RU2684214C1 - Flow meter for milking machines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture, in particular to the milk flow intensity determination and the milking process control units. Flowmeter for the milking machines comprises housing, transparent jar with the milk flow scale, milk from the milking unit receiving tube, valve with a float mounted thereon, discharge tube with calibrated orifice in its lower part and milk from the flowmeter jar discharge branch pipe to milking bucket or the milking unit milk pipeline. By the vertical partition the transparent jar inner cavity is divided into milk from the milking unit receiving chamber and the constant controlled vacuum chamber. In the lower part the constant controlled vacuum chamber is connected to the milk supply hose from the milking device manifold and to the branch pipe in the form of bent tube for milk suction into the receiving chamber. In the upper part the constant controlled vacuum chamber is connected to the pulsator.EFFECT: preventing the teat cups dragging on the animal's udder teats at the end of milking.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for determining the intensity of milk yield and control the milking process.

Known milking machine [Copyright certificate RU No. 292669, class. A01J 4/04, 1971 “Milking machine”], having as a flowmeter a device for automatically controlling the vacuum in the suction cups of the milking cups depending on the intensity of milk flow, consisting of a cylindrical milk trap and a float with a valve installed in the vacuum line to the collector's milk chamber and located under the lid of the milking bucket.

Its disadvantage is the impossibility of visually determining the flow of milk during milking and the expansion of the nipple rubber due to the difference in the depth of the vacuum in the interstitial and suction cups of the teatcup at a low speed of milking the animal.

Also known is a flow meter or vacuum reducer of the design of the Azov-Black Sea State Agroengineering Academy, which we adopted as a prototype [Krasnov I.N., Krasnova A.Yu., Filin V.M., Filin D.V. Mechanization of production, primary processing and processing of milk. Monograph. - Rostov-on-Don: TERA PRINT, 2009 .-- 388 p., P. 63, fig. 318 (b).], Comprising a housing, a transparent jar with a milk flow scale, a milk intake pipe from the milking machine, a valve with a float mounted on it, a discharge pipe with a calibrated hole in its lower part, and a milk outlet pipe from the flowmeter can to the milking bucket or milk line of the milking unit.

Its disadvantage is the different level of vacuum in the chambers of the teat cup at a low milking speed: high vacuum in the inter-wall chamber, supplied from the pulsator or directly from the vacuum pipe of the milking unit, and lowered by the flow meter in the suction cup, due to which the nipple rubber is stretched, increasing in size, which contributes to the crawl of milking cups on the nipples of the udder and disruption of the process of extracting milk from the tank of the udder of the animal.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the milking machine in the milking mode of the animal with a reduced vacuum under the nipples at a low speed of milking.

According to the present invention, this is achieved by the fact that in a flow meter containing a housing, a transparent jar with a milk flow scale, a milk intake pipe from the milking machine, a valve with a float and a discharge tube with a calibrated hole, the internal cavity of the transparent can is divided by a vertical partition into a milk receiving chamber from the milking machine and a constant vacuum chamber connected at the bottom with a milk supply hose from the collector and a milk suction pipe to the receiving chamber, and at the top with a pulsator.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing: figure 1 shows a diagram of the flowmeter.

The diagram shows the actual flow meter mounted on the lid 1 of the milking bucket 2 of the milking machine, consisting of milking cups 3, collector 4, pulsator 5, hose 6 for connecting the pulsator 5 to the collector 4 and further with interwall chambers 7 of the milking cups 3, hose 8 for connecting the flow meter to the collector 4 and the hose 9 for connecting the milking bucket to the vacuum pipe 10 of the milking unit.

The flow meter has a housing 11, the role of which is played by the platform on the lid 1 of the milking bucket, a transparent can 12 mounted on it with a scale 13 of milk flow. The inner cavity of the can with a vertical partition 14 is divided into a receiving chamber 15 for milk from the milking machine and a chamber 16 of a constant (adjustable) vacuum.

The receiving chamber 15 has a pipe in the form of a transparent tube 17, on the vertical part of which there is a valve 18 connected to the float 19 worn on the vertical part of the tube 17. The valve 18 with the float 19 mounted on it is equipped with a stem 20, in the upper part of which is outside the can 12 the head 21 is fixed, supported from below by a bracket 22. In the receiving chamber 15 of the can 12, an overflow tube 23 is installed with an exit to the milking bucket 2, in the lower part of which there is a calibrated hole 24.

