RU2285094C1 - Method for three-layered suspended panel production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly envelope building structures erection for low and high building construction.

SUBSTANCE: method involves forming retained form between floor panels; pouring light-concrete mix in form space and grouting thereof. Method for retained form assemblage involves installing frame formed of vertical posts along building perimeter between floor panels; serially securing steel net having openings with clear dimensions of 50-150 mm from outer post sides; fastening large facing panels to the posts; connecting thin panels to posts from inner frame side; pouring light concrete in form space. The light concrete is made of coarse porous filler with 5-50 mm fraction sizes encased with binding agent.

EFFECT: reduced structure construction time and decreased costs.

1 cl, 3 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The alleged invention relates to construction, and in particular to methods of manufacturing building envelopes, and can be used in low-rise and high-rise housing construction.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of manufacturing a three-layer curtain wall, which includes the production of fixed formwork between the floor slabs with subsequent placement of a mixture for lightweight concrete and monolithing it in the interdeck space (see, for example, the journal Industrial and Civil Engineering) , 2002, No. 9, p. 15-17).

In the known method, as the main layer in a three-layer curtain wall, thermal insulation concrete, expanded polystyrene concrete, laid in the form of a monolith is used. The use of this type of lightweight concrete in the outer walls of buildings improves air exchange, moisture and mass transfer, heat-protective characteristics of the wall, which significantly increases the comfort of the home. However, the increased fluidity of the concrete mix placed in the formwork (W / C of the mixture reaches 0.5) and the significant bursting effect of the mixture on the formwork walls associated with this property of the mixture imposes increased demands on the continuity and strength of the formwork. To fulfill this requirement, fixed formwork in the known method is made either from a volumetric metal mesh with its subsequent shotcrete, or in the form of brickwork in 1/2 brick. However, the manufacture of brick formwork lengthens the installation time of the wall enclosing structure, while its cost also increases, and the production of shotcrete formwork requires additional finishing of the front side of the formwork, which also increases the cost of the curtain wall.

The purpose of the proposed invention is the reduction of installation time, the cost of the curtain wall.

The technical problem is solved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a 3-layer curtain wall, which includes the production of fixed formwork between slabs with subsequent laying in the deck space of a mixture for lightweight concrete and monolithic it, for the manufacture of fixed formwork, a frame is installed around the building between the floor slabs in the form vertical racks, to which from the outside, a steel mesh is sequentially attached with a mesh size in the light in the range from 50 mm to 150 mm and large-sized facing pl you, and the inside of the frame on the racks rigidly fixed small-diameter plate, after which the resulting tween stacked lightweight concrete "KAPSIMET" of the encapsulated binder large porous filler fr. 5-50 mm.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is as follows. The use in the claimed method as the main layer in a three-layer curtain wall of light concrete "CAPSYMET" from an encapsulated aggregate allows the use of cement milk for encapsulation with a low (not more than 0.3) water-cement ratio, so that the "milk" does not drain from the surface of the aggregate, and almost completely, without residue, it is used to form a durable capsule shell, which subsequently provides strong adhesion of the granules of the encapsulated aggregate to each other after filling it into the inter-shaft bnoe space compaction and concreting of the array and obtaining a self-supporting walls of lightweight concrete coarsely. The resulting minimal bursting effect on the formwork of a monolithic concrete layer made of encapsulated aggregate allows us to use large-sized facing plates in the proposed method not only as a decorative finishing layer in the finished wall, but also simultaneously as a fixed external and (or) internal formwork for the main (heat-insulating or structural -insulation layer). At the same time, large-sized slabs are mounted dry during the installation of formwork: laying "KAPSIMETA" does not require sealing the joints between the slabs. Given that the front surface area of the cladding plate is from 0.1 to 1.0 m, the use of these plates as formwork can significantly reduce the installation time of the formwork and, thus, significantly reduce the time and cost of erecting the building envelope.

The method is as follows. A frame in the form of vertical racks is installed between the interfloor overlapping plates along the perimeter of the building, to which from the outside there is a steel mesh sequentially attached with a mesh size in the light ranging from 50 mm to 150 mm and large-sized cladding plates, and rigidly fixed to the racks from the inside of the frame as internal fixed formwork, thin-dimensional, for example, cement-bonded or gypsum-fiber boards. Lightweight KAPSIMET concrete is laid in the inter-deck space formed from a coarse aggregate of fractions of 5-50 mm encapsulated with a binder (preferably using a filler of fractions of 10-20 mm). In this case, the filler is encapsulated in a special device - a “mixer-capsulator” (see RF patent No. 2201341, Cl. B 28 C 5/48, 2001). As a coarse aggregate, light porous polymeric and inorganic materials (expanded polystyrene, expanded clay, expanded polystyrene, pumice) or heavy coarse aggregate from crushed stone of various breeds, gravel, granular slags, ashes, clay rocks, as well as wood waste, plastics, etc. can be used. p., and Portland cement, water glass, gypsum or magnesia binder, adhesives are used as a binder.

