RU2237139C1 - Retained form - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil and industry building, particularly retained form for carrying out concreting works during buildings and structures erection.

SUBSTANCE: retained form includes parallel panels with fastening members, vertical posts and connection means for panels connection arranged on outer sides of vertical posts along form height. Panels are cellular and have stiffening ribs. Panels may be mutually displaced due to forming fastening members as hinges.

EFFECT: increased compactness during form transportation, easiness of form putting into working position in building site.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of industrial and civil engineering, and in particular to the design of fixed formwork used in the production of concrete work in the process of construction of buildings and structures of civil, industrial and agricultural purposes in the construction of monolithic walls. The proposed formwork design can be used for the construction of adjacent walls, partitions between apartments, load-bearing walls, the manufacture of foundations, walls for pools, reinforcing facade walls during restoration work, and for manufacturing walls under water from reinforced concrete.

The closest analogue of the proposed design is a fixed formwork for the erection of a monolithic structure, including parallel formwork panels reinforced with frames of horizontal and vertical rods, and fixing elements, while the formwork panels are made of mineral wool with a density of at least 100 kg / m ³ , reinforcing frames are made with mounting loops protruding above the surface of the inner sides of the formwork panels, and the fixing elements are made in the form of a mounting grid of connected between the battle of longitudinal and transverse rods, with the ends of the transverse rods bent in opposite directions and engaged with mounting loops of reinforcing frames. Formwork panels in this design can be connected by at least two mounting stacks (certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 24487, 2002)

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are:

- the inability to use this formwork for the construction of monolithic walls, pools, etc .;

- bulkiness of the structure during transportation to the construction site;

- insufficient mechanical strength for walls of increased strength and earthquake-resistant.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the analogue, as well as creating a compact design for transportation and easily put into position at the construction site.

The tasks are solved due to the fact that the fixed formwork, including parallel panels and fasteners, is equipped with vertical racks with panel fasteners located on the outside of the vertical racks along its height, while the panel fasteners are made in the form of loops, and the panels are mesh with vertical or horizontal stiffeners.

Moreover, the fastening elements of the mesh panels and hinges to the vertical posts can be made, for example, in the form of hooks located along the height of the vertical posts with a certain step.

In addition, fixed formwork can be equipped with heat-insulating plates attached to mesh panels.

Also, fixed formwork may contain additional vertical posts with horizontal ties formed by a wire or bar.

The proposed design of the steel fixed formwork system consists of separate unified blocks. Each block contains an even set of steel vertical posts up to 6 m high, made, for example, of galvanized steel profile in the form of an open box with a flat outer wall.

The outer wall of the rack has fasteners - hooks located along the height of the rack with a certain step.

Grooves are made along the central axis of symmetry of the outer wall of the upright and along its side walls, reinforcing the stiffness of the profile. The height of the side walls of the open box is 0.3-0.5 of the width of the outer wall of the rack.

The block kit includes a pair of mesh panels symmetrically opposite each other, the number of which depends on the height of the vertical posts, the height of the panels. Mesh panels are fixed on the hooks of the flat outer walls of the uprights, on which rigid connections - loops are pre-mounted. The rigid bonds (bar, rod) that form the rotary loops have a zigzag shape, while in the area of the apex of the zigzag angles, the inclined sections of the loop have two additional bends forming straight sections parallel to each other along the entire length of the loop. Hinges are made of galvanized steel fittings. The straight sections of the loops are drawn in by the hook mustache wrapped around the shaft so that the straight sections together with the hook serve as loops on which mesh panels parallel to each other are also fixed. The design of the hinges allows you to shift the mesh panels parallel to each other relative to each other, reducing the intermediate space between them, and move the panels apart when they are installed in the working position (for pouring concrete to the thickness of the future concrete wall).

The formwork block kit may include additional racks installed on a construction site on a concrete foundation in accordance with the project and interconnected by metal fittings, wire, etc. Additional racks are being erected for the construction of walls of increased strength and earthquake resistance.

The block set may also include heat-insulating plates fixed on mesh panels from the outside and (or) the inside.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a General view of the block (mesh panels are deployed in the working position to the width of the loops, that is, to the width of the future concrete wall);

figure 2 is a vertical rack (axonometry);

figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2;

figure 4 - mesh panel;

figure 5 is a fragment of a mesh panel;

figure 6 - loop;

Fig.7 is a fragment of a rolled mesh panels during transportation;

on Fig - layout of vertical racks on the assembly stand;

Fig.9 is a view of B in Fig.8.

The bearing element of the steel fixed formwork block is steel vertical posts 1 made of galvanized steel profile of open box type 0.55 mm thick, L up to 6 m long, placed in the formwork with a design pitch of 1 to 230 mm.