The chamber 16 of constant (adjustable) vacuum has a nozzle 25 for receiving milk milk from the collector 4 through the hose 8. The nozzle 25 inside the chamber 16 is equipped with a defoamer 26. In the upper part, the chamber 16 is connected to the pulsator 5. A protective net can be installed between the pulsator 5 and camera 16 27. The camera 16 can be made in the form located in the bank 12 of the tube with access to the pulsator 5.

The flow meter operates as follows.

The milkmaid after performing the technological operations for preparing the udder of the cow for milking connects the milking bucket 2 to the vacuum line 10 of the milking unit, lifts the float 19 with the valve 18 by the head 21 and props it with the bracket 22. The outlet of the tube 17 is open, and the working size vacuum, for example , of the order of 50 kPa, is supplied to the collector 4 and then to the suction cups of the teat cups 3. At the same time, this working value of the vacuum from the chamber 16 of the constant (adjustable) vacuum of the flow meter is supplied to the pulsator 5, which, converting e Go into a variable vacuum, provides pneumatic drive of the inter-wall chambers of the milking cups 3. Next, the milkmaid puts the milking cups 3 on the nipples of the cow's udder, and milking of the cow begins in the usual standard vacuum mode.

The milk that has been milked out of the collector 4 is sucked out through a hose 8 and, passing through the flowmeter chamber 16 and tube 17, enters the receiving chamber 15. At a low milking speed, milk from this chamber flows out through a calibrated opening 24 and then flows down into the milking bucket 2. With an increase in flow milk, its level in the receiving chamber 15 rises, the float 19 pops up and raises the rod 20 together with the head 21. The bracket 22 is released, and, since its center of gravity is shifted to the opposite side of the rod, it rotates around the axis of attachment, falls. The milking machine switches to the normal milking mode when, with an intensive flow of milk, part of it flows from above into the overflow tube 23, entering the milking bucket 2.

At the end of the milking of the cow, when the milk flow decreases, its level in the receiving chamber 15 decreases. Reducing the flow of milk to 200 ... 250 grams per minute contributes to the fact that the float 19 with valve 18 is lowered. Working under the influence of their weight in this position in the differential controller mode, the valve 18 reduces the amount of vacuum supplied to the suction cups of the milking cups 3, which ensures automatic cow dowing under reduced vacuum. If necessary, finishing is performed under increased vacuum in the suction cups of the teat cups by reinstalling the valve 18 with the float 19 in the position fixed by the bracket 22.

A further decrease in the milk flow before the flow meter moves in the low vacuum mode to the milking machine is a signal that it is necessary to remove the teat cups from the teats of the udder and turn off the milking machine.

Visual control of milk flow is carried out according to the indications of a scale of 13 and is one of the indicators for monitoring the process of the milking machine and milking the cow.

Using the proposed flow meter eliminates the crawl of milking cups on the nipples of the udder of the animal at the end of milking, provides control over the process of milking the cow and automatically protects the nipples of the udder from the action of high vacuum at a low speed of milking.

Claims (2)

1. A flow meter for milking machines, comprising a housing, a transparent jar with a milk flow scale, a milk intake pipe from the milking machine, a valve with a float mounted on it, a discharge pipe with a calibrated hole in its lower part, and a milk outlet pipe from the flow meter can to the milking bucket or milk line of the milking unit, characterized in that in order to improve the quality of the milking machine in the milking mode of the animal with reduced vacuum under the nipples at a low milk flow rate, the inner cavity is transparent the milk can is divided by a vertical partition into a milk receiving chamber from the milking machine and a constant adjustable vacuum chamber connected at the bottom with a milk supply hose from the milking machine collector and a pipe in the form of a curved tube for sucking milk into the receiving chamber, and at the top with pulsator. 2. The flow meter according to claim 1, characterized in that its constant adjustable vacuum chamber is made in the form of a tube located in the bank with access to the pulsator of the milking machine, and a mesh is installed under the pulsator in the tube.

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