RU2274718C2 - Method for building reconstruction and reinforcement along building perimeter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly to reinforce and reconstruct existent buildings in built-up areas.

SUBSTANCE: method involves building metal or reinforced concrete three-dimensional frame with fixed joints around building for the full building height so that the frame is spaced from building walls, wherein the frame is built on independent foundation; arranging horizontal peripheral stiffening rings at building floor structures and connecting thereof to building walls by bolt connections made of metal profile and inserted in through orifices, wherein the stiffening rings serve as supports for additional floor structures arranged in gap between the frame and the building; compressing existent walls under the action of additional floor structure weight. The additional floor structures should be arranged at height 10-15 cm above existent building floor structures with taking into consideration settlement of the frame.

EFFECT: increased load-bearing capacity and aseismic stability, improved heat and sound insulation of the building.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to the strengthening and reconstruction of existing buildings in urban areas.

A device for reinforcing a large-panel building is known, which includes a steel reinforcement frame in the form of racks installed on the foundation along the vertical joints of the outer panels and connected by horizontal stiffeners located along the horizontal joints of the panels and pulled in the transverse direction of the building by integral steel bands. The rods are passed through the inner longitudinal wall along the lower surface of the floor slabs and are fixed with their ends on horizontal stiffeners. In the direction of the cords between the horizontal stiffening belts are compression limiters, which are a package of reinforcing bars placed in a steel cage. Compression stoppers are rigidly fixed on the lower surface of the floor slab and are fixed on the horizontal stiffening belt and the longitudinal inner wall. The longitudinal inner wall is reinforced on both sides by prestressed struts, interconnected at the level of the ceilings and pulled together with the reinforcement frame of the end panels. The frame, ties, stops and braces are covered with a layer of concrete and / or plaster and form a single structure with external panels, an internal longitudinal wall and floor slabs (see Russian patent No. 2081274, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1997.06.10).

The disadvantages of this known method include high material consumption and additional load on the foundations from the mass of reinforcing elements introduced into the structure.

Also known is a method of reinforcing stone walls with impaired spatial rigidity by means of tension belts. The essence of this method lies in the fact that in the level of overlap set in the longitudinal or transverse directions strands of round steel with a diameter of 28-35 mm On the corners of the building, they can be crimped after tensioning the belts vertically by trimming the corners (Newspaper Stroyka No. 14, Strengthening Stone Structures, Ph.D. I. Chicherin, 2000).

The disadvantage of this method due to the difference in temperature deformations of steel and masonry is the change in the tension of the belt during the year over a wide range. Namely, in winter it increases and can lead to a rupture of the belt, and in summer it decreases. As a result, cracks in the walls have the ability to periodically open, and this is unacceptable.

A known method of building reconstruction, which includes the device on each side of the building pylons with support on the foundation of an existing building, and between them risalits based on local strengthening of the foundation. Pylons and risalits at the level of the floors of an existing building are monolithically connected with plates and rigidly connected to the building. The superstructure of the floors is carried out with the building expanded by the size of the protrusion of the risalit with the transfer of the load to the pylons and risalits (see Russian patent No. 2149964, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 2000.05.27).

The disadvantages of this method are the significant complexity and complexity of the work of the zero cycle and a large additional load from the structure of the building and superstructure on the underlying structures and foundations of the foundations of the existing building, which can lead to uneven settlement of supports and structural destruction.

There is a known method of building reconstruction when bored piles with a tape grill are arranged around the perimeter outside the zone of compressible base soil under the foundation of the building, on which load-bearing vertical monolithic supports are erected with the simultaneous erection of a warm expanded clay-reinforced concrete wall and additional ceilings in the levels of an existing building after erection of structures building up to the coverage level of an existing building, the coverage of an existing building with a device instead of a solid olitnoy safety concrete slab resting on the walls of the existing building. Then, trusses with parallel belts are mounted on the heads of the supporting vertical supports, on which a superstructure of the overlying floors is erected. Then, partial redevelopment of the premises of the existing building is carried out by dismantling the window sill elements of the external walls of the existing building and part of the existing partitions and installing new partitions (see Russian patent No. 2036291, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1995.05.27).

This method is quite industrial and high-performance, but it does not take into account the sediment of the newly constructed structure, which on less strong soils will lead to significant movements along the height of the building, and the superstructure of each floor will add a large load and, accordingly, increase the draft.

