RU2777149C1 - Complex for active protection of armored vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military equipment, in particular to the protection of armored vehicles against anti-tank ammunition. The complex for active protection of armored vehicles consists of a system for processing and controlling the complex and protective ammunition. The protective ammunition in a container is made in the form of a mesh-type warhead with explosive elements of a cumulative type located in the corners of the mesh, which is a funnel with a large opening angle with the installation of small-sized missiles or projectiles around the perimeter in the corners to form a striking element of the “mesh trap” type. The protective ammunition is mounted on a base rotating in two planes along the perimeter of the protected vehicle or above it, while the protective ammunition is connected to the processing and controlling system of the complex.

EFFECT: creation of a complex of active protection against the destruction of antitank grenades, ATGM or armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile, providing protection of the sample from almost all directions with a significant reduction in the mass of the weapon system.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military technology, in particular to the field of protection of armored objects from anti-tank ammunition.

Known automatic systems for the active protection of armored objects: SPATEM (French company GIAT), the English tank anti-missile system TAMS of the Marconi company, the Israeli "Attack Threat Warning System" of the Merkava MKZ tank, the American "Tank Active Protection System" (SLID complex) .

Domestic complexes "Afganit", "Drozd" and "Arena". In the general case, the active protection complex consists of a detection system, an information processing and control system, and a weapon system. They are used against anti-tank guided missiles and anti-tank grenades. As a rule, these systems contain fragmentation ammunition, which is thrown towards the attacking projectile and hits it with a circular or directed fragmentation field, with the exception of the Afganit KAZ, which hits the target with an “active core”, which allows it to be used against sub-caliber ammunition. The general design and principle of operation of the complexes of active protective tanks assumes the immobility of launch mines with protective ammunition relative to the tank turret, as well as the action of protective ammunition in a strictly defined sector.

In the Israeli “Attack Threat Warning System” of the Merkava tank, the target is detected at a distance of 20-25 m from the tank by electro-optical sensors installed on the upper surface of the vehicle’s body along its perimeter and hit at some distance from the tank by means of countermeasures. The weapon system is a launcher for firing on a signal from a missile (grenade) detection system with a high-explosive or fragmentation warhead. Launchers are located around the perimeter of the tank.

In the general case, the active protection complex consists of a detection system, an information processing and control system, and a weapon system.

As a prototype of the claimed invention, an active protection system according to US patent No. 5661254, declared by the German company "Diehl" on January 21, 1997, was adopted. It is known that an impact on an attacking anti-tank munition can be exerted in the following ways:

- defeat (destruction) of the warhead (applicable for cumulative warheads);

- violation or defeat of the control system, leading to the passage of the projectile past the target (applicable to all types of combat units).

The main disadvantage of this system is the use of fragmentation effects on anti-tank ammunition, which can lead to the defeat of its own manpower and equipment.

Some of the considered KAZ have confirmed their effectiveness in relation to ATGMs and anti-tank grenades (PG). The probability of hitting ATGMs and PGs with known systems is more than 0.7. Due to the difference in the designs of ammunition, the different arrangement of fuses and warheads in the body of the ammunition, the high-explosive fragmentation action of protective ammunition does not always lead to the defeat of the target. In some cases, the action of the protective ammunition leads to the operation of the attacking ammunition on the trajectory with the formation of a cumulative jet. If at the same time the cumulative funnel remains intact, then the impact of the cumulative jet on the protected object may be sufficient to destroy it, especially if the protected object is a machine of a light weight category.

In addition, such KAZ weapons systems are generally not effective against armor-piercing sub-caliber ammunition. This is primarily due to the high speed of such ammunition, their stability in flight, relatively large mass and small cross-sectional area.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed is the weapon system of the domestic active defense complex "Drozd" /1/.

The active protection complex "Drozd" consists of two transceiver modules located on the right and left along the sides of the tower; weapons system, which consists of four twin armored units located under the transceiver modules; electronic computing system (EMS) located at the stern of the tower; connectors; control panel and work counter located in the tank turret. Armored blocks one above the other at an angle of 20 ° to each other. Each armored block serves a sector of 20 °. A 107-mm high-explosive fragmentation projectile is used as a protective charge, which is detonated on command from a remote-time fuse

The main disadvantage of this system is the use of fragmentation effects on anti-tank ammunition, which can lead to the defeat of its own manpower and equipment. Another equally significant drawback is the low efficiency when exposed to an armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile. In addition, one-time use of one protective ammunition in a container.

