RU2251299C1 - Fodder additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, fodders production.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested fodder additive is being a fraction of either cereals or leguminous cultivars at particles size being below 200 mcm obtained due to reducing upon a rotor-type disintegrator. Moreover, the additive should be introduced into daily diet per 1 animal or poultry, that is: in calves - since the 3d to 15^th d of life 0.1-0.15 kg thrice with milk; since the 15^th d to 4 mo of life - 0.3 kg/daily; and since the 4^th to the 6^th mo of life - o.5 kg thrice daily in liquid form or together with fodder applied; in cows - since the first d of calving in liquid form - 1.0 kg once or twice daily simultaneously with fodder; in chicken - up to 37 d per 0.01 kg daily. The present innovation enables to obtain highly efficient fodder additive, increase body weight gain in cattle and poultry due to favorably affecting their immunity.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of application.

1 cl, 5 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to feed additives for animal and bird feeds.

It is known to use hormonal preparations, vitamins, enzymes, antibiotics, etc. as feed additives. (Veterinary preparations., M., Agropromizdat, 1988; pat. RF No. 2176889, 2001, class A 23 K 1/16; pat. RF No. 2136175, 1999, class A 23 L 1/105; pat. RF No. 2140165, 1999, A 23 K 1/00).

The disadvantages of most additives are reduced meat quality, the possibility of side effects, environmental and sanitary restrictions.

The closest in technical essence is a feed additive, which is a mixture of food industry waste, waste grain, peat and sawdust, subjected to heat treatment and grinding to a particle size of 0.5-3 mm (US Pat. RF №2124846, 1999, class A 23 K 1 /16). The additive allows you to reduce costs per unit of increase in live weight, allows you to expand the raw material base and assortment to obtain feed with high nutritional value and improved taste. However, the effectiveness of this additive is very small.

The challenge facing the authors was the creation of a highly effective feed additive that increases the gain in live weight of animals and birds, has a beneficial effect on immunity while solving environmental problems.

In this regard, it was proposed to solve the problem to introduce into the feed a fraction of grain or leguminous crops with a particle size of less than 200 microns. As grain and leguminous crops used corn, wheat, barley, peas, soy, as well as bran and animal feed. As studies have shown, in order to achieve a positive effect, it is enough to introduce from 0.01 to 1 kg of the declared feed additive per animal or bird’s head daily, in particular to calves - from 3 to 15 days of life - 0.1-0.15 kg, three times a day with drinkable milk from 15 days to 4 months of life - 0.3 kg per day, and from 4 to 6 months of life - 0.5 kg three times a day in liquid form or together with compound feed; to cows - from the first day of calving in liquid form - 1.0 kg per head daily, 1-2 times a day with feed; chickens - up to 37 days at 0.01 kg per day per head, etc.

Modifications of the administration regime are possible based on the nature of the feed and the characteristics of the experimental group of animals or birds.

The industrial applicability of the claimed invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. In the course of research at the St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, a comparison was made of the feed value of the original feed oats and its fraction of 40-82 microns, crushed on a rotary disintegrator in oncoming flows. The results obtained are shown in table 1. The feed value was determined in accordance with the Guide “Chemical composition and nutritional value of feed of the North-West Natural and Economic Region” (M., Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, 30.03.72, 80 pp.)

Table 1
Changes in fodder oats in the case of grinding on the disintegrator Indicator Nerazmol. oats Fraction 40-82 microns % Digestible protein, g / kg 78.9 96.9 122.8 Digestible calcium, g / kg 4.1 4.5 109.8 Assimilable phosphorus, g / kg 3.1 3.9 125.8 Feed units, kg / kg 0.92 1.42 154.3 SPPV, g 683 905 132.5 Organic matter g / kg 922 1325 143.7

Example 2. The influence of the degree of grinding and the composition of the feed additive on its properties with respect to the unmilled product was analyzed. The results are shown in table 2.

Example 4. Tests of grain grinding were carried out on calves born in maternity wards and kept there from 1 to 15 days. At the same time, 334 calves received an additive of a fraction of soybeans 70-100 μm in a daily dose of 100-150 g per head (depending on physical condition) from 3 to 15 days of life. The supplement was fed with milk to be drunk three times a day. The waste amounted to 9 animals (2.6%), while in the control group of 414 animals it amounted to 29 animals or 7.0% of the calves born. The average daily gain in heifers was 948 g (control - 901 g); in gobies - 975 g (control - 909 g).

Example 5. Tests of grain grinding were carried out on 459 calves kept in calves from 15 to 180 days. In this case, the calves received an additive of a feed fraction of 60-200 μm depending on the age of up to 4 months in a daily dose of 300 g per head, and from 4 to 6 months of age in a daily dose of 500 g three times a day in liquid form or together with feed. The average daily gain was 889 g. In the control group of 461 calves, it amounted to 630 g.

Gross weight gain was 138% compared with the control group. Calves left in the experimental group - 23 heads (5.0%), in the control group - 78 goals (16.9%).

Calves receiving a new feed supplement, more easily tolerated the disease, increased the immune status of the animal. With anti-infectious vaccinations of rhinotracheitis, the level of immune bodies is quite high, which indicates good tension of the immune system and greater resistance of the body to the action of pathogenic agents.

Example 6. A group of 100 meat chickens up to 37 days received a corn fraction with a particle size of 65-120 microns based on a daily dose of 0.01 per head. The waste amounted to 3 heads - 3% (in the control group - 15%). The mass of chickens during slaughter increased from 1966 to 1978, the yield of meat is 1 cat. - 90.2% (in the control - 89.6%).

The results showed that the use of the inventive feed additives can significantly reduce waste during rearing of young animals and increase the average daily gain.

Claims (2)

1. A feed additive based on crushed plant material, characterized in that it is a fraction of grain or leguminous crops with a particle size of less than 200 microns, while it is introduced into the daily diet on the head of an animal or bird, namely: calves from 3 to 15 day of life - 0.1-0.15 kg, three times with soldered milk; from 15 days to 4 months of life - 0.3 kg per day, and from 4 to 6 months of life - 0.5 kg three times a day in liquid form or together with animal feed; cows from the first day of calving in liquid form - 1.0 kg 1-2 times a day, along with compound feed; chickens up to 37 days at 0.01 kg per day. 2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a fraction of grain or leguminous crops obtained by grinding these crops on a rotary disintegrator.