RU2527610C2 - Two-stage antitank guided missile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: two-stage antitank guided missile consists of first stage and hitting stage. First stage comprises engine, airfoils, interference source with power supply and uncoupler. First stage can jam the active protection system sensors and makes the stage to carry hitting stage to target area. Hitting stage comprises computer, set of inertial mechanisms, satellite navigation system signals receiver, steering unit, accelerating engine with movable nozzles, movable airfoils, war head, fuse, homing head with two homing channels, that is, active radar channel and semi-active laser channel, antenna section and receivers arranged conformally at hitting stage tail and transceiver. Hitting stage after target capture gets uncoupled from first stage to hit the tank at turret top part.

EFFECT: efficient antitank missile.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ammunition.

The object of the invention is an anti-tank missile (ATGM) two-stage scheme.

The constant increase in the protection of the main battle tanks of the enemy necessitates the search for new approaches to combat them. Due to the weight and size limitations due to human capabilities or the caliber of the gun during a barrel launch, it is becoming increasingly difficult to make a sufficiently powerful warhead of an anti-tank guided missile, effectively hitting the most modern tanks, such as M1A2SEP, Leclerc 2, Leopard 2A7, etc.

It is known about the modification of the missile anti-tank missile system (ATGM) BGM-71 "TOW-2B" [1]. It is equipped with optical and magnetometric sensors, as well as warheads with two charges, operating on the principle of "impact core". Charges are blown up by fuses at the same time and hit the target from above, into the least protected part of the body. The warhead is undermined when a missile spans over a target. The design of warheads contains two warheads with striking elements of high kinetic energy EFP (Explosively Formed Projectile) generated by the explosive energy of the explosive. Also known is the structural-circuit solution used in ATGM Bill and Bill-2 [1], in accordance with which the direction of action of the cumulative warhead warhead is deviated from the longitudinal axis of the rocket by 30 degrees when flying over the tank. The advantages of these solutions are:

- the possibility of defeating the tank in a poorly protected projection;

- action on armor at angles close to normal;

- the possibility of hitting a target located in shelters when only a small part of the tank’s tower is in the gunner’s field of view, and launching missiles from behind the shelters with the same visibility of the target.

A difficult technical problem in the implementation of this principle of warhead operation is to ensure its operation over the most vulnerable part of the tank, because the armor penetration of the projectile-forming charge is relatively small, and for the effective action of the cumulative warhead it is impossible to accurately calculate and implement high-speed compensation of the cumulative jet when flying over the tank.

The rocket complex FGM-148 "Javelin" [1] is equipped with an infrared homing head (IR seeker), which allows to implement the principle of "shot-forgot." It is capable of attacking targets both direct fire and from above from a dive at an angle of 45 °, which allows you to hit modern tanks. However, in the course of numerous studies it was shown that for reliable destruction of the tank from the first launch it is necessary to ensure approach angles close to normal. The appearance of active dynamic defense systems, such as the Trophy complex (Israel) [2], which today is able to protect the tank in the range of elevation angles of -16 .. + 55 ° and 360 ° in azimuth, also reduces to a minimum the probability of hitting an ATGM target " Javelin. "

Close in form to the proposed ATGM and application method, the technical solution is the Pershing-2 and Volga missiles [3], which are two-stage rockets with a propulsion system on solid fuel, guided in the active part of the trajectory, the ascending and descending branches of the passive trajectory sections having a detachable controllable module of the second stage. Missiles have aerodynamic and gas-dynamic controls.

The task of the invention is to increase the likelihood of destruction of modern and promising tanks in the face of resistance.

In the proposed device, reliable tank destruction is planned to be achieved through the use of a structural-circuit solution, which is a two-stage ATGM, the first stage of which is designed to lead to the target area, and the second is the strike stage, hitting the target from a dive at an angle close to the normal to the upper plane projection of the tank.

It should be noted that this scheme gives a tangible gain in efficiency at large flight ranges.

The specified technical result is achieved by delivering the shock stage to the target area, detecting and capturing the target of the GOS located at the rear of the shock stage, then turning the first stage with the jamming transmitter turned on, the active protection systems of the tank in the direction of the target, followed by undocking the shock stage, which then picks up height, turns on the engine with controlled nozzles, located against the movement, is braked in this way, after which it picks up speed in the direction of the target and strikes it from above .

The authors of the invention carried out the necessary theoretical calculations aimed at determining the necessary dynamic characteristics of the ATGMs, the characteristics of the ATGM combat equipment and the main characteristics of the GOS.

A new set of structural elements allows, in particular, due to the implementation of:

- the first stage - to ensure the delivery of the shock stage to the target area, separation of the shock stage, interfere with the active defense complexes, provide a damaging effect on the target after separation of the shock stage by undermining the remaining fuel of the first stage engine and its elements,

- homing head located in the rear of the shock stage - to ensure detection, capture and guidance on the target;

- shock stage - control ATGM at the exit section to the target area, direct the first stage at the final section of the trajectory to get along the ballistic trajectory, then undock to go into cabling to reduce speed under the influence of gravitational forces, turn on the accelerated (braking) engine with a controlled vector thrust, accelerating in the opposite direction, hit the target from above at an angle close to normal.

Thus, this technical solution allows you to hit modern and promising enemy tanks with small power or multi-purpose combat units due to defeat in a poorly protected projection, while the first stage provides for jamming the active protection systems of tanks and additional defeat by the first-stage engine elements. A two-stage scheme can be a cost-effective solution for creating long-range ATGMs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows one of the possible technical solutions.

