RU2259710C2 - Milking unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, milking units for mechanized animal farming.

SUBSTANCE: milking unit has teat cups, milk claw composed of four milk pipes connected through hoses with measuring cylinders of milk bucket. Atmospheric valve mounted on teat cup has bushing with gauged opening and membrane adapted for admission of air (compression stroke) into chamber arranged below teat chamber of teat cup through branch pipe. Milk bucket cylinder has milk catcher within which electrodes and milk suppressor are arranged. Milk suppressor is simultaneously serving as additional isolator between electrodes. Electrodes are, in turn, connected with electronic unit for registering milking time in each individual udder quadrant. Each cylinder has float connected with measuring rule extending through bushing and fixed on free end of measuring rule of vacuum valve.

EFFECT: increased milking efficiency.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to milking machines, and can be used for mechanization of animal husbandry.

Known devices:

SU No. 906460 A, A 01 J 7/00, 02/23/82;

RU No. 2053654 C1, A 01 J 7/00, 02/10/96.

These devices do not have sufficient reliability, are difficult to operate and maintain.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of determining the suitability of cows for machine milking.

To achieve this effect, in a milking machine containing two-chamber milking cups with atmospheric valves, a collector with milk tubes, a milking bucket with milk traps, a float level indicator and an electronic milking time recording unit, each milking cup contains an atmospheric valve for transporting milk, rigidly and tightly installed in the wall of the milking cup, made in the form of a sleeve with a calibrated hole and a membrane. Each cylinder of the milking bucket contains milk traps made in the form of truncated cones facing down with a smaller base and equipped with interchangeable nozzles. Each milk trap is equipped with two electrodes isolated from each other and a milk dampener, which simultaneously serves as an additional insulator between the electrodes. Each cylinder of the milking bucket is equipped with a float device for recording milk with milk made in the form of a float and a measuring ruler, and a valve is rigidly and hermetically installed in the upper part of the ruler, which during milking atmospheric pressure presses against the guide sleeve of the milking bucket, and after milking is finished, the float with a measured a ruler pops up to a height equal to the level of milk in the cylinder of the milking bucket.

The invention will be understood from the following description and the attached drawings.

Figure 1 shows a milking machine, a General view; figure 2 - atmospheric valve; figure 3 - molokolovushka with milk stabilizer and interchangeable nozzles.

The proposed milking machine (Fig. 1) is equipped with milking cups 1, through a milk outlet 2 connected to milk tubes 3 of the collector 4, the free ends of which, in turn, are connected by hoses 5 through nozzles 6 to milk carts 7 installed in each of the four measured cylinders 8 of the milking buckets 9.

Each milking cup 1 contains an atmospheric valve 10, which is connected through its nozzle 11 to its suction cup 12. The interwall chamber 13 of the milking cup 1 is connected via the nozzle 14 to the variable vacuum chamber 15 of the collector 4 and then to the pulsator (not shown in the diagram).

Each cylinder 8 of the milking bucket 9 contains a float 16 connected to a measuring ruler 17 passing through the guide sleeve 18, rigidly and hermetically mounted in the cover 19 of the milking bucket 9. The measuring ruler 17 contains a rigidly fixed vacuum valve 20. The cover 19 of the milking bucket 9 contains a nozzle 21 and an electronic milking time recording device 22 attached thereto.

The atmospheric valve 10 (Fig. 2) is made in the form of a sleeve 23 with a calibrated hole 24 and a membrane 25. The atmospheric valve 10 is connected via a nozzle 11 to the suction cup 12 of the milking cup 1 (Fig. 1). The milking cup 1 through the pipe 2 is connected to the milk tubes 3 of the collector 4, in turn they are connected to the milking bucket through hoses 5 connected to the milk traps 7 through the nozzle 6. The milk trap 7 (Fig. 3) contains two identical, isolated from each other electrodes 26, a drain hole 27, an overflow hole 28 and a milk damper 29, which simultaneously serves as an additional insulator between the electrodes 26. Moreover, the drain hole 27 is equipped with a set of interchangeable nozzles 30. For milk to flow into the measuring cylinder 8 to 9 molokolovushka ceiling elements buckets 7 is provided with a drain hole 27 with a nozzle 30 (nozzle if the bandwidth capacity exceeds milk flow rate) and the overflow orifice 28 (if the nozzle throughput capacity does not exceed animal milk flow rate).

