RU2268040C2 - Preparation for treating diarrhea in youngsters of farm animals and method for its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested preparation for treating diarrhea in farm animals youngsters contains bismuth salt in the form of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and, additionally, polyethylenoxide, moreover, preferably, it contains 1.5-2.5%-polyethylenoxide solution and 1.5-2.5%-bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate solution. The method for treating diarrhea deals with introducing the above-mentioned preparation once or twice daily for 1-2 d at the dosage of 1-75 ml/kg body weight. In young foxes it should be introduced at the dosage of 60-75 ml/kg body weight, in calves - at the dosage of 1-3 ml/kg body weight, in lambs - at the dosage of 2-3 ml/kg body weight. Application of the present complex preparation and therapeutic method enables to shorten terms of therapy by 1.5-2 times, decreases expenses for therapy by 3-5 times and provides decreased toxicological impact the preparation upon animal body.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy.

6 cl, 3 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to means and methods for treating diarrhea of farm animals.

Bismuth-containing preparations are known - basic bismuth salicylate, xeroform (DK Chervyakov et al. “Medicines in veterinary medicine.” - M .: Kolos, 1977. - S.132-133), MD Mashkovsky. "Medicines." - M .: "Medicine", 1986. - S.342-343), which have a local, surface-active, astringent effect of bismuth ions on the inflamed surface of the gastrointestinal tract. Upon contact with the inflamed surface of the gastrointestinal tract, bismuth salts bind to the surface protein structures of the cell and form albuminate, and the resulting film in the focus of inflammation promotes the accelerated regeneration of damaged tissue structures. When bismuth ions come into contact with the surface structures of microorganisms, they are inactivated, which leads to a loss of the adhesive-pathogenic properties of the microorganism.

The disadvantage of these drugs and methods of their use is that all of them have low solubility in water and require mandatory administration in the form of mixtures with mucous or vegetable binders, in boluses or pills, which complicates their industrial use in agriculture. Some of them (xeroform) are used mainly externally in the form of powders and ointments, and oral administration is prohibited due to the toxicity of the drug.

The closest solution adopted for the prototype is the preparation of bismuth nitrate basic and the method of its application. The drug is used in the treatment of gastric ulcer and small intestine in the form of powder or tablets. The drug has an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, astringent effect, has a beneficial effect on the inflamed mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, exhibiting antimicrobial and antitoxic properties (I.E. Mozgov. Pharmacology, 1952. - P.356-358, D.K. Chervyakov et al. “Medicines in veterinary medicine.” - M.: Kolos, 1977. - P.132-133, MD Mashkovsky. “Medicines.” - M.: “Medicine”, 1986. - P.342- 343).

The disadvantage of the drug is that it is used in the form of a powder or tablets with low solubility in water, which significantly reduces its absorption by the body, and therefore, therapeutic efficacy. The method of application (mixing with mucous decoctions of plant origin, preparation of medicine and boluses) of the drug is laborious, which complicates its use in agricultural production, in particular on large livestock farms, complexes, fur farms with a large number of animals.

The objective of the proposed solution is to expand the range of funds for the treatment of diarrhea of young farm animals of bacterial etiology.

The technical result of the invention is the reduction of treatment time and toxicological effects of the drug on the animal.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in the known preparation for the treatment of diarrhea of young farm animals according to the invention, a preparation containing bismuth salt is used, characterized in that it additionally contains potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia and citric acid, which significantly improves its solubility (preparation of water solutions), and therefore the therapeutic effect.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in order to enhance and prolong the therapeutic effect, it additionally contains polyethylene oxide, which when dissolved in water is a mucous form with increased permeability and enveloping properties.

The stated technical problem is also solved in that the method of treating diarrhea of young farm animals, including the introduction of the drug, differs in that the drug is administered in the form of an aqueous solution with an aqueous solution of polyethylene oxide.

In addition, the technical task is solved by the fact that the components are taken in the following respects: 1.5-2.5% solution of the preparation of bismuth salt and 1.5-2.5% solution of polyethylene oxide.