Fastening elements are made on the outer wall of the rack 1 with a certain pitch, for example, hooks 2 with deformable antennae 13 located vertically of the rack with a certain pitch “a”, mainly up to 400 mm.

Along the central axis of symmetry of the outer wall of the rack and on its lateral surfaces 3, longitudinal grooves 5 with a radius r = 2 mm can be made. The height of the side walls of the box from 0.3 to 0.5 of the width of the outer wall. The side walls of the rack have bends 4, made parallel to the flat outer wall of the open box at 0.2 of the width of the flat wall of the rack.

On the fasteners - hooks 2 of the vertical posts 1, in addition to the hinges, mesh panels 6 are also hung, made of a mesh profile consisting of a mesh with stiffeners in the form of strips of solid metal 7, made in steps of, for example, 100 mm. The mesh profile is made by cold rolling of galvanized sheet steel with a thickness of mainly up to 0.4 mm.

The dimensions of the mesh panels depend on the specific design of the wall being built. The height In the mesh panel is usually up to 600 mm. The number n of mesh panels in the block depends on the height L of the vertical posts 1: n = L / B (usually L≤6000 mm). The length of the mesh panel A is set by the construction project.

Heat insulating plates 11 are attached to the inner and / or outer sides of the mesh panels.

The mesh panel 6 and the vertical posts 1 are fastened together by rigid ties in the form of loops 8 made of galvanized steel fittings (bar, rod), curved in the form of a zigzag. Between the inclined sections of 9 loops (forming the “zigzag” configuration) there are straight sections parallel to each other, which, when the loops are in the working position (in the hooks), are parallel to the flat outer wall of the vertical rack. The distance between the straight sections of the loops (the length and angle of the inclined sections) determines the distance between the mesh panels C, equal to the thickness of the future concrete wall. Inclined sections 9 are articulated at an angle α with straight parallel sections 10, the length of which depends on the width of the flat outer wall of the upright 1.

Additional steel vertical posts 12, which are included in the formwork block during the construction of stronger concrete walls, including earthquake-resistant ones, can be introduced into the block structure. In these cases, additional vertical racks are installed in the concrete foundation according to the construction project and are connected to each other by wire or other reinforcement 14. Then the remaining structure of the fixed formwork is mounted and the entire space between the mesh panels 6 is poured with concrete.

The proposed design of fixed formwork allows it to be manufactured industrially outside the construction site.

In the industrial workshop, formwork parts are manufactured: stands 1, mesh panels 6, loops 8, and deliver them to the assembly site. On the assembly site on special stands assemble blocks of fixed formwork (Fig.8 and 9) as follows.

Racks 1 are laid horizontally on the stand from two sides with a pitch of 1≤230 mm, which corresponds to the distance between the vertical racks at the construction site.

Then, in accordance with the diagram of Fig. 9, loops 8 connect racks 1 ", 2", 3 ", 4", 5 ", 6", then racks 1 ’, 2’, 3 ’, 4’, 5 ’, 6’. When this loop 8 is hung on the rack 1 so that straight parallel to each other sections 10 of the loops 8 (Fig.6) are placed between the antennae 13 of the hooks 2 (Fig.2). Then, the resulting structure is “covered” on the outside with mesh panels, hanging them on hooks 2, after which the antennae of the loop are squeezed around straight sections 10 of the loop parallel to each other, while simultaneously fixing the mesh panels and leaving the possibility of turning the loop. As a result, a single structure is formed - vertical posts 1, hinges 8, mesh panels 6. Then heat-insulating plates 11 are attached to the mesh panels 6.

The finished construction of the formwork is removed from the stand and folded by turning the straight sections of 10 loops relative to their longitudinal axis, while the inclined sections of the loops determining the distance between the mesh panels rotate relative to the longitudinal axes of the straight sections of the loops and tend to occupy a vertical position. Mesh panels come together and move up and down relative to each other, while the dimensions of the formwork (thickness) are reduced, and the vertical post located on one side of the formwork rests on the vertical post of the opposite side (Fig. 7).

At the construction site, the mesh panels are pushed apart by a width determined by the length of the inclined section of the loop. The hinges in this position play the role of rigid connections between the mesh panels over the entire height of the racks with a certain step between them.

Claims (4)

1. Fixed formwork, including parallel panels and fasteners, characterized in that the formwork is equipped with vertical struts with panel mounting elements located on the outer side of the vertical struts along its height, the panels are mesh with stiffeners, and also made to move each other relative to each other due to the fact that the fastening elements of the panels are made in the form of loops. 2. The fixed formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening elements of the mesh panels and loops to the vertical posts are made in the form of hooks located along the height of the vertical posts with a certain step. 3. The fixed formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with heat-insulating plates attached to the mesh panels. 4. Fixed formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains additional vertical posts with horizontal ties formed by a wire or bar.

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