The milking machine operates as follows.

The milk pipes 3 (Fig. 1) of the collector 2 are connected via hoses 5 to the milking bucket 9, which, through the milk pipe 21, is connected to the milk pipe. A variable vacuum chamber 15 (through a pulsator) is connected to a vacuum wire (not shown in the diagram) and a clip (not shown in the diagram) is opened, mounted on the hose in front of the milk pipe 21. In this case, the vacuum through the pipe 21 enters the cylinders 8 of the milking bucket 22 and then through the milk trap 7, the nozzle 6 through the milk hoses 5 into the suction cups 12 of the milking cups 1. Before putting the milking cups 1 on the teats of the udder in the suction cup 12 and the inlet milk pipe 2, almost atmospheric pressure is set.

After putting on the milking cups 1 on the nipples of the udder of the cows in the suction cup 12, a vacuum is established, the value of which is determined by the magnitude of the vacuum in the vacuum line. In the suction stroke, the vacuum supplied to the interstitial chamber of the milking cup 1 from the variable vacuum chamber 15, closes the calibrated hole 24 with the membrane 25 due to the pressure difference in the interstitial and suction cups 12, the milking process will proceed as in a conventional milking machine.

During the compression stroke, the membrane 25 of the atmospheric valve 10 (FIG. 2) will bend under the action of the pressure difference, opening the calibrated hole 24 of the sleeve 23, and let the air from the interstitial chamber into the suction cup during the compression stroke. Milk from the suction cup 12, carried away by a portion of air from the inter-wall chamber, passing through the milk tubes 3 and hoses 5, through the nozzle 6 enters the milk trap 7 (Fig. 3), where, interacting with the milk dampener 29, which simultaneously serves as an insulator between the electrodes 26, flows under its own weight through the interchangeable nozzle 30. If the milk flow from the suction cup 12 to the milk trap 7 exceeds the throughput of the interchangeable nozzle 30, the milk flows through the overflow hole 28 of the milk trap 7. In this case, the electrodes 26 are immersed in milk о and include an electronic unit for recording milking time 22. From the milk trap 7, milk enters the cylinder 8 of the milking bucket 9. After the throughput of the interchangeable nozzle 30 exceeds the milk yield of the udder (50 or 100 ml / min), the electrodes 26 will open to the electronic unit registering milking time 22 a signal will come that will stop the timer. To increase the accuracy of determining the milking time, each milk trap 7 is equipped with a milk damper 29, which reduces the fluctuations of milk in the milk trap. Since there is a vacuum in the cylinders 8 of the milking bucket 9 during milking, the vacuum valve 20 is pressed by atmospheric pressure to the sleeve 18 and thereby holds the float 16 immersed in milk.

Thus, the milking process proceeds during the compression stroke.

At the end of milking, close the clip in front of the milk pipe 21 and remove the teat cups from the udder of the animal. In this case, the valve 20 does not hold the float, which pops up, while raising the measuring ruler 17, the height of the raising of which determines the amount of milk milk for each share of the udder.

The economic effect of using the proposed apparatus can be obtained due to the growth of labor productivity, a better determination of the suitability of animals for machine milking.

Claims (4)

1. Milking machine, including two-chamber milking cups with atmospheric valves, a collector with milk tubes, a milking bucket with milk traps, a float level indicator and an electronic milking time recording unit, characterized in that each milking cup is equipped with an atmospheric valve for transporting milk, rigidly and tightly mounted in the wall of the milking cup, made in the form of a sleeve with a calibrated hole and a membrane. 2. The milking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each cylinder of the milking bucket is equipped with milk traps made in the form of truncated cones facing down with a smaller base and equipped with interchangeable nozzles. 3. The milking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that each milk trap contains two electrodes isolated from each other and a milk damper, which simultaneously serves as an additional insulator between the electrodes. 4. The milking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each cylinder of the milking bucket contains a float device for recording milk with milk made in the form of a float and measuring ruler, and a valve is rigidly and hermetically installed in the upper part of the ruler, which is pressed by atmospheric pressure during milking to the guide sleeve of the milking bucket, and after milking is completed, the measuring ruler is extended to a height equal to the level of milk in the cylinder of the milking bucket.

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