RU2227026C1 - Method for prophylaxis and treatment of hepatodystrophy in piglets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: method involves application of carnitine for prophylaxis in the daily dose 15-50 mg per 1 kg of dry fodder for treatment in the daily dose 25-75 mg per 1 kg of dry fodder. Method enhances effectiveness of prophylaxis and treatment no causing adverse effects and stimulates productivity indices also. EFFECT: improved prophylaxis and treatment method. 4 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine and can be used for the prevention and treatment of hepatodystrophy in piglets.

Among the registered pathologies of pigs, hepatodystrophy syndrome in specialized pig farms is diagnosed by general clinical research methods in 21.6-76.0% of piglets of weaned age. Hepatodystrophy as a nosological unit is a violation. metabolism, mainly fat, with liver damage by the type of dystrophy and entailing a disorder of all its functions. To prevent and treat this pathology, hepatoprotectors are used.

Known methods for the treatment and prevention of hepatodystrophy of piglets with the use of vitamin-containing preparations - metavita, vitamins A, U, E, calcium pangamate, etc. (1, 2).

The closest analogue is a method of treatment and prevention using lipamide, which is a lipoic acid amide.

However, the known methods under conditions of high environmental and technogenic load on the body of piglets are not able to provide sufficiently effective protection or reduce the negative role of stress factors due to selective specialization of activity.

The purpose of the invention is improving efficiency.

The presented goal is achieved by the use of carnitine. Carnitine (vitamin W, betaine-3-hydroxy-4-trimethylaminobutyric acid) is a broad-spectrum biologically active substance that limits fat metabolism in cells, provides the body with energy in stressful situations, has pronounced anabolic activity, and increases tissue tolerance to hypoxia due to correction of metabolic processes and improving the hemodynamic picture in the body.

The method is as follows.

Piglets use a stable form of carnitine - L-carnitine tartrate - a less hygroscopic compound (formula C ₁₈ H ₃₂ N ₂ O ₁₂ ) with a carnitine content of 68.2%. Carnitine is used by piglets for 28 days at a prophylactic dose of 15-50 mg / kg dry matter feed once a day and at a dosage of 25-75 mg / kg dry feed for the treatment of hepatodystrophy. The most effective for the prevention of hepatodystrophy of piglets is their use of carnitine at a dose of 25 mg / kg of dry food, and for treatment at a dose of 50 mg / kg of dry food. Food mixed with carnitine is given once a day at the rate of 1 kg of dry food per head.

An analysis of the data in the scientific, technical and patent literature did not reveal a method for the treatment and prevention of hepatodystrophy using carnitine, which meets the criterion of “novelty”.

The mechanism of action of carnitine in hepatodystrophy is based on the biological role of L-carnitine, which provides activation and transmembrane transport of high molecular fatty acid acyls to mitochondria of hepatocytes for β-oxidation. As a result, the body of piglets receives an additional influx of energy, which allows to rationalize the metabolic processes in sick piglets and increase the natural resistance in susceptible livestock. These data indicate the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the criterion of "inventive step".

The effectiveness of the therapeutic and prophylactic action of carnitine in case of hepatodystrophy of piglets was determined in the conditions of the 108 thousandth pig complex “Slobogansky Agricultural Complex” in the Kharkov region of Ukraine. The study involved 55-day-old pigs of the weaning and growing period of large white breed, with a live weight of 9.2-10.8 kg, contained in typical rooms, divided into boxes of 600 animals each, containing 25 sectors of 25 piglets each. Animals received the same rations, balanced in nutrients in accordance with standard norms. At the end of the experiment carried out a control weighing of all piglets.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

Example 1. To determine the effectiveness of the claimed and known methods for the prevention of hepatodystrophy of piglets and establish the optimal dosage, 131 piglets were examined for 28 days. Piglets in the amount of 25-27 goals in each group were selected on the basis of analogues. The conditions of feeding and feeding were identical, the duration of the experiment was 28 days. Healthy piglets were selected by clinical examination. For the experiment, five groups were formed, which were received with food: 1st, 2nd, 3rd — carnitine at a dose of 15.0; 25.0; 50.0 mg / kg feed per day, respectively; The 4th group received lipamide at a dose of 1 g / head per day in accordance with the recommendations for its use (3), pigs of the 5th group were intact (did not receive drugs).

