RU2280741C2 - Profiled glued timber balk - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, particularly elongated building structures made of wood and used to compose enclosing and load-bearing walls and similar structures.

SUBSTANCE: timber balk comprises 2 parallel longitudinal plates spaced one from another and rigidly connected with each other by the third longitudinal plate along the full lengths of the first and the second plates. The third plate lies in plane transversal to the first and the second plate planes. The first and the second plates are connected with each other by transversal strips lying in planes transversal to that of the first and the second plates.

EFFECT: prevention of crack formation in balk surface, increased bending and torsion resistance, increased manufacturability and drying simplicity and reduced material consumption.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Known profiled solid wood beam, widely used in the construction of wooden buildings (Handbook on sawmilling. M., 1991. P. 15. See also GOST 18288-87. Sawmill. Pages 3-5.) The main disadvantage is the formation of cracks on the outer surface, the curvature and torsion of the beam, caused by uneven shrinkage deformation during drying of the wood. Drying a solid bar is a rather complicated and expensive task, because the difficulty of drying a wooden element and the formation of shrinkage cracks on the surface disproportionately increase with increasing thickness.

As a prototype, we choose a glued-wood profiled beam, consisting of several boards glued along the plane (Patent RU 2168594 C1, E 04 C 3/14, 06/10/2001). The main disadvantage of this bar is the high cost caused by the complexity of manufacturing:

1. The need for finishing a large number of surfaces (8, not counting external for a 5-layer timber) to perform high-quality gluing of the boards together.

2. The need to use high power presses to tightly press each other sufficiently thick (30-40 mm) boards.

3. The need to dry a large number of boards (5 pieces for a 5-layer timber).

Both of the above timber require wood consumption equal to the volume of the timber, and have the appropriate weight.

The technical task of the present invention is the elimination of these drawbacks and the production of a wooden beam that is technologically advanced to manufacture, on the side surfaces of which there are no cracks, less prone to bending and torsion when dried, lighter and less material-intensive.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the glued-wood profiled beam, consisting of plates glued together, is made of 2 longitudinal plates located parallel to each other at a distance from each other, rigidly fastened together along the entire length of the 3rd longitudinal plate, the plane of which located perpendicular to the planes of the fastened plates, and transverse plates, the planes of which are perpendicular to the planes of the longitudinal plates.

The construction of the beam is illustrated by the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a cross section of 2 bars and a top view, and Fig. 2 is a cross section of bars connected to the adhesive.

Plates 1 (boards or beams) located parallel at a distance from each other are fastened along the entire length by a plate 2 (board or bar), the plane of which is perpendicular to the planes of the plates 1, and transverse plates 3 (short boards or beams), the planes of which are perpendicular to the planes longitudinal plates located at a certain distance from each other.

The fastening plate 2 may be located in the upper or lower part of the timber. The fastening of the plates is carried out on glue and can be reinforced with tie-ins, screws and other known methods.

In the longitudinal plates 1, protrusions 4 and their corresponding grooves 5, inclined faces 6 for draining water and their corresponding faces 7, closing the joint between the lower and upper boards, and the cavity 8 between the upper and lower boards to accommodate the insulation cord 9 can be made.

The insulation cord 9 can be made breathable of moss, tow, hemp and similar materials, or airtight of polyurethane foam, polystyrene and similar materials.

In the cavities between the longitudinal plates 1 and 3, there may be a heater 10 made of a porous lightweight material such as mineral wool, foam.

This design of the beam has sufficient spatial rigidity. When assembling the wall from the beams, the stiffness of each beam and the wall as a whole increases even more due to the fixing of the protrusions of 4 underlying beams in the reciprocal grooves of 5 overlying beams.

The longitudinal plates 1 can be made of at least 2 glue-timber beams bonded to each other along the upper and the lower edges corresponding to them with the adhesive layer 11 (Fig. 2).

The glue-timber can be made of several beams fastened together at the ends by an adhesive joint "on a spike".

Claims (2)

1. A glued-wood profiled beam consisting of plates glued together, characterized in that the beam is made of 2 longitudinal plates located parallel to each other, rigidly fastened together along the entire length of the 3rd longitudinal plate, the plane of which is perpendicular to the planes fastened plates, and transverse plates, the planes of which are perpendicular to the planes of the longitudinal plates. 2. The glued-wood profiled beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal plates are made of at least 2 glue-timber beams bonded to each other along the upper and lower edges corresponding to them with an adhesive layer.

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