The invention also consists in the fact that in the known method of treatment, including the introduction of the drug, according to the invention, sick animals are fed in the following doses: to the fox, the drug is administered at a dose of 60-75 ml / kg body weight 1-2 times a day for 1-2 days; the drug is administered to calves in a dose of 1-3 ml / kg of live weight 1-2 times a day for 1-2 days; the drug is administered to lambs 2-3 ml / kg of live weight 1-2 times a day for 1-2 days.

The drug is prepared as follows. Potassium hydroxide and citric acid are added to distilled water with stirring. To the resulting solution, bismuth citrate is added with stirring, then aqueous ammonia to pH 8 and dissolution is carried out for 3 hours. The resulting bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate solution was diluted with distilled water and dried by spraying to obtain a crystalline powder. The resulting powder is mixed with an aqueous solution of polyethylene oxide, previously mixed in water.

The concentrated form of the drug in a volume of 200 ml or 400 ml is stored at a temperature of +4 (+8) ° C for 2 years. The drug in a diluted state is stored without the addition of preservatives in a cool dark place for 1 year.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples of the use of the drug to obtain a therapeutic effect in farm animals.

Example 1

The therapeutic efficacy of a new drug containing 1.5-2% solutions of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and polyethylene oxide was studied in gastroenteritis of young silver-black foxes 5-6 months of age.

The drug was drunk to 5 experimental groups of cubs at a concentration of 1-5% solution at a dose (n = 5) of 60-75 ml per 1 kg / live weight, 1-2 times a day. As a control, a group of foxes was selected according to the principle of analogues, the treatment of which was carried out by rifacycline according to the instructions for use. Doses in the experimental groups were taken from the prototype of the preparation of bismuth basic nitrate (table 1).

Table 1. Determining the optimal concentration of Enterovis and the treatment period for fox diarrhea No. Group number Dose, ml / kg live weight The concentration of the drug,% The course of treatment, days Disease duration, days one 1 group 60-75 0.5-1.0 3 2.0 ± 0.6 2 2 group 60-75 1.5-2.0 1-2 1.5 ± 0.2 3 3 group 60-75 2.0-3.0 1-2 1.5 + 0.2 four 4 group 60-75 3.0-4.0 1-2 1.4 + 0.2 5 5 group 60-75 4.0-5.0 1-2 1.4 ± 0.1 6 Control (rifacycline) 0.1 5 one 2.6 ± 0.2

The most optimal scheme, given the ratio of therapeutic effect and drug costs, was treatment in group No. 2. The average recovery period in the experimental groups was 1.57 ± 0.14 days, which is 1.5-2 times less than in the control group, where the treatment was carried out with an antibacterial drug.

A laboratory study of blood serum of foxes showed an increase in lysozyme and bactericidal activity in experimental group No. 2 (use of bismuth salt) compared with the control (use of antibiotic). A decrease in protein levels was observed, which may indicate a weakening of diarrheal syndrome. There was also a significant increase in alpha (by 55%) and beta ((20%) and a decrease in gamma globulins (by 27%), which may indicate a decrease in the intensity of the infectious process.

Example 2

The therapeutic efficacy of a new drug containing 1.5-2% solutions of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and polyethylene oxide was studied in gastroenteritis of young cattle. For this, 6 groups were formed (n = 5), of which 5 experimental (use of the drug) and control (group, where the usual treatment regimen adopted at the farm was used). In the experiment, calves of black-motley breed were used for 1-2.5 months. age. The control group calves were treated with 0.1 ml / kg of live weight enroflon, subcutaneously 1 time per day. Doses in the experimental groups were taken from the prototype of the preparation of bismuth basic nitrate.

The calves of the experimental group were fed a bismuth salt preparation of a 1-5% solution, 1-3 ml / kg of body weight, 1-2 times a day. The recovery period in the control and experimental groups, respectively, was 3.0 ± 0.2 and 2.6 ± 0.2 days. The most optimal scheme, given the ratio of therapeutic effect and drug costs, was treatment in group No. 2 (Table 2).