Closest to the invention from the point of view of part of the work performed is a method of reconstruction of buildings and structures, which involves the dismantling of the roof, internal partitions and engineering systems at the same time as the construction of an additional supporting structure on the outer perimeter on prefabricated foundations, which is used as a supporting-rod spatial frame from separate modules. The frame is mounted with a gap relative to the existing walls and, as it is erected, overlaps are made in the gaps, combining them with existing ceilings by means of expansion joints. Overlapping of the built-in part of the building is performed in the form of a solid hard drive after the erection of an external fence on the surface of the frame (see Russian patent No. 2092668, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1997.10.10).

The disadvantages of the above method are the large number of dismantling works and the inability to use the existing premises for their intended purpose during the construction period (for residential buildings this requires relocation of residents, and for public and industrial interrupts the work process), which in turn requires large material costs.

The objective of the present invention due to the fact that during long-term operation under the influence of the environment due to various reasons, physical deterioration of building structures occurs, reduction and loss of their bearing capacity, deformation of both individual elements and the building as a whole, is to create a method not only for reconstruction , as well as the strengthening of existing buildings. For this purpose, it is necessary to solve the following important problems: increase the load-bearing and enclosing capacity of buildings, increase the usable area of the building while maintaining the possibility of the full functioning of existing premises during the construction period, regardless of weather conditions, improve thermal and sound insulation, increase seismic stability and extend the life of the building, transform the architectural appearance and increase the comfort of living.

The task according to the method of the invention (reconstruction method with reinforcing the building around the perimeter) is solved by the device around the entire perimeter of the house outside the outer walls of the metal or reinforced concrete spatial frame with an external fence that protects the building being reconstructed and accepts external temperature and wind effects, rigidly connected in nodes full height around the building, forming a single integral structure with a gap relative to the walls, standing on its own pre-made foundation.

To reinforce the walls of the existing house, horizontal stiffening belts are arranged in the levels of floors along the entire perimeter, fixed to the walls of the building through the through holes with bolted metal profile joints. Stiffening belts also serve as supports for additional floors, which fit into the gap between the frame and the existing building. Under the influence of the load from additional overlappings on the stiffening belts, the compression of existing walls occurs. The ceilings of the frame under construction should be located 10-15 cm above the ceilings of the existing building, taking into account the precipitation of the structure being constructed. External fencing is carried out in accordance with the heat engineering calculation, depending on the location according to construction standards.

The technical result provided by the reconstruction method with reinforcing the building along the entire perimeter is to increase the bearing and enclosing capacity of existing buildings, to increase the total area of the building, to increase seismic stability, thermal and sound insulation, to extend the life of the building, to improve the architectural appearance and comfort residence.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 schematically shows a frame around the entire perimeter of the house with a gap relative to the walls, a perspective view.

Figure 2 schematically shows the node connecting the frame with the existing building by means of additional ceilings, section.

Figure 3 is the same larger and with an external fence.

The method is as follows.

A metal or reinforced concrete spatial frame 2, rigidly connected in nodes at the entire height around building 1 with a gap relative to walls 4, standing on its own previously completed foundation 3, is built around the perimeter of the existing house 1, and horizontal stiffening belts 5 are installed at the levels of floors along the entire perimeter, mounted on the walls 4 of the building 1 through the through holes 6 bolted joints 7 on the metal plates 8. Stiffening belts 5 also serve as supports for additional 9 overlap of which fit into the gap. Under the influence of the load from additional ceilings 9 on the stiffening belts, the compression of existing walls 4 occurs. The ceilings of the frame 2 under construction should be located 10-15 cm higher than the ceilings 10 of the existing building 1, taking into account the settlement of the structure under construction. After that, an external fence 11 is carried out in accordance with the heat engineering calculation, depending on the location according to construction standards.

Used sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 2081274, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1997.06.10.

2. Newspaper "Construction" No. 14 "Strengthening stone structures" Ph.D. I. Chicherin, 2000.

3. Patent of Russia No. 2149964, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 2000.05.27.

4. Patent of Russia No. 2036291, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1995.05.27.

5. Patent of Russia No. 2092668, IPC E 04 G 23/00, 1997.10.10.

Claims (1)

A reconstruction method with reinforcing the building along the entire perimeter, including the construction of a metal or reinforced concrete spatial frame outside the outer walls with a full height external fence around the building with a gap relative to the walls standing on its own pre-made foundation, characterized in that the frame is rigidly conjugated in nodes along the entire perimeter, forming a single integral structure for the perception of external temperature and wind effects and increase the volume of the building, reinforce the essential the walls of the building with horizontal stiffening belts of metal profile at the levels of ceilings around the perimeter, fixed to the walls of the building through through holes with bolted joints, which also serve as supports for additional ceilings that fit into the gap, and the ceilings of the frame under construction are 10-15 cm higher than the ceilings of the existing buildings taking into account the draft of the structure being built.

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