals with severe actinomycosis with foci of 10 to 14 cm in diameter were injected with 20-50 ml once a day every other day. In case of damage to internal organs, the drug was administered intravenously in 100 ml per 100 kg of live weight once a day after 2 days. The frequency of intravenous administration (after 2 days) is due to the fact that the medicinal substance is injected directly into the vein, and acted more effectively with damage to internal organs. The agent was injected into the central part of the tumor under high pressure due to the density of the tumor, as a result of which for the first time a small amount of the drug was injected into the tissue, however, this accelerated its disintegration and resorption, followed by the formation of an abscess, into the cavity of which, with subsequent injections, the drug was administered more easily.

During the treatment period, an improvement in the general condition and fatness of sick animals, a gradual decrease and resorption by an actinomic, and the disappearance of proliferative changes around them were noted. At the periphery, the formation of new actinomycotic nodules ceased. In animals with the initial form of the disease, actinomycomas resolved in 6-7 days, with a severe form in 8.8-10.1 days.

A medicinal product (for example, with a content of components, g / l: iodine 1.3 g, potassium iodide 19.6, sodium hypochlorite 0.260) is prepared as follows: 1 g crystalline iodine according to GOST 4159-79 or pharmacopeia iodine according to FS 423818-99 and 15 g of potassium iodide according to GOST 4232-65 are brought with distilled water to 100 ml. Next, 60 ml of a solution of iodine preparations (containing 0.6 g of iodine and 9 g of potassium iodide) is mixed with 400 ml of an active solution of sodium hypochlorite with a concentration of 300 mg / l (containing at this concentration 120 mg of the main substance). Thus, 460 ml of the working solution contained 0.6 g of iodine, 9 g of potassium iodide and 120 mg of sodium hypochlorite, which in terms of 1 liter is: iodine - 1.3 g, potassium iodide 19.6 g, sodium hypochlorite - 0.260 g A sodium hypochlorite solution is obtained by electrolysis in an EDO-4 apparatus of an initial solution of sodium chloride with a concentration of 0.89% isotonic, which meets the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. The sodium hypochlorite content in the solution (mg / l) depends on the temperature of the process, the magnitude of the current, the time of electrolysis, etc. So, the electrolysis mode for obtaining a sodium hypochlorite solution with a concentration of 300 mg / l is characterized by the following indicators: the concentration of the initial solution is 0.89%, the amount of solution is 400 ml, current 3 A, time 5 minutes. When using other modes, it is possible to obtain solutions of sodium hypochlorite on an EDI device of any concentration, which is taken into account when preparing the claimed drug. Therefore, the content of sodium hypochlorite in the composition of the drug is given for the main substance - 0.26-0.3 g / l. The shelf life of sodium hypochlorite (in a sterile, well-sealed container at a temperature of 5 to 10 ° C is 20 days. The shelf life of the claimed drug is up to 20 days. The EDO-4 device is approved for serial production by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, a solution of sodium hypochlorite obtained on apparatus EDO-4, entered in the Register of medicines of the Russian Federation, registration certificate No. 95/178/10.

Example 2. The drug prepared according to example 1, treated actinomycosis of sheep (initial stage) with an actinomycoma value of 3-5 cm in diameter. The medicine was administered directly at a dose of 5-10 ml once a day every other day. Recovery occurred on the 6th day.

Example 3. The drug prepared according to example 1, was treated actinomycosis of horses with severe form (damage to the tongue and pharyngeal lymph nodes). The medicine was administered intravenously once a day after two days at the rate of 100 ml per 100 kg of animal body weight. Recovery occurred on the 9-10th day. Thus, the claimed drug for the treatment of actinomycosis is highly effective and can be used to treat actinomycosis in animals.

Claims (1)

A medicine for the treatment of actinomycosis, including solutions of iodine and potassium iodide, characterized in that it additionally contains sodium hypochlorite in the following ratio of components, g / l of distilled water: Iodine No more than 1.3 Potassium iodide 8-19 Sodium hypochlorite 0.26-0.3 (basic substance)