RU14594U1 - GLUED WOODEN ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A glued wooden element made in the form of a parallelepiped having a longitudinal groove on the opposite sides and a ridge corresponding to it, characterized in that the element is made integral from the width of the wood plates, interconnected by layers of adhesive layers, the crest being formed by the protruding part of the plate (n) offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, and the groove of its lower end surface (s) and parts of adjacent plates spaced apart from this surface. 2. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least two ridges and a groove formed by alternating offset (s) and adjacent (s) plates. An element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made of plates of equal length, each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, further offset (s) along the length of the element with the formation on the end faces hollow and corresponding ledge. 4. An element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates is made (s) with a length greater than the length of adjacent plates and protruding from each side to a length of modular size. 5. An element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates is made (s) with a length greater than the length of the adjacent plates and protruding from one side to the length of the modular size. 6. An element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates are made (s) with a length shorter than the length of the adjacent plates and recessed on each side by the length of the modular size. 7. Element by �

Description

Glued wood element

 the model relates to construction and can be used in the construction of prefabricated wooden structures from individual elements as elements of walls, ceilings, etc.

A well-known glued wooden element (. (M.A.Grigoriev, Materials Science for joiners and carpenters, Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola, 1985, p. 59, fig. 39g), made in the form of a parallelepiped of plates. The plates are connected at the ends with adhesive layers and made of coniferous wood.

When assembling elements in the wall structure, some kind of connection is required. This can be a castle connection with orthogonally located elements, screw-in or nail, which will fix the elements in the direction of the wall (horizontally) and vertically. Such a wall is not tight enough due to the fact that the joints formed when the elements are connected to each other vertically and stpci in their end connections are blown. This leads to large heat losses.

Application in the assembly of joints complicates installation and leads to higher construction costs.

The sizing area of the element is determined by the total area of the layers and therefore a large consumption of glue is required for manufacturing.

A building element is also known (R.F.patent No. 2024706, class E04C 1 / 00.1994), made in the form of a parallelepiped with outer and inner plates, having a longitudinal groove a on the lower face and a ridge formed on the upper face, formed displacement of the inner plate relative to adjacent outer plates. At the ends, the element has a depression and a protrusion corresponding to it.

The building element is a monolithic structure with a greater bulk density, requiring insulation and finishing measures.

When installing the second row of building elements, each ridge located on the upper face enters the groove. located on the bottom. In one row, the blocks are connected by entering the protrusion at the end of the element 1 into the cavity at the end of the element 2.

The presence of a ridge and a groove on the upper and lower faces solves the problem of connecting the elements to each other vertically, and the trough and protrusion on the end faces are horizontal.

However, the implementation of the groove and the ridge of solid wood material or from a block of adhesive glue anymore requires large technological costs, for example, for milling this configuration. This also leads to large losses of wood.

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MKI: E 04 С 2/10, 3/00 A building element is known (USSR, author certificate No. 1458530, class Е04Р15 / 04.1989), which is the most

close analogue. It is made of wood in the form of a paralleleted, having a longitudinal groove and a corresponding ridge on opposite sides. Such an element allows assembling with horizontal fixation, for example when laying parquet or walls.

Each element is made of a single plate of wood (from a bar). The comb and groove are milled, which is associated with a large amount of wood waste and technological costs. When forming a panel to cover the floor, the bars are connected into a groove and a comb and glued along the side faces.

The disadvantage of this element is that over time, the milled groove and ridge are deformed (twisted) due to internal stresses, and the wall structure or ceiling formed from them also deform.

In addition, the use of elements as fencing is limited by inadequate bearing capacity, due to their full strength material.

In the case of use as a fence or ceiling structures, the thickness of the element should be 10-15cm. Drying wood products of this thickness is difficult. Internal stresses arise in the wood and cracks appear, which subsequently reduces the bearing capacity of the element and the durability of the structure.

When laying elements in a wall or ceiling, joints are formed in their end joints. Since the end faces of the element have a flat surface, the formed joints have the shape of a rectilinear channel. They are easily sold by air, which leads to large heat losses.

The utility model allows to reduce wood loss in the manufacture of the element, increase its load-bearing capacity and prevent deformation, as well as reduce heat loss and provide a connection at the ends of the elements when using them as a wall or ceiling.