The two-stage ATGM consists of the first stage 1 and shock stage 2.

The first stage consists of the engine of the first stage 3 (solid propellant rocket engine, ramjet engine, turbojet engine, turboprop engine, etc.), aerodynamic surfaces (wings) 4, interference transmitter 5 with a power source 6, contact explosive device 7, device undocking 8.

The undocking device 8 contains a powder charge located near the axis of the ATGM, which during separation pushes the shock stage forward, and a brake ring, which is opened while unlocking the locks of the case, starting the power supply 6 of the interference transmitter 5 and cocking the contact fuse 7.

The shock stage contains a homing head 9 located in the rear part, a computing unit 10, a block of inertial mechanisms 11, a signal receiver of satellite navigation systems 12, a block of steering drives 13, an accelerating engine of the shock stage 14 with deflectable nozzles 15, deflected aerodynamic surfaces 16, the warhead 17, the fuse 18 and the transceiver 19.

The homing head 9 has two guidance channels - active radar and semi-active laser. The antenna part of the active radar channel is made in the form of a conformal arrangement of the array of emitters (transceiver antennas) along the skin and in the end part of the homing head unit housing. The receiving part of the semi-active laser guidance channel is made in the form of laser radiation sensors located around the circumference of the homing head unit housing next to the elements of the antenna array of the radar channel. The arrangement of emitters and receiving devices of the guidance channels is presented in figure 2.

Computing unit 10 serves to set the flight program, calculate the current coordinate values and provide the necessary angle of inclination of the trajectory of the first ATGM stage for hitting it at the target (including another) after separating the shock stage, storing recognition algorithms, target images, and performing necessary transformations with them, the calculation of the necessary control actions of the block of steering drives 13 deflected aerodynamic surfaces 16 and nozzles 15 to ensure the required position of the ATGM in space and stabilization ii program motions.

The block of inertial mechanisms 11 represents a set of sensors of linear accelerations and angular velocities determined on all three axes of the starting coordinate system.

The signal receiver of satellite navigation systems 12 serves to correct the current coordinate values determined by the computing unit 10.

Warhead 17 can be either cumulative or have a different type of equipment, for example, cumulative-fragmentation or high-explosive fragmentation, since to defeat the main target - the tank, the lower power of the warhead is required from above. It can also be smaller, allowing you to increase the range with the same characteristics of the first stage.

The fuse 18 is designed for timely initiation

the warhead, as well as in some types of warheads, can additionally perform the functions of software control the characteristics of the blasting.

The transceiver 19 is designed to provide feedback to ATGM operators, reconnaissance units and means, as well as other ATGMs participating in the raid, in order to make it possible to select the most important target for destruction, retarget missiles in flight, optimally distribute targets for destruction between missiles participating in the raid, to organize collective detection and recognition of targets in the raid, to avoid the defeat of civilian or unwanted targets.

The functioning of the ATGM is shown in figure 3 (1 and 2 - the possible trajectory in case of damage) and contains the following steps. After the output to the target area using blocks 10, 11, 12, 13, 16 and 19 of the shock stage and the engine 3 of the first stage, the ATGM searches for the target using the homing head 9. At the same time, the radiating elements of the antenna array form a radiation pattern in the direction of the earth according to the data from a block of inertial mechanisms. Having found the targets, the ATGM is aimed at one of them, after which the undocking device 8 is triggered and the shock stage begins to convert to climb. At the same time, the jamming transmitter 5 is launched in the first stage and the contact fuse 7 is cocked. Next, the first stage flies along the ballistic trajectory with the end point in the center of the target with deceleration, so as to continuously interfere with the (active) means of active protection of the tank, while covering the lower stage and being a false target, and getting into the tank at almost the same moment as the strike stage. At the shock stage, the homing head 9 continuously monitors the target in the cabling, the explosive device 18 is blown up, the accelerating engine 14 is started, the shock stage is braked, stabilized by deflectable nozzles 15 and aerodynamic surfaces 16, accelerates and hits the tank in a poorly protected projection from above by the warhead 17.

This technical solution allows you to hit modern and promising enemy tanks with small power or multi-purpose combat units due to defeat in a poorly protected projection, which is important when creating portable systems, while the first stage provides for jamming the active protection systems of tanks. Also, a two-stage scheme can be an advantageous solution when creating long-range ATGMs.

LITERATURE

1. High-precision weapons of foreign countries. Volume 1. Anti-tank missile systems. GUL "KBP", Tula, 2007

2.http: //btvt.narod.ru/4/trophy/trophy.htm.

3. B.G. Gursky, M.A. Lyushchanov, E.P. Spirin. Fundamentals of the theory of control systems for high-precision missile systems of the ground forces. Ed. V.L.Solunina. - M.: Publishing House of MSTU. N.E.Bauman, 2001

Claims (1)

A two-stage anti-tank guided missile, consisting of a first stage and an attack stage, characterized in that the first stage contains an engine, aerodynamic surfaces, an interference transmitter with a power source, an undocking device, has the ability to interfere with sensors of active protection systems, and is a stage of output to the target area of an attack a stage containing a computing unit, a block of inertial mechanisms, a signal receiver of satellite navigation systems, a block of steering drives, an accelerating engine with off removable nozzles, deflectable aerodynamic surfaces, warhead, fuse, homing head with two guidance channels - an active radar and semi-active laser, the antenna part and receivers of which are conformally located in the rear part of the shock stage, the transceiver, which are a set of elements, providing the possibility of a strike stage after detecting a target, having undocked with the first stage, hit the tank in an insecure projection from above.

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