RU2257531C1 - Self-defense system of "ranovit" transport facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: self-defense systems of transport facilities, mainly of tanks, against attacking projectiles.

SUBSTANCE: the system uses anti-projectile guidance unit to the point of destruction and orientation of it at the moment of destruction. The anti-projectile uses impulse trajectory and aiming correction motors. The impulse trajectory correction motors are located in the area of the center of mass of the ant-projectile. The impulse motors of trajectory correction in the directions perpendicular to the larger lateral sides of the anti-projectile are made in a single unit positioned inside the explosive charge and coming out to both mentioned sides. Each motor is made in the form of a barrel containing a ballast load and an igniter.

EFFECT: enhanced functional potentialities of the system.

9 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to self-defense systems of vehicles, mainly tanks, against attacking shells. Typically, these systems contain a fragmentation anti-projectile thrown towards the attacking shell and hit it with a circular or directed fragmentation field.

The prototype of the claimed invention is a vehicle self-defense system according to patent No. 2102678 of the Russian Federation, F 41 A 23/00, publ. 01/20/98, Engineering Design Bureau. The design of the ammunition is described in the patent No. 2127861 of the Russian Federation of the same company.

The self-defense system contains a radar station for detecting and measuring trajectory parameters of the attacking shell. On the upper part of the vehicle, for example around the turret of the tank, there are mounted inclined launch mines with ammunition. Each ammunition has a propelling charge and anti-projectile with a communication line. The anti-projectile has a box-shaped body with fragmentation cladding of directional action, made of non-metallic material, and an explosive charge in the form of a plate. An attacking projectile is struck in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle. The anti-projectile may have a pulse reversal engine. The self-defense system has a unit for predicting the moment of entry of the attacking shell into the zone of destruction of the system and a unit for selecting the number of ammunition and issuing a command to shoot and detonate it. The detonation command is sent via a wireline to the anti-projectile fuse.

The main disadvantage of the prototype is that it provides protection only from shells flying to the target at a low height approximately parallel to the surface of the earth. At the same time, the types of weapons that provide an attack on a tank from above are known. First of all, these include cluster sighting warheads that are lowered by parachute and use an explosive-shaped projectile (impact core) to hit a target (155 mm artillery shells such as SADARM (USA), BONUS (Sweden), SMART (Germany), etc.). A significant threat to the tank is guided missiles and direct mines (Copperhead, Merlin, Griffin, Strix).

The present invention addresses this drawback. The technical solution consists in introducing a system of pulse trajectory and targeting correction engines into the anti-projectile, and, if necessary, a high-altitude interception of the attacking projectile, using a solid-propellant rocket engine, and introducing the anti-projectile at the point of detonation and its orientation in the tank on-board fire control system so that at the time of detonation, the fragmentation plate was aimed at the attacking shell.

Figure 1 is a diagram of the action of the self-defense system, Figure 2 is an anti-projectile without a jet engine, Figure 3 is an anti-projectile with a jet engine, Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a block of trajectory correction engines, Figure 5 is a different construction of stabilizers.

The self-defense system includes a radar station 1 for detecting and measuring the trajectory parameters of the attacking projectile 2 and anti-projectile 3, a set of 4 launch shafts with anti-projectiles installed, for example, around the tank’s tower, a guidance, targeting and detonation unit 5, wire lines for communicating 6 anti-projectiles with the unit 5.

The anti-projectile when executed without a jet engine (Fig. 2) includes a non-metallic casing 7 with a charge of BB 8 located therein, a fragmentation plate of predetermined crushing 9, a detonator 10, block engines for correcting the path 11 and 12, and a block for turning engines 13.

An anti-projectile equipped with a jet engine is shown in FIG. In this case, the jet engine 14 is installed in the upper part of the anti-projectile. The engine comprises a housing 15, a solid fuel charge 16 with an axial channel, an igniter 17, and inclined nozzles 18. The axis of the jet engine is predominantly parallel to the upper end of the anti-projectile. The block of trajectory correction engines (Fig. 4) is installed in the vicinity of the center of mass of the anti-projectile and contains a housing 19 with trunks 20 located therein. Ballast weight 21, pyrotechnic charge 22 and igniter 23 are placed in each barrel.

The arrangement of the launching shaft (barrel of the container), the powder charge of the ejection of the anti-projectile, the wired communication line, the attachment points, etc., as well as the action of the system on attacking shells with a flat path are described in patents No. 2102678, 2127861.