Table 2. Determining the optimal concentration of Enterovis and the duration of treatment for calf diarrhea No. Group number Dose, ml / kg live weight The concentration of the drug,% The course of treatment, days Disease duration, days one 1 group 1-3 1.0-1.5 3 3.8 ± 0.6 2 2 group 1-3 1.5-2.0 1-2 2.6 ± 0.2 3 3 group 1-3 2.0-3.0 1-2 2.5 ± 0.2 four 4 group 1-3 3.0-4.0 1-2 2.5 ± 0.2 5 5 group 1-3 4.0-5.0 1-2 2.4 ± 0.1 6 Control (enroflon) 0.1 5 1-2 3.0 ± 0.2

Analyzing the dynamics of biochemical changes in the blood serum of animals of the experimental groups before and after the use of the test preparation of bismuth, it is possible to note the stabilization of homeostatic parameters in animals compared with animals of the control group. So, the level of circulating immune complexes decreased, which indicates a decrease in the intensity of the infectious process in animals. The percentage redistribution in blood protein fractions has also significantly changed (a decrease in gamma globulin and an increase in beta and alpha globulin fractions), which may indicate a decrease in the infectious process. A direct indicator of increased nonspecific resistance can be an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum. The stabilization of water-salt metabolism can be traced in the normalization of alkaline phosphatase, alkaline reserve, calcium and inorganic phosphorus. Normalization of metabolic processes can be traced in an increase in carotene, a decrease in cholesterol, aspartic aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase compared with animals in the control group.

Example 3

The therapeutic efficacy of a new preparation containing 1.5-2% solutions of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and polyethylene oxide was tested on newborn lambs with a clinical picture of colibacteriosis.

The control group of calves (n = 10) was treated with gentomycin and streptomycin according to the instructions for the use of drugs. Four experimental groups (n = 10) of lambs were fed a bismuth salt preparation in the form of a 1.5-2.5% aqueous solution in doses of 1.0-3.0 ml / kg body weight. The most pronounced therapeutic efficacy of the drug, confirmed by a higher stabilization rate of the body's homeostasis, was observed in the group of lambs, where the treatment was carried out at a dose of 2.0-3.0 ml / kg of live weight 1-2 times a day. In this experimental group, the average recovery period was 1.8 days with a complete absence of mortality, while in the control group there was a death of 1 (10%) of the head, the average recovery period was 5.1 days.

The use of this complex drug and method of treatment can reduce the duration of treatment by 1.5-2 times, reduce treatment costs by 3-5 times. This method of treatment does not have a toxic effect on the macroorganism observed with antibiotic therapy, and does not contribute to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains.

The ratio of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and polyethylene oxide solutions in the preparation does not affect the reduction of the treatment time and the toxicological effects of the preparation on the animal's body, since it has increased permeability and enveloping properties for any ratio of active ingredients; in addition, the preparation contains active substances in small concentrations, and it is used in small concentrations (0.5-5.0%).

Claims (6)

1. A drug for the treatment of diarrhea of young farm animals, including a bismuth salt, characterized in that it contains a bismuth salt in the form of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate and additionally polyethylene oxide. 2. The drug according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a 1.5-2.5% solution of polyethylene oxide and a 1.5-2.5% solution of bismuth-potassium ammonium citrate. 3. A method of treating diarrhea of young farm animals, comprising administering to it a preparation containing a bismuth salt, characterized in that the preparation according to claim 1 or 2 is used as a preparation containing a bismuth salt, which is drunk 1-2 times a day for 1 -2 days at a dose of 1-75 ml / kg body weight. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the drug is fed to the fox in a dose of 60-75 ml / kg of live weight. 5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the calves drink the drug in a dose of 1-3 ml / kg of live weight. 6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the preparation is given to the lambs in a dose of 2-3 ml / kg of live weight.