To increase the load-bearing capacity and improve the heat-shielding properties even more, with moisture penetrating winds and snow melting on the construction, with wind loads accompanied by a temperature difference between the external and internal environments, as well as a decrease in the rate of decaying processes, the element is performed with outer plates made of denser wood, than internal.

By combining elements with different configurations of end connections with a certain modular size, it is possible to construct a series composed of different elements, for example, at junctions with windows and doors with a minimum gap.

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opposite sides of the longitudinal groove and its corresponding crest.

What is new is that the element is made up of a width of wood plates, interconnected by layers of adhesive layers, while the ridge is formed by the protruding part of the plate (n), offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates, and the groove of its lower end (nx) surface and parts of adjacent plates spaced from this surface

Such an element may have at least two ridges and a groove formed by alternating offset (s) and adjacent (s) plates.

Elements with one groove and crest, or with two or more grooves and crests, can be made of plates of equal length, and each (s) pin (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates is further displaced (s) along the length of the element with the formation on the end faces of the depression and the protrusion corresponding to it, or so that each plate (s) displaced relative to the height of the adjacent plasmas are filled with more large adjacent plastics and protruding on each side to a length of modular size.

In addition, it is possible to perform elements with each plate (s) displaced relative to the height of adjacent plates with a length of a larger length of adjacent plates and protruding from one side to a length of a modular size or with a plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates with the length of the shorter length of adjacent plates and recessed on each NS side by the length of the modular size or from one of its end faces to the length of the modular size

The front plates of any of the enumerated elements can be provided with cladding material or made of wood of more dense species than the inner one (s) and selected from medium and high density species, for example: larch, oak, maple, walnut, ash, and inner (s) a plate (s) of low density rocks, such as pine, spruce, fir, cedar, while the total thickness of the outer plates is (0.04-0.7) the thickness of the element, and the thickness of each individually is at least 5 mm.

The completion of the element with a composite of wood plates connected to each other by layers of adhesive layers provides it with high load bearing capacity since for each element of glued wood, the load is distributed more evenly. The large bonding area determines the reliable cohesion of the wood plates.

The formation of the crest by the protruding part of the plate Сн of offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, and the groove of its lower end (nx) surface and the parts of adjacent plates spaced apart from this surface can limit the degree of freedom of the element while reducing wood loss. The comb and the corresponding pack are formed not by milling the element, but by displacement

plastics (in) relative to adjacent plates. This prevents further crest deformation.

The comb can be made from a single plate or several staples glued together.

In the case of performing the ridge multilayer increases the strength of the element.

An increase in reliability of the joint is imparted by the presence of two or more ridges and grooves.

In the case of the crest and groove displacement of two or more plates, i.e. multilayer reinforcement of the ridge to lateral loads is provided (its strength increases).

An element may have two or more ridges and a groove. They are formed by alternating displaced (s) and adjacent (s) plates. Such an element has a large joint area, due to which its reliability increases.

In an element of plates of equal length, each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates and forming (is) one ridge and its corresponding groove or several ridges and grooves can be additionally shifted (s) along the long element with the formation on the end the edges of the cavity and the corresponding ledge.

This allows you to connect elements but horizontally. Stpsy formed in the end joints are channels of complex shape, which prevent the wall from blowing off or overlapping with air, which leads to a reduction in heat loss.

The different configuration of the end connections of the element makes it possible to obtain the necessary length of a row composed of different elements, for example, in places of application to windows and doors. Fulfillment of each end connection with a certain modular size allows converging with a minimum gap when laying a wall or roofing.

An element in which each (s) Shaayetina (s) displaced relative to the height of adjacent plates is filled (s) with a length of a longer length of adjacent plates and protruding from each side to a length of modular size can be connected to an element in which (s) with respect to the height of adjacent plates, the plate (s) are made (s) with a length greater than the length of adjacent plates and are longer than one side on a modular size.

Or, for example, an element with a plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates (s) with a length shorter than the adjacent plates and buried on each side by a length of a mod.1 size can be combined with an element in which each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates is filled (s) with a shorter length of the adjacent plates and

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buried from one of its end faces to the length of a modular size.

The front plates of any construction elements made with one or more crests and grooves, with cavities and protrusions on the end faces or without them, can be provided with a facing layer to improve aesthetic characteristics, in the form of natural or artificial veneer, plastic, etc.

