RU208109U1 - WOODEN BAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates both to building materials used in the construction of walls, fencing elements, etc., where solid beams or solid logs were traditionally used, and to structural elements used in the field of construction, and can be used as beams, racks , support. A distinctive feature of this beam is that it consists of a U-shaped beam, manufactured at woodworking enterprises from boards and formed into a single beam structure at a construction site (due to the connection between a finished U-shaped beam and an external insert - a board covering the opening between the parallel boards of this U-shaped beam at the level of the outer ends of the boards of this U-shaped beam).

Description

The utility model applies both to building materials used in the construction of walls, fencing elements, etc., where lumber was traditionally used - timber or solid logs, and to structural elements used in the field of construction. It can be used as beams, posts, supports, used in fencing elements and the like, in which a bar or solid logs are traditionally used.

According to GOST 18288-87, Group K00 INTERSTATE STANDARD "Sawmill production. Terms and definitions": "Timber - Lumber with a thickness and width of 100 mm and more."

The task facing the developers of this design is the creation of building structures - replacing the timber, having the appearance, shape, dimensions of the timber and not inferior to it in strength and operational characteristics, cheaper and more technologically advanced both in the process of its production and in the process of construction with its use ...

In the prior art, structures of solid timber obtained by processing solid wood are known.

Known invention "Glued wooden truss and method of its manufacture", application RU No. 2000116751, publ. 2002.07.20, IPC E04C 3/12, including a connecting grid, enclosed between the belt layers and fixed between the belt elements in two mutually perpendicular planes. However, the invention does not solve the problem of constructing rigid dimensional chains through an adhesive bond by dividing the external load by dispersing it into its constituent parts using the properties of wood for their formation.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is the invention No. 2266376 GLUED WOODEN BAR Application: 2004108232/03, 03.23.2004 (51) IPC E04C 3/12 (2000.01), where Glued timber consists of a package of glued together boards and longitudinal inserts with the formation n hollow chambers located between parallel boards of the package, where n> 2, the inner boards of the package are made with a longitudinal support protrusion and a longitudinal installation groove located on the narrow sides of these boards, longitudinal inserts are glued between the boards of the package along their edges, while the inserts located between the outermost boards in the package and the inner boards of the package adjacent to them, are made in the form of bars with a rectangular cross-section, and other longitudinal inserts located between the inner boards of the package are made in the form of bars with a longitudinal supporting protrusion or an installation groove located on the outer sides of these inserts , and the bar is made with the following ratio of the total area ny stotny chambers in the cross-section of the bar to the cross-sectional area of the bar: Sn.kam / Sbr = 0.20-0.35.

However, this invention does not solve the problem:

- reducing the material consumption of a bar (a lot of wood and glue is used), simplifying its manufacture in production, since the assembly of building blocks from this bar requires a large amount of glue and the presence of special devices,

- simplification of installation into the wall at the construction site, because the timber of this design is connected to each other into the wall only through the use of traditional connection technology.

- subject to changes in geometry - corners and edges, and when the moisture content of this bar changes over time, it can undergo deformation.

FIG. 1 shows an image of a hollow glued building structure (hereinafter referred to as timber).

FIG. 2 shows an image of a cross-section of a bar with an internal insert (board) between the inner surfaces of the U-shaped element, connected on both sides, for example, with self-tapping screws.

FIG. 3 shows an image of a cross-section of a bar with filling.

FIG. 4 shows an image of a cross-section of a U-shaped beam made of three boards with rallying elements in the form of longitudinal grooves and spikes in perpendicularly arranged boards.

FIG. 5 shows an image of a section of a U-shaped beam made of two connected L-shaped beams with rallying elements in the form of longitudinal grooves and spikes in perpendicular and oppositely located boards, where:

1 - U-shaped element;

2 - outer insert - the fourth edge of the bar (hereinafter referred to as the outer insert);

3 - internal insert, reinforcing the bar (hereinafter referred to as the internal insert);

4 - insulation;

5 - elements of rallying in the form of longitudinal grooves and spikes in perpendicularly located boards;

6 - elements of rallying in the form of transverse grooves and spikes in the boards, forming one plane.