The following are examples of the method.

Example 1. Between the slabs around the entire perimeter of the building in the plane of its facade, a steel frame is installed in the form of vertical racks, to which from the outside there is a steel mesh with a mesh size in the light ranging from 50 mm to 150 mm and a wire diameter of 2-5 mm . Then, large-sized plates, for example, of granite, are attached to the grid. At a distance corresponding to the required thickness of the outer wall, stands made of wood or galvanized profiles are fixed between the floor ceilings, on which sheets of gypsum boards are rigidly fixed as an internal fixed formwork. In the resulting interdeck space, a heat-insulating layer of granular expanded polystyrene fraction 5 mm with an average density of 25 kg / m ³ encapsulated with cement milk (Portland cement M500, W / C ≈ 0.3) is laid. The hardening of the encapsulated expanded polystyrene laid in the formwork is carried out in vivo during the day. Wall characteristics are given in the table.

Example 2. The manufacture of a 3-layer curtain wall - as in example 1. In this case, as a fixed external formwork, architectural high-strength concrete is used with embossed facing of the front surface, and cement chipboards are used as the internal formwork. The characteristics of the wall are in the table.

Example 3. On the foundation of a low-rise building, external and internal metal racks are installed for fixing the formwork, as in example 2. At the same time, claydite with an average density of 500 kg / m ³ and fractions of 5-20 mm is taken for encapsulation, Portland cement M400, V / C is used as a binder. ≈0.30. Wall characteristics are given in the table.

The use of the proposed method as a permanent formwork of large-sized cladding plates made of high-strength decorative concrete or ceramics for the manufacture of a 3-layer curtain wall allows to significantly (2-2.5 times) reduce the installation time of walling with finished facade and by 20-25% reduce the unit cost of building a square meter of the outer wall. The production of a light-weight concrete concrete based on encapsulated coarse aggregate based on monolithic technology provides both an acceleration of work and a highly efficient building envelope, in which strength is created due to the point contacts of the binder shells, and the large-porous structure formed in this case significantly improves the heat-shielding characteristics of the main heat-insulating layer, provides optimal breathability - the most important performance characteristic of building envelopes tions.

Table Physico-technical characteristics of a 3-layer curtain wall and the unit cost of 1 m ^{2 of} wall in No. p / p The name of indicators Examples Prototype 1st 2nd 3rd one Wall material 1. Porcelain tile - 10 mm. 1. Architectural concrete - 30 mm. 1. Architectural concrete - 30 mm 1. Facing brick - 120 mm 2. "CAPSIMET" (expanded polystyrene-concrete) - 170 mm. 2. "CAPSIMET" (expanded polystyrene-concrete) - 170 mm. 2. "CAPSIMET" - expanded clay concrete - 354 mm 2. Polystyrene concrete - 155 mm 3. Gypsum fiber board - 10 mm. 3. Cement bonded particleboard - 10 mm 3. Gypsum board - 16 mm 3. Facing brick - 120 mm 4. Plaster - 20 mm 2 Wall thickness (total), mm 190 210 400 415 3 Weight 1 m ^{2 of} wall, kg. 62.0 110.0 230 330.0 four Reduced heat transfer resistance (for the conditions of Moscow and Moscow region), m ² · ° С / W 3.14 5 The cost of 1 m ^{2 of the} wall in the case, rubles. 1720.0 1540.0 1620.0 1950,0

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a three-layer curtain wall, comprising the production of a fixed formwork between the floor slabs, followed by laying a mixture for lightweight concrete into the deck space and monolithic it, characterized in that for the manufacture of the fixed formwork, a frame in the form of vertical racks is installed around the building floor to which the floor slabs from the outside, a steel mesh is sequentially attached with a mesh size in the light ranging from 50 mm to 150 mm and large-sized facing plates, and from the outside Thin slabs are rigidly fixed on the racks of the frame to the racks, after which lightweight KAPSIMET concrete is laid from the coarse binder coarse with a porous aggregate fr. 5-50 mm.