The front plates of a building element, one with one or more crests and grooves, with cavities and protrusions on end faces or without them, are made of wood of denser species than internal (s) and selected medium and high density species, for example: larch, oak , maple, walnut, ash, and internal (s) Ш1astina (s) Ш low-density species, such as pine, spruce, fir, cedar, while the total thickness of the outer plates is (0.04-0.7) the thickness of the element, and each individually at least 5mm thick.

The location on the outer sides of the element of the flat wood species of wood denser than the inner (s) plate leads to the fact that the vertical distributed load is perceived to a greater extent by the outer plates than the inner (s) i.e. the core. However, heat engineering requirements are provided by the core, which is protected from atmospheric influences.

The load-bearing capacity of the element is increased, and the heat-shielding properties of the structure made up of the elements under moisture penetrating winds and snow melting on the structure are improved, under wind loads accompanied by a temperature difference between the external and temporary environments, and the rate of decay processes is also reduced.

When the conditions for correlation with the mm thickness of the outer plates are in the range (0.04-0.7) of the element thickness, the core is fenced i.e. internal (internal) plates (plates) from atmospheric influences and from melting snow, as well as the high strength of the element to collapse across the fibers. The vertical distributed load is perceived to a large extent by the outer plates, i.e. they are load-bearing.

At a minimum outer tire thickness of 5 mm, atmospheric moisture does not penetrate to the adhesive layer, which allows the structure to have a high load-bearing capacity even with a high wind humidity load and remain with stable thermal performance. If the outer plate is made less than 5 mm, its influence on the bearing capacity of the panel is lost.

The outer (front) plates can be made {integral or composite of several parts along the length of the panel, and the core is solid or composite in length, as well as in thickness from several wood plates with adhesive layers.

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of the element e with one crest and a bundle, as well as a depression and a protrusion on the end faces and with front plates of larch.

In figure 2. shows a section aa of the element in figure 1

In Fig.Z. isometric image of the element in FIG. 1

In figure 4. depicted on the top of the element with two ridges and grooves, as well as depressions and protrusions on the end faces.

In Fig.5. shows a section aa of the element in figure 4.

In FIG. 6. isometric view of the element in FIG. 4

Fig. T shows a top view of an element with an offset plate with a longer length of adjacent plates and protruding on each side to a length of modular size

On Fig. The section AA of the element is shown on f1n-.7.

In FIG. 9. isometric image of the element in FIG. 7

In FIG. 10. shows a top view of an element with an offset plate with a length greater than the length of adjacent plates and extending from one side to the length of the modular size.

In FIG. 11. shows a section AA of the element in FIG. ten.

In FIG. 12. An isometric view of the element of FIG. ten

In FIG. 13. A top view of an element with an offset plate with a shorter length of adjacent plates and bent on each side on a modular length dtgau is shown.

On Fig. section AA is shown in FIG. thirteen.

In FIG. 15. isometric image of the element in FIG. thirteen.

In FIG. 16. A top view of an element with an offset plate with a length shorter than the adjacent plates and recessed on one side by the length of the modular size.

In FIG. 17. shows a section AA of the element in FIG. 16.

In FIG. 18. isometric image of the element in FIG. 16.

The glued wooden element is executed in the form of a parallelepiped. It can take the form of a panel, bar, etc. The element (Fig. 1,2,3) is made nmpime composite of wood plates 1, interconnected by plasmas with adhesive layers 2., which provides it with high bearing capacity since for each element of glued wood, the load is distributed evenly. Large area. For bonding due to reliable bonding of wood plates. formed by the protruding part of the plate, offset relative to the height of adjacent plates, and the groove 3

its lower end surface and parts of adjacent plates spaced from this surface. This provides a limitation of the degree of freedom of the element while reducing wood loss. The crest and the corresponding groove are formed not by milling the element, but by the displacement of the plate relative to adjacent plates, which prevents its further deformation.

The crest 4 can also be formed by the protruding part of the displaced two or more plates glued along the plates (internal), and the groove with their lower end surface and parts of adjacent plates spaced apart from this surface, which increases its strength.

An element may have two or more ridges and a groove. They are formed by alternating displaced (s) and adjacent (s) plates. Such an element has a large connection area, thereby increasing its reliability.