The technical result of the proposed solution is the creation of a wooden beam that is not subject to changes in the geometry of both the edges and edges and cracking of the edges when the humidity changes; having low material consumption and weight; technological in the manufacture of both the beam itself and buildings and structures with its use due to the fact that the wooden beam (hereinafter referred to as the beam) is made in the form of a hollow wooden structure of a rectangular section, assembled at the construction site from two fitted to each other in size elements: a U-shaped beam and an external insert - a board that closes the opening between the parallel boards of this U-shaped beam at the level of the outer ends of the boards of this U-shaped beam.

This bar, in comparison with the bar described in analogues, or in comparison with a solid bar:

- does not crack when the humidity changes due to the internal voidness of the timber, which is not made from a solid mass, but from an assembly of two elements - from a U-shaped, mainly glued beam and an external insert - a board that closes the opening between parallel boards of this U-shaped beam on the level of the outer ends of the boards of this U-shaped beam,

- not subject to changes in surface geometry, because all timber boards, dried under the same conditions (up to 12% moisture content), have the same moisture content and a small change in the internal stress of the wood over the section,

- not subject to changes in the geometry of the beam due to the presence of a glued groove-spike connection made during the assembly of the U-shaped beam and due to the formation of an internal board located between the parallel sides of the U-shaped beam, which is preferably formed by gluing together two G- shaped beams into a U-shaped beam),

- when connecting a bar to a wall structure, no complex components or devices are required, for example, due to the fact that the assembly of a bar into a wall is performed at a construction site from a U-shaped glued beam and an external insert using self-tapping screws or screw connections between the side - external insert of one bar and the side of the U-shaped beam adjacent to it,

- does not require complex equipment, which is required for high-quality gluing of solid timber elements, and also does not require a lengthy production process, due to the fact that the timber elements have rallying elements in the form of longitudinal grooves and spikes;

- less material-intensive, and as a result - has less weight, which provides significant savings in material resources, as well as cost, during construction, transportation, lifting to a height.

- when filling the internal void of a bar with various fillers, the bar can be used for various purposes: or used as supports, if an internal board 3 is installed and fastened into the void inside the bar; or be used as elements of a wall structure, if the void inside the timber is filled with insulation 4; or used as a duct or duct box.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CLAIMED TECHNICAL SOLUTION

The inventive wooden beam (hereinafter referred to as the beam) is made in the form of a hollow wooden structure of a rectangular cross-section, assembled at the construction site from two elements fitted to each other in size: a U-shaped beam 1 and an external insert - a board 2, covering the opening between parallel boards of this U-shaped beam at the level of the outer ends of the boards of this U-shaped beam, where the empty space inside the timber can have various fillers.

U-shaped beam 1 - a structure made of boards connected along the long sides.

The design of the U-shaped beam, optimal in terms of reliability and manufacturability, consists of three boards, where one of the boards on both sides, and the other two on one side, have joining elements in the form of longitudinal grooves and spikes 5 (see Fig. 4). At the same time, there is an additional adhesive connection between the grooves and the spikes, which increases the strength of the U-shaped beam 1.

Also, the U-shaped beam 1 can be made of two identical L-shaped beams, interconnected by the rallying elements deployed towards each other in the form of grooves and spikes 6 with an additional adhesive layer between them (see Fig. 5), or one G- a shaped beam and a board connected along the long side in a way convenient for the manufacturer (not shown in the drawings).

It is possible to manufacture U-shaped beams by connecting the boards by other existing methods not described above.

Depending on the purpose of the bar, the voids inside the bar can have different fillings.

When a bar is used as a support, there is a filler inside the bar - an internal insert in the form of one or more planks 3 is installed and fixed inside the U-shaped beam.