The present invention is directed to the elimination of these disadvantages. The technical solution lies in the fact that the complex includes a protective ammunition, a system for processing and managing the complex. Protective ammunition 1 (Fig. 1) in the container 2 (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a mesh-type warhead with explosive elements of the cumulative type 3 (Fig. 1) located in the corners of the grid, which is a funnel 3 (Fig. 2) with a large opening angle with installation along the perimeter in the corners of small-sized rockets (projectiles) 4 (Fig. 1) to form a striking element such as a "mesh trap" 5 (Fig. 2). The mesh design allows for the stacking of several protective ammunition in one container, thereby providing a multi-shot design. In this case, small-sized missiles (shells) are located around the container. The ammunition is mounted on a base rotating in two planes along the perimeter of the protected object or above it and is connected to the processing and control system of the complex.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings: FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the launch container with protective ammunition stowed, FIG. 2 is a diagram of the opening of a protective munition and the defeat of an anti-tank munition, FIG. 3 - installation of containers on the main battle tank.

The principle of operation of the proposed weapon system is as follows. After the detection system began to accompany the target and determine its parameters, the signal from the processing and control system is fed to the rotary base actuator, which begins to rotate the base in the direction of the target in two planes. At the calculated moment of time, a control signal is given to the fuses of small-sized missiles (projectiles) of protective ammunition and they are launched; As a result of the launch, the warhead of the mesh-type ammunition opens, forming a funnel with a large opening angle, hitting which a PG, ATGM or armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile will lead to the "collapse" of the funnel and the impact on the anti-tank ammunition of explosive elements of the cumulative type. As a result of undermining the elements of the cumulative type, a cumulative jet is formed, which, depending on the size of the charge of the explosive element of the cumulative type, can have different armor-piercing ability. This leads to the detonation of cumulative ammunition or the destruction or weakening of the design of armor-piercing sub-caliber ammunition. As estimates show, in this case, the residual armor-piercing effect of the attacking ammunition will be completely absent. The speed of the "collapse" of the funnel of the striking protective ammunition will depend on the speed of the anti-tank ammunition being struck. Thus, the meeting point of the protective and anti-tank ammunition will depend mainly on the speed of the anti-tank ammunition. Therefore, the speed of the proposed protective ammunition will be of less importance than for existing active protection systems.

Compared with the prototype, hitting a striking element - a "shock core" - in a PG, ATGM or an armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile will lead to its complete defeat. As estimates show, in this case, the residual armor-piercing effect of the attacking ammunition will be completely absent.

This weapon system allows you to hit a target at various distances from the protected object and allows you to use the complex with such a weapon system even on lightly armored vehicles.

To increase the area of damage, the opening angle of the mesh funnel should be at least 360 degrees.

The proposed weapon system can be built into the object along its perimeter or placed above the object (Fig. 3).

Compared to existing weapon systems, the use of the proposed system will not require an increase in the accuracy of determining the target coordinates. Correction of the direction of flight of striking elements in the form of a mesh funnel at the moment of its detonation is carried out additionally due to the "collapse" of the funnel of the striking protective ammunition. To do this, the protective ammunition (warhead operating on the principle of "collapsing" the funnel) has several points of initiation (not shown in the figures) placed in different places of the ammunition relative to the explosive elements of the cumulative type located in the corners of the grid.

The main advantages of the proposed technical solution over the known ones are: the possibility of hitting PG, ATGM or armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile. In addition, the damaging effect of protective ammunition is based on the non-fragmentation impact on anti-tank ammunition. The proposed solution makes it possible to make the KAZ weapons system multiply charged, providing protection for the sample from almost all directions with a significant reduction in the mass of the weapons system.

Sources of information

1. Encyclopedia of tanks 1915-2000 Comp. Kholyavsky G.L. Minsk, LLC "Harvest", 1998 - 576

2. Armored weapons and equipment // Military parade. 2005. - 62 p.

3. Military technology, vol. XIII, issue 1-4, 1990.

Claims (1)

The complex of active protection of armored vehicles, consisting of a system for processing and controlling the complex and protective ammunition, which is made in the form of a mesh-type warhead with explosive elements of a cumulative type located in the corners of the mesh, which is a funnel with a large opening angle with a perimeter installation in the corners of small-sized missiles or projectiles to form a striking element of the "mesh trap" type, the protective ammunition is installed on a base that rotates in two planes along the perimeter of the protected object or above it, while the protective ammunition is connected to the processing and control system of the complex.

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