On fsh-.4,5,6 depicts a building element, with two ridges 4 and grooves 3, formed by alternating offset and adjacent plates.

A building element with one crest and groove (Fig. 1,2,3) or with several ridges and grooves (Fig. 4,5,6) can be performed with plates 1 having an equal length, each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, is additionally displaced (s) along the length of the element with the formation on the end faces of the depression 5 and the corresponding protrusion 6.

This allows you to connect elements horizontally. The joints formed in the end joints are channels of complex shape that impede blowing made up of wall elements or overlapping air, which leads to a reduction in heat loss.

Elements for connecting them to each other; can be made with end connections of various configurations

An element in which each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates is filled (s) with a length greater than the length of adjacent plates and protruding from each side to the length of the modulus size a (Fig. 7,8,9 ) can be connected to an element in which displaced (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates of the plate Spas) is half (s) with a length greater than the length of the adjacent plates and protruding from one side to the length of the modular size a (Fig. 10,11,12).

Or, for example, an element with a displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates with a plating (s) completely flat (s) with a length of the smallest length of adjacent plates and buried on each side by a length of modular size a (Fig. 13,14,15) can be combined with an element in which each plate (s).

7 displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates made (s) with this smaller dyna adjacent

plates and recessed with one of its end faces on dlrsha modular size a (Fig. 16,17,18).

The front plates of any of the described elements can be provided with a facing material or made of wood of more dense species than the inner (s) and selected from medium and high density species, for example: hgisvennitsa, oak. maple, walnut, ash, and internal (s) plate (s) of low-density species, such as pine, spruce, fir, cedar.

In FIG. The 1,2,3 element is made with front plates 7 of larch, and the inside of pine. The thickness of each of the flange plates is at least 5 mm, and their total thickness (0.04-0.7) of the thickness of the element.

When the conditions for the ratio of the total thickness of the outer plates in the interval (0.04-0.7) of the thickness of the element are fulfilled, the core is protected from atmospheric influences and from melting snow, as well as its load-bearing capacity is increased.

If the thickness of the outer plates is at least 5 mm, atmospheric moisture will not penetrate to the adhesive layer, which allows the wall structure to have high load-bearing capacity even with high wind humidity load and remain with stable thermal performance.

Since face plates are made of wood of denser species than internal (s) and selected from medium and high density species, the load-bearing capacity of the element increases and the heat-shielding properties of the structure made up of structural elements under wind moisture penetrating influences and snow melting on the structure under wind loads accompanied by a drop in temperature of the external and internal environments, as well as the intensity of the processes of decay.

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Claims (9)

1. A glued wooden element made in the form of a parallelepiped having a longitudinal groove on the opposite sides and a ridge corresponding to it, characterized in that the element is made integral from the width of the wood plates, interconnected by layers of adhesive layers, the crest being formed by the protruding part of the plate (n) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, and the groove of its lower end surface (s) and parts of adjacent plates spaced apart from this surface.  2. The element according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least two ridges and a groove formed by alternating offset (s) and adjacent (s) plates.  3. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made of plates of equal length, and each (s) plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates, is additionally offset (s) along the length of the element with the formation of end faces of the cavity and the corresponding ledge.  4. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates are made (s) with a length greater than the length of the adjacent plates and protruding from each side to the length of the modular size.  5. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates are made (s) with a length greater than the length of the adjacent plates and protruding from one side to the length of the modular size.  6. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) offset (s) relative to the height of the adjacent plates are made (s) with a length shorter than the length of the adjacent plates and recessed on each side by the length of the modular size.  7. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each plate (s) displaced (s) relative to the height of adjacent plates is made (s) with a length shorter than the length of adjacent plates and buried with one of its end faces on modular length.  8. The element according to claim 1 or any one of paragraphs. 2-7, characterized in that the front plates are provided with a facing material. 9. The element according to claim 1 or any one of paragraphs. 2-7, characterized in that the front plates are made of wood of more dense species than the inner (s) and selected from medium and high density species, for example: larch, oak, maple, walnut, ash, and the inner (s) plate (s) from rocks of low density, for example pine, spruce, fir, cedar, while the total thickness of the outer plates is (0.04-0.7) the thickness of the element, and the thickness of each individually is at least 5 mm.