When using a bar as elements of a wall structure, the bar has a filler - an internal insert in the form of a heater 4.

When using a bar as a duct for pipe or cable ducts, pipes or wires (cables) pass inside the bar, which can be located together with insulation, or together with an insert from the boards.

The outer 2 and inner 3 inserts are connected to the U-shaped beam 1, preferably by means of self-tapping screws, or by means of other possible connection means used to connect wooden parts.

Examples of the implementation of the bar.

1. The timber, which is used to replace the lumber - a solid timber, consists of two components prepared in the woodworking industry - profiled glued U-shaped beams 1 and external inserts 2, interconnected with self-tapping screws, is used in the construction of wall structures. The timber is assembled directly at the construction site during the construction of the wall. The beam is made of a board 25 mm thick, 3000 mm long. The width of the sides of the timber is 200 mm. Internal filling of the timber - insulation.

2. The timber, which is used to replace the lumber - a solid timber, consists of two components prepared in the woodworking industry - profiled glued U-shaped beams 1 and external inserts 2, interconnected with self-tapping screws, is used to make racks. The timber is assembled directly at the construction site during the construction process. The beam is made of a board 45 mm thick, 2700 mm long. The width of the sides of the timber is 150 ÷ 250 mm. Internal filling of a bar - board, pipes, porous filler 4. U-shaped beam is made of two L-shaped beams.

3. The bar, which is used to replace the lumber - a solid bar, consists of two components prepared in the woodworking industry - profiled glued U-shaped beams 1 and external inserts 2, interconnected with self-tapping screws, is used to make supports. The timber is assembled directly at the construction site in the process of supports. The beam is made of a board 25 mm thick, 2000 mm long. The width of the sides of the timber is 150 mm. Internal filling of a bar - board 3, cable shaft, porous or fibrous filler 4.

When using such a bar, no additional work is required on the external and internal finishing of the wall surfaces, because the boards, from which the timber is formed, are made in production, taking into account the customer's requirements for the timber.

The offered timber can be made on woodworking machines using standard equipment forming a technological line, and using well-known materials: wood of various species, finishing materials and adhesive compositions.

Thus, the proposed wooden beam has a novelty, since it is a previously unknown building material and element, ensures the achievement of the technical result - the creation of a wooden beam that is not subject to changes in the geometry of both edges and edges and cracking when the humidity changes; having low material consumption and weight; technological in the manufacture of both the timber itself and buildings and structures with its use, providing good heat and sound insulation, expanding functionality by ensuring the possibility of placing electrical wiring, communication cables, pipes, etc. in cavities.

The proposed technical solution also meets the criterion of industrial applicability, since it can be repeatedly reproduced using known technical means according to the technology described above.

Claims (10)

1. A wooden beam is made in the form of a wooden structure of a rectangular section made of boards, characterized in that it is made during construction from a U-shaped beam and an external insert - a board that covers the opening between the parallel boards of this U-shaped beam at the level of the outer ends boards of this U-shaped beam, and has an internal insert. 2. A beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped beam is a structure made of boards connected along the long sides, where one of the boards on both sides, and the other two on one side, have joining elements. 3. A beam according to claim 2, characterized in that the U-shaped beam is a structure made of two oppositely located L-shaped beams, having between themselves elements of rallying, where the L-shaped beam is made of two boards. 4. Beam according to PP. 2, 3, characterized in that the rallying elements are made in the form of grooves and spikes. 5. Beam according to PP. 2-4, characterized in that there is an adhesive joint between the grooves and the pins. 6. A bar according to claim 1, characterized in that one board or several boards are used as the inner insert. 7. A bar according to claim 1, characterized in that a heater is used as an internal insert. 8. A bar according to claim 1, characterized in that pipes are used as the inner insert. 9. A bar according to claim 1, characterized in that wires and / or cables are used as an internal insert. 10. A beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the wooden insert is connected to the U-shaped beam with self-tapping screws.

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