To identify prophylactic efficacy, the number of forced and dead piglets with a clinical and pathological picture of hepatodystrophy from the total number of susceptible livestock was taken into account. The results are presented in table 1.

The most effective for the prevention of hepatodystrophy in piglets was a dose of carnitine 25 mg / kg feed per day, exceeding the same indicator obtained with the use of lipamide.

Example 2

Five groups of piglets were selected to determine therapeutic efficacy and justify the therapeutic dose for hepatodystrophy. The diagnosis of hepatodystrophy was made on the basis of a clinical examination of piglets of weaning period at the age of 55-56 days. The selected pigs with hepatodystrophy, in the amount of 14 goals in each group, were kept in similar conditions.

Tested various doses of carnitine: 25.0; 50.0; 75.0 mg / kg of feed - respectively 1-3 groups. Animals of the 4th group received lipamide at a therapeutic dose of 2 g / head per day, in accordance with the recommendations (3).

Animals of the fifth group did not receive drugs. The duration of the experiment is 28 days. Data on therapeutic efficacy, determined by the number of recovered animals, are given in table 2.

The best results were obtained in the treatment of piglets with hepatodystrophy, carnitine at a dose of 50 mg / kg of feed once a day for 28 days. The therapeutic efficacy of lipamide corresponded to the indicator for group 3 (75 mg of carnitine / kg of feed).

To determine therapeutic efficacy after 28 days of experience in groups of the 2nd (with an optimal dosage of carnitine - 50 mg / kg feed), 4th (lipamide in a therapeutic dose of 2 g / head per day) and 5th (without the use of drugs ) morphobiochemical parameters of blood and histochemical parameters of the liver of experimental piglets were determined. (Tables 3, 4).

The main criteria for the reliability of the therapeutic effect of carnitine in this dose were biochemical blood tests and histochemical studies of the liver of sick piglets, carried out at the end of the experiment.

An analysis of Tables 3 and 4 showed that the use of carnitine at a dose of 50 mg / kg of feed for piglets for therapeutic purposes created additional energy reserves, which led to an increase in the metabolic utilization of carbohydrates and lipids (liver acetylating ability). Giving the drug contributed to the removal of hepatosuppressive (cholinesterase) and cytolytic (AlAT, AcAT) syndromes, the gradual restoration of secretory (glycogen, total proteins) and excretory functions of the liver (alkaline phosphatase, direct bilirubin), a decrease in the degree of fatty liver infiltration (neutral fats), and stimulation of the process tissue respiration (cytochrome oxidase).

Studies have confirmed the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. The use of carnitine for the prevention of hepatodystrophy of piglets can significantly reduce the incidence and does not cause side effects, piglets have high productivity indicators - average daily weight gain and weight gain. The effectiveness of treatment is higher than that of the analogue.

Sources of information

1. Nikulin I.A., Kuznetsov I.I., Anokhin B.M. and others. Hepatoses of farm animals and preparations for their treatment and prevention. Bulletin of the VSAU them. K.D. Glinka. Scientific reports and reports. - VGAU, 1999, No. 2, p. 297-311.

2. Hepatoses of farm animals and hepatoprotective drugs. Met. Recom. for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hepatosis S.-kh. Animals. Kuznetsov N.I., Nikulin I.A., Visloguzov A.M. et al. VGAU. VNIVIPFiT. - Voronezh, 2001, p. 65.

3. The use of complex hepatopoietic and vitamin preparations in industrial pig breeding. Under. ed. N.I. Kuznetsova. - Voronezh, 1990, p. 7.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention and treatment of hepatodystrophy of piglets, including the use of a vitamin-containing preparation, characterized in that carnitine is used as a vitamin-containing preparation for prophylaxis in a daily dose of 15-50 mg per 1 kg of dry food, for treatment in a daily dose of 25-75 mg per 1 kg of dry stern.