In the case of an attack from above, for example, carried out by a cassette aiming combat element 2, descending on a parachute (Fig. 1), it is detected by radar station 1. The parameters of its trajectory and the terrain scanning diagram are measured. If, according to these parameters, the attacking projectile does not constitute a danger to the tank, the anti-projectile is not launched from the mine. Otherwise, it is started using a powder charge while turning on the jet engine (if any). From that moment, a radar station (radar) begins to simultaneously observe both moving objects - an attacking projectile and anti-projectile. Based on the parameters of their trajectories, the coordinates of the optimal detonation point and the spatial angles of orientation of the anti-projectile at this moment are calculated. Correction of the trajectory of the anti-projectile is carried out by shooting the ballast masses of the engines 11, 12. When the anti-projectile approaches the calculated blasting point, a command is sent to the engine block of reversal 13. In this case, the following options for hitting the attacking shell can be implemented:

- on a miss (figure 1, A); the turn takes place mainly around the longitudinal axis Z-Z of the anti-projectile;

- counter flow from the lead point (figure 1, B); the turn takes place mainly around the transverse axis of the U-Y anti-projectile;

- an intermediate variant of the lesion (figure 1, B); a reversal occurs around both axes.

All types of U-turns are realized due to various combinations of shot ballast masses. After the radar determines that the targeting is done, a signal is sent along wire line 6 to detonate the anti-projectile. To improve the stability of the anti-projectile flight, there are options for equipping it with stabilizers (Fig. 5; a, b - opening stabilizers, c - tape stabilizers, d - parachute type stabilizers).

Figure 1 A, B, C, shows the action of anti-projectiles on self-aiming BE type SADARM, however, these anti-projectiles can be used to destroy any other projectiles attacking from above, including corrected artillery shells and mines. It is quite obvious that they retain the functions of destroying attacking shells moving along gentle trajectories, such as ATGMs and RPGs (Fig. 1, D).

When firing an anti-projectile at a large target, for example, an anti-tank helicopter or an unmanned aerial vehicle, when it is possible to realize a direct hit of an anti-projectile at a target, detonation is carried out using a contact sensor.

It is planned to deploy anti-shells in the standard mine of the Arena self-defense system (Military Parade, No. 4 (28), 1998, published by Military Parade CJSC, pp. 14-15, advertising brochure of the Engineering Design Bureau “Active Tank Defense Complex” Arena-E, Ross. Patent No. 2149337). Moreover, in the general case, the system can be equipped with three types of anti-shells:

- anti-shells of the existing Arena type, designed to destroy low-flying attacking shells of the ATGM and RPG type;

- multi-purpose low-altitude anti-projectiles that do not have a jet engine;

- multi-purpose high-altitude anti-shells equipped with jet engines.

The inventive system of self-defense acquires a new property - the ability to deal with shells attacking from above, which significantly increases the chances of survival of tanks, infantry fighting vehicles and other military vehicles in modern combat.

It should be noted that the developed concept of the self-defense system is based on the idea of implementing a flying flat propellant charge, first proposed in our patent No. 2032138 of the Russian Federation “Guided projectile” (F 42 B 12/32, published on 04/27/95).

Claims (9)

1. The self-defense system of a vehicle, for example, a tank, containing a radar station for detecting and measuring the trajectory parameters of the attacking projectile, ammunition located on the upper parts of the vehicle and forming a circular defense, each ammunition is placed in the starting device and has a propelling charge and anti-projectile equipped with a prediction unit the entrance of the attacking shell into the zone of destruction of the self-defense system, by the unit for selecting ammunition and issuing a command to shoot and detonate it, while the ammunition it is placed in a launching guide of rectangular cross section, and the anti-projectile has a box-shaped body, preferably of non-metallic material, in which there is a bursting charge in the form of a plate, fragmentation cladding forming a directional field of fragments, the fuse being connected via a communication line to the munition selection unit and issuing a command to it shooting and detonation, characterized in that the anti-missile guidance unit at the point of detonation and its orientation at the moment of detonation is introduced into the system, and pulse motors are introduced into the anti-missile and path correction and targeting, while the pulse path correction engines are located in the region of the center of mass of the anti-projectile. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse correction engines of the path in directions perpendicular to the large sides of the anti-projectile are made in a single unit placed inside the explosive charge and extending to both of these sides, each engine being made in the form of a barrel, containing ballast weight, pyrotechnic charge and igniter. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse targeting engines are located in a block located in the upper part of the anti-projectile. 4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the targeting engine block is configured to turn on the motors in opposite directions, the axes of which are symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the anti-projectile, and turn on the engines on one side of the anti-projectile. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-projectile contains a solid propellant engine. 6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that the jet engine is located in front of the anti-projectile. 7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the axis of the jet engine is parallel to the upper end of the anti-projectile, and the inclined nozzles are located symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the anti-projectile. 8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-projectile is equipped with aerodynamic stabilizers of the opening, tape and parachute type. 9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with three types of anti-shells, namely, the existing Arena type anti-shells designed to destroy low-flying, low-altitude anti-projectiles that do not have a jet engine, and multi-purpose high-altitude anti-shells equipped with jet engines.

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